The Fulton County Grand Jury said Friday an investigation of Atlanta's recent primary election produced "no evidence" that any irregularities took place.    The jury further said in term-end presentments that the City Executive Committee, which had over-all charge of the election, "deserves the praise and thanks of the City of Atlanta" for the manner in which the election was conducted.    The September-October term jury had been charged by Fulton Superior Court Judge Durwood Pye to investigate reports of possible "irregularities" in the hard-fought primary which was won by Mayor-nominate Ivan Allen Jr&.    "Only a relative handful of such reports was received", the jury said, "considering the widespread interest in the election, the number of voters and the size of this city".    The jury said it did find that many of Georgia's registration and election laws "are outmoded or inadequate and often ambiguous".    It recommended that Fulton legislators act "to have these laws studied and revised to the end of modernizing and improving them".    The grand jury commented on a number of other topics, among them the Atlanta and Fulton County purchasing departments which it said "are well operated and follow generally accepted practices which inure to the best interest of both governments". MERGER PROPOSED However, the jury said it believes "these two offices should be combined to achieve greater efficiency and reduce the cost of administration".    The City Purchasing Department, the jury said, "is lacking in experienced clerical personnel as a result of city personnel policies". It urged that the city "take steps to remedy" this problem.    Implementation of Georgia's automobile title law was also recommended by the outgoing jury.    It urged that the next Legislature "provide enabling funds and re-set the effective date so that an orderly implementation of the law may be effected".    The grand jury took a swipe at the State Welfare Department's handling of federal funds granted for child welfare services in foster homes.    "This is one of the major items in the Fulton County general assistance program", the jury said, but the State Welfare Department "has seen fit to distribute these funds through the welfare departments of all the counties in the state with the exception of Fulton County, which receives none of this money.    The jurors said they realize "a proportionate distribution of these funds might disable this program in our less populous counties".    Nevertheless, "we feel that in the future Fulton County should receive some portion of these available funds", the jurors said. "Failure to do this will continue to place a disproportionate burden" on Fulton taxpayers.    The jury also commented on the Fulton ordinary's court which has been under fire for its practices in the appointment of appraisers, guardians and administrators and the awarding of fees and compensation. WARDS PROTECTED The jury said it found the court "has incorporated into its operating procedures the recommendations" of two previous grand juries, the Atlanta Bar Association and an interim citizens committee.    "These actions should serve to protect in fact and in effect the court's wards from undue costs and its appointed and elected servants from unmeritorious criticisms", the jury said.    Regarding Atlanta's new multi-million-dollar airport, the jury recommended "that when the new management takes charge Jan& 1 the airport be operated in a manner that will eliminate political influences".    The jury did not elaborate, but it added that "there should be periodic surveillance of the pricing practices of the concessionaires for the purpose of keeping the prices reasonable". ASK JAIL DEPUTIES On other matters, the jury recommended that: _(1)_    Four additional deputies be employed at the Fulton County Jail and "a doctor, medical intern or extern be employed for night and weekend duty at the jail". _(2)_    Fulton legislators "work with city officials to pass enabling legislation that will permit the establishment of a fair and equitable" pension plan for city employes.    The jury praised the administration and operation of the Atlanta Police Department, the Fulton Tax Commissioner's Office, the Bellwood and Alpharetta prison farms, Grady Hospital and the Fulton Health Department.    Mayor William B& Hartsfield filed suit for divorce from his wife, Pearl Williams Hartsfield, in Fulton Superior Court Friday. His petition charged mental cruelty.    The couple was married Aug& 2, 1913. They have a son, William Berry Jr&, and a daughter, Mrs& J& M& Cheshire of Griffin.    Attorneys for the mayor said that an amicable property settlement has been agreed upon.    The petition listed the mayor's occupation as "attorney" and his age as 71. It listed his wife's age as 74 and place of birth as Opelika, Ala&.    The petition said that the couple has not lived together as man and wife for more than a year.    The Hartsfield home is at 637 E& Pelham Rd& ~NE.    Henry L& Bowden was listed on the petition as the mayor's attorney.    Hartsfield has been mayor of Atlanta, with exception of one brief interlude, since 1937. His political career goes back to his election to city council in 1923.    The mayor's present term of office expires Jan& 1. He will be succeeded by Ivan Allen Jr&, who became a candidate in the Sept& 13 primary after Mayor Hartsfield announced that he would not run for reelection.    Georgia Republicans are getting strong encouragement to enter a candidate in the 1962 governor's race, a top official said Wednesday.    Robert Snodgrass, state ~GOP chairman, said a meeting held Tuesday night in Blue Ridge brought enthusiastic responses from the audience.    State Party Chairman James W& Dorsey added that enthusiasm was picking up for a state rally to be held Sept& 8 in Savannah at which newly elected Texas Sen& John Tower will be the featured speaker.    In the Blue Ridge meeting, the audience was warned that entering a candidate for governor would force it to take petitions out into voting precincts to obtain the signatures of registered voters.    Despite the warning, there was a unanimous vote_AUSTIN, TEXAS_    - Committee approval of Gov& Price Daniel's "abandoned property" act seemed certain Thursday despite the adamant protests of Texas bankers.    Daniel personally led the fight for the measure, which he had watered down considerably since its rejection by two previous Legislatures, in a public hearing before the House Committee on Revenue and Taxation.    Under committee rules, it went automatically to a subcommittee for one week. But questions with which committee members taunted bankers appearing as witnesses left little doubt that they will recommend passage of it.    Daniel termed "extremely conservative" his estimate that it would produce 17 million dollars to help erase an anticipated deficit of 63 million dollars at the end of the current fiscal year next Aug& 31.    He told the committee the measure would merely provide means of enforcing the escheat law which has been on the books "since Texas was a republic". It permits the state to take over bank accounts, stocks and other personal property of persons missing for seven years or more.    The bill, which Daniel said he drafted personally, would force banks, insurance firms, pipeline companies and other corporations to report such property to the state treasurer. The escheat law cannot be enforced now because it is almost impossible to locate such property, Daniel declared.    Dewey Lawrence, a Tyler lawyer representing the Texas Bankers Association, sounded the opposition keynote when he said it would force banks to violate their contractual obligations with depositors and undermine the confidence of bank customers.    "If you destroy confidence in banks, you do something to the economy", he said. "You take out of circulation many millions of dollars".    Rep& Charles E& Hughes of Sherman, sponsor of the bill, said a failure to enact it would amount "to making a gift out of the taxpayers' pockets to banks, insurance and pipeline companies".    His contention was denied by several bankers, including Scott Hudson of Sherman, Gaynor B& Jones of Houston, J& B& Brady of Harlingen and Howard Cox of Austin.    Cox argued that the bill is "probably unconstitutional" since, he said, it would impair contracts.    He also complained that not enough notice was given on the hearing, since the bill was introduced only last Monday. _AUSTIN, TEXAS_    - Senators unanimously approved Thursday the bill of Sen& George Parkhouse of Dallas authorizing establishment of day schools for the deaf in Dallas and the four other largest counties.    The bill is designed to provide special schooling for more deaf students in the scholastic age at a reduced cost to the state.    There was no debate as the Senate passed the bill on to the House.    It would authorize the Texas Education Agency to establish county-wide day schools for the deaf in counties of 300,000 or more population, require deaf children between 6 and 13 years of age to attend the day schools, permitting older ones to attend the residential Texas School for the Deaf here.    Operating budget for the day schools in the five counties of Dallas, Harris, Bexar, Tarrant and El Paso would be $451,500, which would be a savings of $157,460 yearly after the first year's capital outlay of $88,000 was absorbed, Parkhouse told the Senate.    The ~TEA estimated there would be 182 scholastics to attend the day school in Dallas County, saving them from coming to Austin to live in the state deaf school. @ Dallas may get to hear a debate on horse race parimutuels soon between Reps& V& E& (Red) Berry and Joe Ratcliff.    While details are still be to worked out, Ratcliff said he expects to tell home folks in Dallas why he thinks Berry's proposed constitutional amendment should be rejected.    "We're getting more 'pro' letters than 'con' on horse race betting", said Ratcliff. "But I believe if people were better informed on this question, most of them would oppose it also. I'm willing to stake my political career on it".    Rep& Berry, an ex-gambler from San Antonio, got elected on his advocacy of betting on the ponies. A House committee which heard his local option proposal is expected to give it a favorable report, although the resolution faces hard sledding later. @ The House passed finally, and sent to the Senate, a bill extending the State Health Department's authority to give planning assistance to cities. @ The Senate quickly whipped through its meager fare of House bills approved by committees, passing the three on the calendar. One validated acts of school districts. Another enlarged authority of the Beaumont Navigation District.    The third amended the enabling act for creation of the Lamar county Hospital District, for which a special constitutional amendment previously was adopted. @ Without dissent, senators passed a bill by Sen& A& R& Schwartz of Galveston authorizing establishment in the future of a school for the mentally retarded in the Gulf Coast district. Money for its construction will be sought later on but in the meantime the State Hospital board can accept gifts and donations of a site. @ Two tax revision bills were passed. One, by Sen& Louis Crump of San Saba, would aid more than 17,000 retailers who pay a group of miscellaneous excise taxes by eliminating the requirement that each return be notarized. Instead, retailers would sign a certificate of correctness, violation of which would carry a penalty of one to five years in prison, plus a $1,000 fine. It was one of a series of recommendations by the Texas Research League. @ The other bill, by Sen& A& M& Aikin Jr& of Paris, would relieve real estate brokers, who pay their own annual licensing fee, from the $12 annual occupation license on brokers in such as stocks and bonds. @ Natural gas public utility companies would be given the right of eminent domain, under a bill by Sen& Frank Owen /3, of El Paso, to acquire sites for underground storage reservoirs for gas. @ Marshall Formby of Plainview, former chairman of the Texas Highway Commission, suggested a plan to fill by appointment future vacancies in the Legislature and Congress, eliminating the need for costly special elections.    Under Formby's plan, an appointee would be selecte   Several defendants in the Summerdale police burglary trial made statements indicating their guilt at the time of their arrest, Judge James B& Parsons was told in Criminal court yesterday.    The disclosure by Charles Bellows, chief defense counsel, startled observers and was viewed as the prelude to a quarrel between the six attorneys representing the eight former policemen now on trial.    Bellows made the disclosure when he asked Judge Parsons to grant his client, Alan Clements, 30, a separate trial. Bellows made the request while the all-woman jury was out of the courtroom. FEARS PREJUDICIAL ASPECTS "The statements may be highly prejudicial to my client", Bellows told the court. "Some of the defendants strongly indicated they knew they were receiving stolen property. It is impossible to get a fair trial when some of the defendants made statements involving themselves and others".    Judge Parsons leaned over the bench and inquired, "You mean some of the defendants made statements admitting this"?    "Yes, your honor", replied Bellows. "What this amounts to, if true, is that there will be a free-for-all fight in this case. There is a conflict among the defendants". _WASHINGTON, JULY 24_    - President Kennedy today pushed aside other White House business to devote all his time and attention to working on the Berlin crisis address he will deliver tomorrow night to the American people over nationwide television and radio.    The President spent much of the week-end at his summer home on Cape Cod writing the first drafts of portions of the address with the help of White House aids in Washington with whom he talked by telephone.    Shortly after the Chief Executive returned to Washington in midmorning from Hyannis Port, Mass&, a White House spokesman said the address text still had "quite a way to go" toward completion. DECISIONS ARE MADE Asked to elaborate, Pierre Salinger, White House press secretary, replied, "I would say it's got to go thru several more drafts".    Salinger said the work President Kennedy, advisers, and members of his staff were doing on the address involved composition and wording, rather than last minute decisions on administration plans to meet the latest Berlin crisis precipitated by Russia's demands and proposals for the city.    The last 10 cases in the investigation of the Nov& 8 election were dismissed yesterday by Acting Judge John M& Karns, who charged that the prosecution obtained evidence "by unfair and fundamentally illegal means".    Karns said that the cases involved a matter "of even greater significance than the guilt or innocence" of the 50 persons. He said evidence was obtained "in violation of the legal rights of citizens".    Karns' ruling pertained to eight of the 10 cases. In the two other cases he ruled that the state had been "unable to make a case". Contempt proceedings originally had been brought against 677 persons in 133 precincts by Morris J& Wexler, special prosecutor. ISSUE JURY SUBPENAS Wexler admitted in earlier court hearings that he issued grand jury subpenas to about 200 persons involved in the election investigation, questioned the individuals in the Criminal courts building, but did not take them before the grand jury.    Mayer Goldberg, attorney for election judges in the 58th precinct of the 23d ward, argued this procedure constituted intimidation. Wexler has denied repeatedly that coercion was used in questioning.    Karns said it was a "wrongful act" for Wexler to take statements "privately and outside of the grand jury room". He said this constituted a "very serious misuse" of the Criminal court processes.    "Actually, the abuse of the process may have constituted a contempt of the Criminal court of Cook county, altho vindication of the authority of that court is not the function of this court", said Karns, who is a City judge in East St& Louis sitting in Cook County court. FACED SEVEN CASES Karns had been scheduled this week to hear seven cases involving 35 persons. Wexler had charged the precinct judges in these cases with "complementary" miscount of the vote, in which votes would be taken from one candidate and given to another.    The cases involved judges in the 33d, 24th, and 42d precincts of the 31st ward, the 21st and 28th precincts of the 29th ward, the 18th precinct of the 4th ward, and the 9th precinct of the 23d ward.    The case of the judges in the 58th precinct of the 23d ward had been heard previously and taken under advisement by Karns. Two other cases also were under advisement. CLAIMS PRECEDENT LACKING After reading his statement discharging the 23d ward case, Karns told Wexler that if the seven cases scheduled for trial also involved persons who had been subpenaed, he would dismiss them. _WASHINGTON, FEB& 9_    - President Kennedy today proposed a mammoth new medical care program whereby social security taxes on 70 million American workers would be raised to pay the hospital and some other medical bills of 14.2 million Americans over 65 who are covered by social security or railroad retirement programs.    The President, in a special message to Congress, tied in with his aged care plan requests for large federal grants to finance medical and dental scholarships, build 20 new medical and 20 new dental schools, and expand child health care and general medical research.    The aged care plan, similar to one the President sponsored last year as a senator, a fight on Capitol hill. It was defeated in Congress last year. COST UP TO $37 A YEAR It would be financed by boosting the social security payroll tax by as much as $37 a year for each of the workers now paying such taxes.    The social security payroll tax is now 6 per cent- 3 per cent on each worker and employer- on the first $4,800 of pay per year. The Kennedy plan alone would boost the base to $5,000 a year and the payroll tax to 6.5 per cent- 3.25 per cent each. Similar payroll tax boosts would be imposed on those under the railroad retirement system.    The payroll tax would actually rise to 7.5 per cent starting Jan& 1, 1963, if the plan is approved, because the levy is already scheduled to go u_OSLO_    The most positive element to emerge from the Oslo meeting of North Atlantic Treaty Organization Foreign Ministers has been the freer, franker, and wider discussions, animated by much better mutual understanding than in past meetings.    This has been a working session of an organization that, by its very nature, can only proceed along its route step by step and without dramatic changes. In Oslo, the ministers have met in a climate of candor, and made a genuine attempt to get information and understanding one another's problems.    This atmosphere of understanding has been particularly noticeable where relations are concerned between the "colonialist" powers and those who have never, or not for a long time, had such problems. The nightmare of a clash between those in trouble in Africa, exacerbated by the difficulties, changes, and tragedies facing them, and other allies who intellectually and emotionally disapprove of the circumstances that have brought these troubles about, has been conspicious by its absence. EXPLOSION AVOIDED In the case of Portugal, which a few weeks ago was rumored ready to walk out of the ~NATO Council should critics of its Angola policy prove harsh, there has been a noticeable relaxation of tension. The general, remarkably courteous, explanation has left basic positions unchanged, but there has been no explosion in the council. There should even be no more bitter surprises in the ~UN General Assembly as to ~NATO members' votes, since a new ad hoc ~NATO committee has been set up so that in the future such topics as Angola will be discussed in advance.    Canada alone has been somewhat out of step with the Oslo attempt to get all the allied cars back on the track behind the ~NATO locomotive. Even Norway, despite daily but limited manifestations against atomic arms in the heart of this northernmost capital of the alliance, is today closer to the ~NATO line.    On the negative side of the balance sheet must be set some disappointment that the United States leadership has not been as much in evidence as hoped for. One diplomat described the tenor of Secretary of State Dean Rusk's speeches as "inconclusive". But he hastened to add that, if United States policies were not always clear, despite Mr& Rusk's analysis of the various global danger points and setbacks for the West, this may merely mean the new administration has not yet firmly fixed its policy. EXPLORATORY MOOD A certain vagueness may also be caused by tactical appreciation of the fact that the present council meeting is a semipublic affair, with no fewer than six Soviet correspondents accredited.    The impression has nevertheless been given during these three days, despite Mr& Rusk's personal popularity, that the United States delegation came to Oslo in a somewhat tentative and exploratory frame of mind, more ready to listen and learn than to enunciate firm policy on a global scale with detailed application to individual danger spots.    The Secretary of State himself, in his first speech, gave some idea of the tremendous march of events inside and outside the United States that has preoccupied the new administration in the past four months.    But where the core of ~NATO is concerned, the Secretary of State has not only reiterated the United States' profound attachment to the alliance, "cornerstone" of its foreign policy, but has announced that five nuclear submarines will eventually be at ~NATO's disposal in European waters.    The Secretary of State has also solemnly repeated a warning to the Soviet Union that the United States will not stand for another setback in Berlin, an affirmation once again taken up by the council as a whole. CONFLICT SURVEYED The secretary's greatest achievement is perhaps the rekindling of ~NATO realization that East-West friction, wherever it take place around the globe, is in essence the general conflict between two entirely different societies, and must be treated as such without regard to geographical distance or lack of apparent connection.    The annual spring meeting has given an impetus in three main directions: more, deeper, and more timely political consultation within the alliance, the use of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (when ratified) as a method of coordinating aid to the underdeveloped countries, and the need for strengthening conventional forces as well as the maintenance of the nuclear deterrent.    This increase in the "threshold", as the conventional forces strengthening is called, will prove one of the alliance's most difficult problems in the months to come. Each ally will have to carry out obligations long since laid down, but never completely fulfilled. _WASHINGTON_    The Kennedy administration moves haltingly toward a Geneva conference on Laos just as serious debate over its foreign policy erupts for the first time.    There is little optimism here that the Communists will be any more docile at the conference table than they were in military actions on the ground in Laos.    The United States, State Department officials explain, now is mainly interested in setting up an international inspection system which will prevent Laos from being used as a base for Communist attacks on neighboring Thailand and South Viet Nam.    They count on the aid of the neutral countries attending the Geneva conference to achieve this.    The United States hopes that any future Lao Cabinet would not become Communist dominated. But it is apparent that no acceptable formula has been found to prevent such a possibility. POLICIES MODIFIED The inclination here is to accept a de facto cease-fire in Laos, rather than continue to insist on a verification of the cease-fire by the international control commission before participating in the Geneva conference.    This is another of the modifications of policy on Laos that the Kennedy administration has felt compelled to make. It excuses these actions as being the chain reaction to basic errors made in the previous administration.    Its spokesmen insist that there has not been time enough to institute reforms in military and economic aid policies in the critical areas.    But with the months moving on- and the immediate confrontations with the Communists showing no gain for the free world- the question arises:    How effective have Kennedy administration first foreign policy decisions been in dealing with Communist aggres   East Providence should organize its civil defense setup and begin by appointing a full-time director, Raymond H& Hawksley, the present city ~CD head, believes.    Mr& Hawksley said yesterday he would be willing to go before the city council "or anyone else locally" to outline his proposal at the earliest possible time.    East Providence now has no civil defense program. Mr& Hawksley, the state's general treasurer, has been a part-time ~CD director in the city for the last nine years. He is not interested in being named a full-time director.    Noting that President Kennedy has handed the Defense Department the major responsibility for the nation's civil defense program, Mr& Hawksley said the federal government would pay half the salary of a full-time local director.    He expressed the opinion the city could hire a ~CD director for about $3,500 a year and would only have to put up half that amount on a matching fund basis to defray the salary costs.    Mr& Hawksley said he believed there are a number of qualified city residents who would be willing to take the full-time ~CD job. One of these men is former Fire Chief John A& Laughlin, he said.    Along with a director, the city should provide a ~CD headquarters so that pertinent information about the local organization would be centralized. Mr& Hawksley said.    One advantage that would come to the city in having a full-time director, he said, is that East Providence would become eligible to apply to the federal government for financial aid in purchasing equipment needed for a sound civil defense program.    Matching funds also can be obtained for procurement of such items as radios, sirens and rescue trucks, he said.    Mr& Hawksley believes that East Providence could use two more rescue trucks, similar to the ~CD vehicle obtained several years ago and now detailed to the Central Fire Station.    He would assign one of the rescue trucks to the Riverside section of the city and the other to the Rumford area.    Speaking of the present status of civil defense in the city, Mr& Hawksley said he would be willing to bet that not more than one person in a hundred would know what to do or where to go in the event of an enemy attack.    The Narragansett Race Track grounds is one assembly point, he said, and a drive-in theater in Seekonk would be another. Riverside residents would go to the Seekonk assembly point.    Mr& Hawksley said he was not critical of city residents for not knowing what to do or where to assemble in case of an air attack.    Such vital information, he said, has to be made available to the public frequently and at regular intervals for residents to know.    If the city council fails to consider appointment of a full-time ~CD director, Mr& Hawksley said, then he plans to call a meeting early in September so that a civil defense organization will be developed locally.    One of the first things he would do, he said, would be to organize classes in first aid. Other steps would be developed after information drifts down to the local level from the federal government.    Rhode Island is going to examine its Sunday sales law with possible revisions in mind.    Governor Notte said last night he plans to name a committee to make the study and come up with recommendations for possible changes in time for the next session of the General Assembly.    The governor's move into the so-called "blue law" controversy came in the form of a letter to Miss Mary R& Grant, deputy city clerk of Central Falls. A copy was released to the press.    Mr& Notte was responding to a resolution adopted by the Central Falls City Council on July 10 and sent to the state house by Miss Grant. The resolution urges the governor to have a complete study of the Sunday sales laws made with an eye to their revision at the next session of the legislature.    While the city council suggested that the Legislative Council might perform the review, Mr& Notte said that instead he will take up the matter with Atty& Gen& J& Joseph Nugent to get "the benefit of his views". He will then appoint the study committee with Mr& Nugent's cooperation, the governor said.    "I would expect the proposed committee to hold public hearings", Mr& Notte said, "to obtain the views of the general public and religious, labor and special-interest groups affected by these laws".    The governor wrote Miss Grant that he has been concerned for some time "with the continuous problem which confronts our local and state law enforcement officers as a result of the laws regulating Sunday sales".    The attorney general has advised local police that it is their duty to enforce the blue laws. Should there be evidence they are shirking, he has said, the state police will step into the situation.    There has been more activity across the state line in Massachusetts than in Rhode Island in recent weeks toward enforcement of the Sunday sales laws. The statutes, similar in both the Bay State and Rhode Island and dating back in some instances to colonial times, severely limit the types of merchandise that may be sold on the Sabbath.    The Central Falls City Council expressed concern especially that more foods be placed on the eligible list and that neighborhood grocery and variety stores be allowed to do business on Sunday.    The only day they "have a chance to compete with large supermarkets is on Sunday", the council's resolution said. The small shops "must be retained, for they provide essential service to the community", according to the resolution, which added that they "also are the source of livelihood for thousands of our neighbors". It declares that Sunday sales licenses provide "great revenue" to the local government.    The council advised the governor that "large supermarkets, factory outlets and department stores not be allowed to do business" on Sunday. They "operate on a volume basis", it was contended, "and are not essential to provide the more limited but vital shopping needs of the community".    Liberals and conservatives in both part_PLAINFIELD_    - James P& Mitchell and Sen& Walter H& Jones ~R-Bergen, last night disagreed on the value of using as a campaign issue a remark by Richard J& Hughes, Democratic gubernatorial candidate, that the ~GOP is "Campaigning on the carcass of Eisenhower Republicanism".    Mitchell was for using it, Jones against, and Sen& Wayne Dumont Jr& ~R-Warren did not mention it when the three Republican gubernatorial candidates spoke at staggered intervals before 100 persons at the Park Hotel.    The controversial remark was first made Sunday by Hughes at a Westfield Young Democratic Club cocktail party at the Scotch Plains Country Club. It was greeted with a chorus of boos by 500 women in Trenton Monday at a forum of the State Federation of Women's Clubs.    Hughes said Monday, "It is the apparent intention of the Republican Party to campaign on the carcass of what they call Eisenhower Republicanism, but the heart stopped beating and the lifeblood congealed after Eisenhower retired. Now he's gone, the Republican Party is not going to be able to sell the tattered remains to the people of the state". Sunday he had added, "We can love Eisenhower the man, even if we considered him a mediocre president but there is nothing left of the Republican Party without his leadership".    Mitchell said the statement should become a major issue in the primary and the fall campaign. "How can a man with any degree of common decency charge this"? he asked. The former secretary of labor said he was proud to be an Eisenhower Republican "and proud to have absorbed his philosophy" while working in his adminstration.    Mitchell said the closeness of the outcome in last fall's Presidential election did not mean that Eisenhower Republicanism was a dead issue. REGRETS ATTACK Jones said he regretted Hughes had made a personal attack on a past president. "He is wrong to inject Eisenhower into this campaign", he said, "because the primary is being waged on state issues and I will not be forced into re-arguing an old national campaign".    The audience last night did not respond with either applause or boos to mention of Hughes' remark.    Dumont spoke on the merit of having an open primary. He then launched into what the issues should be in the campaign. State aid to schools, the continuance of railroad passenger service, the proper uses of surplus funds of the Port of New York Authority, and making New Jersey attractive to new industry. DECRIES JOBLESSNESS Mitchell decried the high rate of unemployment in the state and said the Meyner administration and the Republican-controlled State Senate "Must share the blame for this". Nothing that Plainfield last year had lost the Mack Truck Co& plant, he said industry will not come into this state until there is tax reform.    "But I am not in favor of a sales or state income tax at this time", Mitchell said.    Jones, unhappy that the candidates were limited to eight minutes for a speech and no audience questions, saved his barbs for Mitchell. He said Mitchell is against the centralization of government in Washington but looks to the Kennedy Administration for aid to meet New Jersey school and transportation crises.    "He calls for help while saying he is against centralization, but you can't have it both ways", Jones said. The state is now faced with the immediate question of raising new taxes whether on utilities, real estate or motor vehicles, he said, "and I challenge Mitchell to tell the people where he stands on the tax issue". DEFENDS IKE Earlier, Mitchell said in a statement:    "I think that all Americans will resent deeply the statements made about President Eisenhower by Richard J& Hughes. His reference to 'discredited carcass' or 'tattered remains' of the president's leadership is an insult to the man who led our forces to victory in the greatest war in all history, to the man who was twice elected overwhelmingly by the American people as president of the United States, and who has been the symbol to the world of the peace-loving intentions of the free nations.    "I find it hard to understand how anyone seeking a position in public life could demonstrate such poor judgment and bad taste.    "Such a vicious statement can only have its origin in the desire of a new political candidate to try to make his name known by condemning a man of world stature. It can only rebound to Mr& Hughes' discredit". SEES JONES AHEAD Sen& Charles W& Sandman, ~R-Cape May, said today Jones will run well ahead of his ~GOP opponents for the gubernatorial nomination. Sandman, state campaign chairman for Jones, was addressing a meeting in the Military Park Hotel, Newark, of Essex County leaders and campaign managers for Jones.    Sandman told the gathering that reports from workers on a local level all over the state indicate that Jones will be chosen the Republican Party's nominee with the largest majority given a candidate in recent years.    Sandman said: "The announcement that Sen& Clifford Case ~R-N&J&, has decided to spend all his available time campaigning for Mr& Mitchell is a dead giveaway. It is a desperate effort to prop up a sagging candidate who has proven he cannot answer any questions about New Jersey's problems.    "We have witnessed in this campaign the effort to project Mr& Mitchell as the image of a unity candidate from Washington. That failed.    "We are now witnessing an effort to transfer to Mr& Mitchell some of the glow of Sen& Case's candidacy of last year. That, too, will fail".    Sandman announced the appointment of Mrs& Harriet Copeland Greenfield of 330 Woodland Ave&, Westfield, as state chairman of the Republican Women for Jones Committee.    Mrs& Greenfield is president of the Westfield Women's Republican Club and is a Westfield county committeewoman.    County Supervisor Weldon R& Sheets, who is a candidate for the Democratic gubernatorial nomination, today called for an end to paper ballots in those counties in the state which still use them. The proposal, Sheets said, represents part of his program for election reforms necessary to make democracy in New Jersey mor   Resentment welled up yesterday among Democratic district leaders and some county leaders at reports that Mayor Wagner had decided to seek a third term with Paul R& Screvane and Abraham D& Beame as running mates.    At the same time reaction among anti-organization Democratic leaders and in the Liberal party to the Mayor's reported plan was generally favorable.    Some anti-organization Democrats saw in the program an opportunity to end the bitter internal fight within the Democratic party that has been going on for the last three years.    The resentment among Democratic organization leaders to the reported Wagner plan was directed particularly at the Mayor's efforts to name his own running mates without consulting the leaders. Some viewed this attempt as evidence that Mr& Wagner regarded himself as bigger than the party. OPPOSITION REPORTED Some Democratic district and county leaders are reported trying to induce State Controller Arthur Levitt of Brooklyn to oppose Mr& Wagner for the Mayoral nomination in the Sept& 7 Democratic primary.    These contend there is a serious question as to whether Mr& Wagner has the confidence of the Democratic rank and file in the city. Their view is that last-minute changes the Mayor is proposing to make in the Democratic ticket only emphasize the weakness of his performance as Mayor.    In an apparent effort to head off such a rival primary slate, Mr& Wagner talked by telephone yesterday with Representative Charles A& Buckley, the Bronx Democratic leader, and with Joseph T& Sharkey, the Brooklyn Democratic leader. MAYOR VISITS BUCKLEY As usual, he made no attempt to get in touch with Carmine G& De Sapio, the Manhattan leader. He is publicly on record as believing Mr& De Sapio should be replaced for the good of the party.    Last night the Mayor visited Mr& Buckley at the Bronx leader's home for a discussion of the situation. Apparently he believes Mr& Buckley holds the key to the Democratic organization's acceptance of his choices for running mates without a struggle.    In talks with Mr& Buckley last week in Washington, the Mayor apparently received the Bronx leader's assent to dropping Controller Lawrence E& Gerosa, who lives in the Bronx, from this year's ticket. But Mr& Buckley seems to have assumed he would be given the right to pick Mr& Gerosa's successor. SCREVANE AND BEAME HAILED The Mayor declined in two interviews with reporters yesterday to confirm or deny the reports that he had decided to run and wanted Mr& Screvane, who lives in Queens, to replace Abe Stark, the incumbent, as the candidate for President of the City Council and Mr& Beame, who lives in Brooklyn, to replace Mr& Gerosa as the candidate for Controller.    The Mayor spoke yesterday at the United Irish Counties Feis on the Hunter College Campus in the Bronx. After his speech, reporters asked him about the report of his political intentions, published in yesterday's New York Times. The Mayor said:    "It didn't come from me. But as I have said before, if I announce my candidacy, I will have something definite to say about running mates". _BOSTON, JUNE 16_    - A wave of public resentment against corruption in government is rising in Massachusetts.    There is a tangible feeling in the air of revulsion toward politics. The taxi driver taking the visitor from the airport remarks that politicians in the state are "all the same".    "It's 'See Joe, see Jim'", he says. "The hand is out".    A political scientist writes of the growth of "alienated voters", who "believe that voting is useless because politicians or those who influence politicians are corrupt, selfish and beyond popular control. These voters view the political process as a secret conspiracy, the object of which is to plunder them".    Corruption is hardly a recent development in the city and state that were widely identified as the locale of Edwin O'Connor's novel, "The Last Hurrah". But there are reasons for the current spotlight on the subject.    A succession of highly publicized scandals has aroused the public within the last year. Graft in the construction of highways and other public works has brought on state and Federal investigations. And the election of President Kennedy has attracted new attention to the ethical climate of his home state.    A reader of the Boston newspapers can hardly escape the impression that petty chicanery, or worse, is the norm in Massachusetts public life. Day after day some new episode is reported.    The state Public Works Department is accused of having spent $8,555 to build a private beach for a state judge on his waterfront property. An assistant attorney general is directed to investigate. _WASHINGTON, JUNE 18_    - Congress starts another week tomorrow with sharply contrasting forecasts for the two chambers.    In the Senate, several bills are expected to pass without any major conflict or opposition. In the House, the Southern-Republican coalition is expected to make another major stand in opposition to the Administration's housing bill, while more jockeying is expected in an attempt to advance the aid-to-education bill.    The housing bill is now in the House Rules Committee. It is expected to be reported out Tuesday, but this is a little uncertain.    The panel's action depends on the return of Representative James W& Trimble, Democrat of Arkansas, who has been siding with Speaker Sam Rayburn's forces in the Rules Committee in moving bills to the floor. Mr& Trimble has been in the hospital but is expected back Tuesday. LEADERSHIP IS HOPEFUL The housing bill is expected to encounter strong opposition by the coalition of Southern Democrats and conservative Republicans. The Democratic leadership, however, hopes to pass it sometime this week.    The $6,100,000,000 measure, which was passed last Monday by the Senate, provides for forty-year mortgages at low down-payments for moderate-income families. It also provides for funds to clear slums and help colleges build dormitories.    The education bill appears to be temporarily stalled in the Rules Committee, where two Northern Democratic members who usually vote with the Administration are balking because of the religious controversy. They are James J& Delaney of Queens and Thomas P& O'Neill Jr& of Massachusetts. THREE GROUPS TO MEET What could rescue the bill would be some quick progress on a bill amending the National Defense Education Act of 1958.    Appointment of William S& Pfaff Jr&, 41, as promotion manager of The Times-Picayune Publishing Company was announced Saturday by John F& Tims, president of the company.    Pfaff succeeds Martin Burke, who resigned.    The new promotion manager has been employed by the company since January, 1946, as a commercial artist in the advertising department.    He is a native of New Orleans and attended Allen Elementary school, Fortier High school and Soule business college.    From June, 1942, until December, 1945, Pfaff served in the Army Air Corps. While in the service he attended radio school at Scott Field in Belleville, Ill&.    Before entering the service, Pfaff for five years did clerical work with a general merchandising and wholesale firm in New Orleans.    He is married to the former Audrey Knecht and has a daughter, Karol, 13. They reside at 4911 Miles dr&. _WASHINGTON_    - Thousands of bleacher-type seats are being erected along Pennsylvania Avenue between the Capitol and the White House for the big inaugural parade on Jan& 20.    Assuming the weather is halfway decent that day, hundreds of thousands of persons will mass along this thoroughfare as President John F& Kennedy and retiring President Dwight D& Eisenhower leave Capitol Hill following the oath-taking ceremonies and ride down this historic ceremonial route.    Pennsylvania Avenue, named for one of the original 13 states, perhaps is not the most impressive street in the District of Columbia from a commercial standpoint. But from a historic viewpoint none can approach it. MANY BUILDINGS Within view of the avenue are some of the United States government's tremendous buildings, plus shrines and monuments. Of course, 1600 Pennsylvania, the White House, is the most famous address of the free world.    Within an easy walk from Capitol Hill where Pennsylvania Avenue comes together with Constitution Avenue, begins a series of great federal buildings, some a block long and all about seven-stories high.    Great chapters of history have been recorded along the avenue, now about 169 years old. In the early spring of 1913 a few hundred thousand persons turned out to watch 5000 women parade. They were the suffragettes and they wanted to vote. In the 1920 presidential election they had that right and many of them did vote for the first time. SEATS ON SQUARE Along this avenue which saw marching soldiers from the War Between the States returning in 1865 is the National Archives building where hundreds of thousands of this country's most valuable records are kept. Also the department of justice building is located where J& Edgar Hoover presides over the federal bureau of investigation.    Street car tracks run down the center of Pennsylvania, powered with lines that are underground.    Many spectators will be occupying seats and vantage points bordering Lafayette Square, opposite the White House. In this historic square are several statutes, but the one that stands out over the others is that of Gen& Andrew Jackson, hero of the Battle of New Orleans.    Moving past the presidential viewing stand and Lafayette Square will be at least 40 marching units. About 16,000 military members of all branches of the armed forces will take part in the parade.    Division one of the parade will be the service academies. Division two will include the representations of Massachusetts and Texas, the respective states of the President and of Vice-President L& B& Johnson. Then will come nine other states in the order of their admission to the union.    Division three will be headed by the Marines followed by 12 states; division four will be headed by the Navy, followed by 11 states; division five, by the Air Force followed by 11 states. Division six will be headed by the Coast Guard, followed by the reserve forces of all services, five states, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, the trust territories and the Canal Zone. _JACKSON, MISS&_    - What does 1961 offer in political and governmental developments in Mississippi?    Even for those who have been observing the political scene a long time, no script from the past is worth very much in gazing into the state's immediate political future.    This is largely because of the unpredictability of the man who operates the helm of the state government and is the elected leader of its two million inhabitants- Gov& Ross Barnett.    Barnett, who came into office with no previous experience in public administration, has surrounded himself with confusion which not only keeps his foes guessing but his friends as well.    Consequently, it is uncertain after nearly 12 months in office just which direction the Barnett administration will take in the coming year. COULD BE SCRAMBLE Some predict the administration will settle down during 1961 and iron out the rough edges which it has had thus far.    The builtin headache of the Barnett regime thus far has been the steady stream of job-seekers and others who feel they were given commitments by Barnett at some stage of his eight-year quest for the governor's office.    There are many who predict that should Barnett decide to call the Legislature back into special session, it will really throw his administration into a scramble.    Certainly nobody will predict that the next time the lawmakers come back together Barnett will be able to enjoy a re-enactment of the strange but successful "honeymoon" he had in the 1960 legislative session.    If Barnett doesn't call a special session in 1961, it will be the first year in the last decade that the Legislature has not met in regular or special session.    The odds favor a special session, more than likely early in the year. DISTRICTS ISSUE Legislators always get restless for a special session (whether for the companionship or the $22.50 per diem is not certain) and if they start agitating. Barnett is not expected to be able to withstand the pressure.    The issue which may make it necessary to have a session is the highly sensitive problem of cutting the state's congressional districts from six to five to eliminate one    City Controller Alexander Hemphill charged Tuesday that the bids on the Frankford Elevated repair project were rigged to the advantage of a private contracting company which had "an inside track" with the city.    Estimates of the city's loss in the $344,000 job have ranged as high as $200,000. 'SHORTCUTS' UNNOTICED Hemphill said that the Hughes Steel Erection Co& contracted to do the work at an impossibly low cost with a bid that was far less than the "legitimate" bids of competing contractors.    The Hughes concern then took "shortcuts" on the project but got paid anyway, Hemphill said.    The Controller's charge of rigging was the latest development in an investigation which also brought these disclosures Tuesday:    The city has sued for the full amount of the $172,400 performance bond covering the contract.    The Philadelphia Transportation Co& is investigating the part its organization played in reviewing the project.    The signature of Harold V& Varani, former director of architecture and engineering in the Department of Public Property, appeared on payment vouchers certifying work on the project. Varani has been fired on charges of accepting gifts from the contractor.    Managing Director Donald C& Wagner has agreed to cooperate fully with Hemphill after a period of sharp disagreement on the matter.    The announcement that the city would sue for recovery on the performance bond was made by City Solicitor David Berger at a press conference following a meeting in the morning with Wagner and other officials of the city and the ~PTC as well as representatives of an engineering firm that was pulled off the El project before its completion in 1959. CONCERN BANKRUPT The Hughes company and the Consolidated Industries, Inc&, both of 3646 N& 2d st&, filed for reorganization under the Federal bankruptcy law. On Monday, the Hughes concern was formally declared bankrupt after its directors indicated they could not draw up a plan for reorganization.    Business relations between the companies and city have been under investigation by Hemphill and District Attorney James C& Crumlish, Jr&. INTERVENES IN CASE The suit was filed later in the day in Common Pleas Court 7 against the Hughes company and two bonding firms. Travelers Indemnity Co& and the Continental Casualty Co&.    At Berger's direction, the city also intervened in the Hughes bankruptcy case in U& S& District Court in a move preliminary to filing a claim there.    "I am taking the position that the contract was clearly violated", Berger said.    The contract violations mostly involve failure to perform rehabilitation work on expansion joints along the El track. The contract called for overhauling of 102 joints. The city paid for work on 75, of which no more than 21 were repaired, Hemphill charged. WIDE RANGE IN BIDS Hemphill said the Hughes concern contracted to do the repairs at a cost of $500 for each joint. The bid from A& Belanger and Sons of Cambridge, Mass&, which listed the same officers as Hughes, was $600 per joint.    But, Hemphill added, bids from other contractors ranged from $2400 to $3100 per joint.    Berger's decision to sue for the full amount of the performance bond was questioned by Wagner in the morning press conference. Wagner said the city paid only $37,500 to the Hughes company. "We won't know the full amount until we get a full report", Wagner said.    "We can claim on the maximum amount of the bond", Berger said.    Wagner replied, "Can't you just see the headline: 'City Hooked for $172,000'"? 'KNOW ENOUGH TO SUE' Berger insisted that "we know enough to sue for the full amount".    Douglas M& Pratt, president of the ~PTC, who attended the meeting, said the transit company is reviewing the work on the El.    "We want to find out who knew about it", Pratt said. "Certain people must have known about it".    "The ~PTC is investigating the whole matter", Pratt said.    Samuel D& Goodis, representing the Philadelphia Hotel Association, objected on Tuesday to a proposed boost by the city in licensing fees, saying that occupancy rates in major hotels here ranged from 48 to 74 percent last year.    Goodis voiced his objection before City Council's Finance Committee.    For hotels with 1000 rooms, the increased license fee would mean an expense of $5000 a year, Goodis said. TESTIFIES AT HEARING His testimony came during a hearing on a bill raising fees for a wide variety of licenses, permits and city services. The new fees are expected to raise an additional $740,000 in the remainder of 1961 and $2,330,000 more a year after that.    The ordinance would increase the fee for rooming houses, hotels and multi-family dwellings to $5 a room. The cost of a license now is $2, with an annual renewal fee of $1.    Goodis said that single rooms account for 95 percent of the accomodations in some hotels. REVENUE ESTIMATED The city expects the higher rooming house, hotel and apartment house fees to bring in an additional $457,000 a year.    The increase also was opposed by Leonard Kaplan, spokesman for the Home Builders Association of Philadelphia, on behalf of association members who operate apartment houses.    A proposal to raise dog license fees drew an objection from Councilwoman Virginia Knauer, who formerly raised pedigreed dogs. The ordinance would increase fees from $1 for males and $2 for females to a flat $5 a dog. COMMISSIONER REPLIES Mrs& Knauer said she did not think dog owners should be penalized for the city's services to animal care.    In reply, Deputy Police Commissioner Howard R& Leary said that the city spends more than $115,000 annually to license and regulate dogs but collects only $43,000 in fees.    He reported that the city's contributions for animal care included $67,000 to the Women's S&P&C&A&; $15,000 to pay six policemen assigned as dog catchers and $15,000 to investigate dog bites. BACKS HIGHER FEES City Finance Director Richard J& McConnell indorsed the higher fees, which, he said, had been under study for more than a year. The city is not adequately compensated for the services covered by the fees, he said.    The new fee schedule also was supported by Commissioner of Licenses and I   Vincent G& Ierulli has been appointed temporary assistant district attorney, it was announced Monday by Charles E& Raymond, District Attorney.    Ierulli will replace Desmond D& Connall who has been called to active military service but is expected back on the job by March 31.    Ierulli, 29, has been practicing in Portland since November, 1959. He is a graduate of Portland University and the Northwestern College of Law. He is married and the father of three children.    Helping foreign countries to build a sound political structure is more important than aiding them economically, E& M& Martin, assistant secretary of state for economic affairs told members of the World Affairs Council Monday night.    Martin, who has been in office in Washington, D& C&, for 13 months spoke at the council's annual meeting at the Multnomah Hotel. He told some 350 persons that the United States' challenge was to help countries build their own societies their own ways, following their own paths.    "We must persuade them to enjoy a way of life which, if not identical, is congenial with ours", he said but adding that if they do not develop the kind of society they themselves want it will lack ritiuality and loyalty. PATIENCE NEEDED Insuring that the countries have a freedom of choice, he said, was the biggest detriment to the Soviet Union.    He cited East Germany where after 15 years of Soviet rule it has become necessary to build a wall to keep the people in, and added, "so long as people rebel, we must not give up".    Martin called for patience on the part of Americans.    "The countries are trying to build in a decade the kind of society we took a century to build", he said.    By leaving our doors open the United States gives other peoples the opportunity to see us and to compare, he said. INDIVIDUAL HELP BEST "We have no reason to fear failure, but we must be extraordinarily patient", the assistant secretary said.    Economically, Martin said, the United States could best help foreign countries by helping them help themselves. Private business is more effective than government aid, he explained, because individuals are able to work with the people themselves.    The United States must plan to absorb the exported goods of the country, at what he termed a "social cost".    Martin said the government has been working to establish firmer prices on primary products which may involve the total income of one country.    The Portland school board was asked Monday to take a positive stand towards developing and coordinating with Portland's civil defense more plans for the city's schools in event of attack.    But there seemed to be some difference of opinion as to how far the board should go, and whose advice it should follow.    The board members, after hearing the coordination plea from Mrs& Ralph H& Molvar, 1409 ~SW Maplecrest Dr&, said they thought they had already been cooperating.    Chairman C& Richard Mears pointed out that perhaps this was not strictly a school board problem, in case of atomic attack, but that the board would cooperate so far as possible to get the children to where the parents wanted them to go.    Dr& Melvin W& Barnes, superintendent, said he thought the schools were waiting for some leadership, perhaps on the national level, to make sure that whatever steps of planning they took would "be more fruitful", and that he had found that other school districts were not as far along in their planning as this district.    "Los Angeles has said they would send the children to their homes in case of disaster", he said. "Nobody really expects to evacuate. I think everybody is agreed that we need to hear some voice on the national level that would make some sense and in which we would have some confidence in following.    Mrs& Molvar, who kept reiterating her request that they "please take a stand", said, "We must have faith in somebody- on the local level, and it wouldn't be possible for everyone to rush to a school to get their children".    Dr& Barnes said that there seemed to be feeling that evacuation plans, even for a high school where there were lots of cars "might not be realistic and would not work".    Mrs& Molvar asked again that the board join in taking a stand in keeping with Jack Lowe's program. The board said it thought it had gone as far as instructed so far and asked for more information to be brought at the next meeting.    It was generally agreed that the subject was important and the board should be informed on what was done, is going to be done and what it thought should be done. _SALEM (~AP)_    - The statewide meeting of war mothers Tuesday in Salem will hear a greeting from Gov& Mark Hatfield.    Hatfield also is scheduled to hold a public United Nations Day reception in the state capitol on Tuesday.    His schedule calls for a noon speech Monday in Eugene at the Emerald Empire Kiwanis Club.    He will speak to Willamette University Young Republicans Thursday night in Salem.    On Friday he will go to Portland for the swearing in of Dean Bryson as Multnomah County Circuit Judge.    He will attend a meeting of the Republican State Central Committee Saturday in Portland and see the Washington-Oregon football game.    Beaverton School District No& 48 board members examined blueprints and specifications for two proposed junior high schools at a Monday night workshop session.    A bond issue which would have provided some $3.5 million for construction of the two 900-student schools was defeated by district voters in January.    Last week the board, by a 4 to 3 vote, decided to ask voters whether they prefer the 6-3-3 (junior high school) system or the 8-4 system. Board members indicated Monday night this would be done by an advisory poll to be taken on Nov& 15, the same date as a $581,000 bond election for the construction of three new elementary schools.    Secretary of Labor Arthur Goldberg will speak Sunday night at the Masonic Temple at a $25-a-plate dinner honoring Sen& Wayne L& Morse, ~D-Ore&.    The dinner is sponsored by organized labor and is scheduled for 7 p_MIAMI, FLA&, MARCH 17_    - The Orioles tonight retained the distinction of being the only winless team among the eighteen Major-League clubs as they dropped their sixth straight spring exhibition decision, this one to the Kansas City Athletics by a score of 5 to 3.    Indications as late as the top of the sixth were that the Birds were to end their victory draought as they coasted along with a 3-to-o advantage. SIEBERN HITS HOMER Over the first five frames, Jack Fisher, the big righthandler who figures to be in the middle of Oriole plans for a drive on the 1961 American League pennant, held the ~A's scoreless while yielding three scattered hits.    Then Dick Hyde, submarine-ball hurler, entered the contest and only five batters needed to face him before there existed a 3-to-3 deadlock.    A two-run homer by Norm Siebern and a solo blast by Bill Tuttle tied the game, and single runs in the eighth and ninth gave the Athletics their fifth victory in eight starts. HOUSE THROWS WILD With one down in the eighth, Marv Throneberry drew a walk and stole second as Hyde fanned Tuttle. Catcher Frank House's throw in an effort to nab Throneberry was wide and in the dirt.    Then Heywood Sullivan, Kansas City catcher, singled up the middle and Throneberry was across with what proved to be the winning run.    Rookie southpaw George Stepanovich relieved Hyde at the start of the ninth and gave up the ~A's fifth tally on a walk to second baseman Dick Howser, a wild pitch, and Frank Cipriani's single under Shortstop Jerry Adair's glove into center.    The Orioles once again performed at the plate in powderpuff fashion, gathering only seven blows off the offerings of three Kansas City pitchers. Three were doubles, Brooks Robinson getting a pair and Marv Breeding one. HARTMAN IMPRESSIVE Bill Kunkel, Bob Hartman and Ed Keegan did the mound chores for the club down from West Palm Beach to play the game before 767 paying customers in Miami Stadium.    The Birds got five hits and all three of their runs off Kunkel before Hartman took over in the top of the fourth. Hartman, purchased by the ~A's from the Milwaukee Braves last fall, allowed no hits in his scoreless three-inning appearance, and merited the triumph.    Keegan, a 6-foot-3-inch 158-pounder, gave up the Orioles' last two safeties over the final three frames, escaping a load of trouble in the ninth when the Birds threatened but failed to tally. ROBINSON DOUBLES AGAIN In the ninth, Robinson led off with his second double of the night, a blast off the fence 375 feet deep into left.    Whitey Herzog, performing in right as the Orioles fielded possibly their strongest team of the spring, worked Keegan for a base on balls.    Then three consecutive pinch-hitters failed to produce.    Pete Ward was sent in for House and, after failing in a bunt attempt, popped to Howser on the grass back of short.    John Powell, batting for Adair, fanned after fouling off two 2-and-2 pitches, and Buddy Barker, up for Stepanovich, bounced out sharply to Jerry Lumpe at second to end the 2-hour-and-27-minute contest.    The Orioles got a run in the first inning when Breeding, along with Robinson, the two Birds who got a pair of hits, doubled to right center, moved to third on Russ Snyder's single to right and crossed on Kunkel's wild pitch into the dirt in front of the plate.    The Flock added a pair of tallies in the third on three straight hits after two were out.    Jackie Brandt singled deep into the hole at short to start the rally. LUMPE ERRS Jim Gentile bounced a hard shot off Kunkel's glove and beat it out for a single, and when Lumpe grabbed the ball and threw it over first baseman Throneberry's head Brandt took third and Gentile second on the error.    Then Robinson slammed a long double to left center to score both runners. When Robinson tried to stretch his blow into a triple, he was cut down in a close play at third, Tuttle to Andy Carey.    The detailed rundown on the Kansas City scoring in the sixth went like this:    Lumpe worked a walk as the first batter to face Hyde and romped around as Siebern blasted Hyde's next toss 415 feet over the scoreboard in right center. CAREY SINGLES Carey singled on a slow-bouncing ball to short which Robinson cut across to field and threw wide to first. It was ruled a difficult chance and a hit.    Then Throneberry rapped into a fast double play. Breeding to Adair to Gentile, setting up Tuttle's 390-foot homer over the wall in left center.    If the Orioles are to break their losing streak within the next two days, it will have to be at the expense of the American League champion New York Yankees, who come in here tomorrow for a night game and a single test Sunday afternoon. _MIAMI, FLA&, MARCH 17_    - The flavor of Baltimore's Florida Grapefruit League news ripened considerably late today when the Orioles were advised that Ron Hansen has fulfilled his obligations under the Army's military training program and is ready for belated spring training.    Hansen, who slugged the 1960 Oriole high of 22 homers and drove in 86 runs on a .255 freshman average, completes the Birds' spring squad at 49 players.    The big, 22-year-old shortstop, the 1960 American league "rookie-of-the year", flew here late this afternoon from Baltimore, signed his contract for an estimated $15,000 and was a spectator at tonight's 5-to-3 loss to Kansas City- the winless Birds' sixth setback in a row. 15 POUNDS LIGHTER The 6-foot 3 inch Hansen checked in close to 200 pounds, 15 pounds lighter than his reporting weight last spring. He hopes to melt off an additional eight pounds before the Flock breaks camp three weeks hence.    When he was inducted into the Army at Fort Knox, Ky&, Hansen's weight had dropped to 180- "too light for me to be at my best" he said.    "I feel good physically", Hansen added, "but I think I'll move better carrying a little less weight than I'_AUSTIN, TEXAS_    - A Texas halfback who doesn't even know the team's plays, Eldon Moritz, ranks fourth in Southwest Conference scoring after three games.    Time stands still every time Moritz, a 26-year-old Army Signal Corps veteran, goes into the field. Although he never gets to play while the clock is running, he gets a big kick- several every Saturday, in fact- out of football.    Moritz doesn't even have a nose guard or hip pads but he's one of the most valuable members of the Longhorn team that will be heavily favored Saturday over Oklahoma in the Cotton Bowl.    That's because he already has kicked 14 extra points in 15 tries. He ran his string of successful conversions this season to 13 straight before one went astray last Saturday night in the 41-8 slaughter of Washington State.    Moritz is listed on the Longhorn roster as a right halfback, the position at which he lettered on the 1956 team. But ask coach Darrell Royal what position he plays and you'll get the quick response, "place-kicker".    A 208-pound, 6-foot 1-inch senior from Stamford, Moritz practices nothing but place-kicking. Last year, when he worked out at halfback all season, he didn't get into a single game.    "This year, coach Royal told me if I'd work on my place-kicking he thought he could use me", said Moritz. "So I started practicing on it in spring training.    Moritz was bothered during the first two games this year by a pulled muscle in the thigh of his right (kicking) leg and, as a result, several of his successful conversions have gone barely far enough.    Moritz said Monday his leg feels fine and, as a result, he hopes to start practicing field goals this week. He kicked several while playing at Stamford High School, including one that beat Anson, 3-0, in a 1953 district game.    "I kicked about 110 extra points in 135 tries during three years in high school", he said, "and made 26 in a row at one time. I never did miss one in a playoff game- I kicked about 20 in the five playoff games my last two years".    Moritz came to Texas in 1954 but his freshman football efforts were hampered by a knee injury. He missed the 1955 season because of an operation on the ailing knee, then played 77 minutes in 1956. His statistical record that year, when Texas won only one game and lost nine, was far from impressive: he carried the ball three times for a net gain of 10 yards, punted once for 39 yards and caught one pass for 13 yards.    He went into the Army in March, 1957, and returned two years later. But he was scholastically ineligible in 1959 and merely present last season.    Place kicking is largely a matter of timing, Moritz declared.    "Once you get the feel of it, there's not much to it. I've tried to teach some of the other boys to kick and some of them can't seem to get the feel. Practice helps you to get your timing down.    "It's kind of like golf- if you don't swing a club very often, your timing gets off".    Moritz, however, kicks only about 10 or 12 extra points during each practice session.    "If you kick too much, your leg gets kinda dead", he explained. @ _FOOTNOTES:_    In their first three games, the Longhorns have had the ball 41 times and scored 16 times, or 40 per cent their total passing yardage in three games, 447 on 30 completions in 56 attempts, is only 22 yards short of their total passing yardage in 1959, when they made 469 on 37 completions in 86 tries. Tailback James Saxton already has surpassed his rushing total for his brilliant sophomore season, when he netted 271 yards on 55 carries; he now has 273 yards in 22 tries during three games. Saxton has made only one second-half appearance this season and that was in the Washington State game, for four plays: he returned the kickoff 30 yards, gained five yards through the line and then uncorked a 56-yard touchdown run before retiring to the bench. Wingback Jack Collins injured a knee in the Washington State game but insists he'll be ready for Oklahoma. Last week, when Royal was informed that three Longhorns were among the conference's top four in rushing, he said: "That won't last long". It didn't; Monday, he had four Longhorns in the top four.    A good feeling prevailed on the ~SMU coaching staff Monday, but attention quickly turned from Saturday's victory to next week's problem: Rice University. The Mustangs don't play this week.    "We're just real happy for the players", Coach Bill Meek said of the 9-7 victory over the Air Force Academy. "I think the big thing about the game was that our kids for the third straight week stayed in there pitching and kept the pressure on. It was the first time we've been ahead this season (when John Richey kicked what proved to be the winning field goal)".    Assistant coach John Cudmore described victory as "a good feeling, I think, on the part of the coaches and the players. We needed it and we got it".    Meek expressed particular gratification at the defensive performances of end Happy Nelson and halfback Billy Gannon. Both turned in top jobs for the second straight game.    "Nelson played magnificent football", Meek praised. "He knocked down the interference and made key stops lots of times. And he caused the fumble that set up our touchdown. He broke that boy (Air Force fullback Nick Arshinkoff) in two and knocked him loose from the football".    Gannon contributed saving plays on the Falcons' aerial thrusts in the late stages.    One was on a fourth-down screen pass from the Mustang 21 after an incomplete pass into Gannon's territory.    "As soon as it started to form, Gannon spotted it", Meek said. "He timed it just right and broke through there before the boy (halfback Terry Isaacson) had time to turn around. He really crucified him. He nailed it for a yard loss".    The Air Force's,   Rookie Ron Nischwitz continued his pinpoint pitching Monday night as the Bears made it two straight over Indianapolis, 5-3.    The husky 6-3, 205-pound lefthander, was in command all the way before an on-the-scene audience of only 949 and countless of television viewers in the Denver area.    It was Nischwitz' third straight victory of the new season and ran the Grizzlies' winning streak to four straight. They now lead Louisville by a full game on top of the American Association pack.    Nischwitz fanned six and walked only Charley Hinton in the third inning. He has given only the one pass in his 27 innings, an unusual characteristic for a southpaw.    The Bears took the lead in the first inning, as they did in Sunday's opener, and never lagged.    Dick McAuliffe cracked the first of his two doubles against Lefty Don Rudolph to open the Bear's attack. After Al Paschal gruonded out, Jay Cooke walked and Jim McDaniel singled home McAuliffe. Alusik then moved Cooke across with a line drive to left. Jay Porter drew a base on balls to fill the bases but Don Wert's smash was knocked down by Rudolph for the putout.    The Bears added two more in the fifth when McAuliffe dropped a double into the leftfield corner, Paschal doubled down the rightfield line and Cooke singled off Phil Shartzer's glove.    Nischwitz was working on a 3-hitter when the Indians bunched three of their eight hits for two runs in the sixth. Chuck Hinton tripled to the rightfield corner, Cliff Cook and Dan Pavletich singled and Gaines' infielder roller accounted for the tallies.    The Bears added their last run in the sixth on Alusik's double and outfield flies by Porter and Wert.    Gaines hammered the ball over the left fence for the third Indianapolis run in the ninth.    Despite the 45-degree weather the game was clicked off in 1:48, thanks to only three bases on balls and some good infield play.    Chico Ruiz made a spectacular play on Alusik's grounder in the hole in the fourth and Wert came up with some good stops and showed a strong arm at third base. BINGLES AND BOBBLES: Cliff Cook accounted for three of the Tribe's eight hits. It was the season's first night game and an obvious refocusing of the lights are in order. The infield was well flooded but the expanded outfield was much too dark. Mary Dobbs Tuttle was back at the organ. Among the spectators was the noted exotic dancer, Patti Waggin who is Mrs& Don Rudolph when off the stage. Lefty Wyman Carey, another Denver rookie, will be on the mound against veteran John Tsitouris at 8 o'clock Tuesday night. Ed Donnelly is still bothered by a side injury and will miss his starting turn. _DALLAS, TEX&, MAY 1- (~AP)_    - Kenny Lane of Muskegon, Mich&, world's seventh ranked lightweight, had little trouble in taking a unanimous decision over Rip Randall of Tyler, Tex&, here Monday night. _ST& PAUL-MINNEAPOLIS, MAY 1- (~AP)_    - Billy Gardner's line double, which just eluded the diving Minnie Minoso in left field, drove in Jim Lemon with the winning run with two out in the last of the ninth to give the Minnesota Twins a 6-5 victory over the Chicago White Sox Monday.    Lemon was on with his fourth single of the game, a liner to center. He came all the way around on Gardner's hit before 5777 fans. It was Gardner's second run batted in of the game and his only ones of the year.    Turk Lown was tagged with the loss, his second against no victories, while Ray Moore won his second game against a single loss.    The Twins tied the score in the sixth inning when Reno Bertoia beat out a high chopper to third base and scored on Lenny Green's double to left.    The White Sox had taken a 5-4 lead in the top of the sixth on a pair of pop fly hits- a triple by Roy Sievers and single by Camilo Carreon- a walk and a sacrifice fly.    Jim Landis' 380-foot home run over left in the first inning gave the Sox a 1-0 lead, but Harmon Killebrew came back in the bottom of the first with his second homer in two days with the walking Bob Allison aboard.    Al Smith's 340-blast over left in the fourth- his fourth homer of the campaign- tied the score and Carreon's first major league home run in the fifth put the Sox back in front.    A double by Green, Allison's run-scoring 2-baser, an infield single by Lemon and Gardner's solid single to center put the Twins back in front in the last of the fifth. _OGDEN, UTAH, MAY 1- (~AP)_    - Boston Red Sox Outfielder Jackie Jensen said Monday night he was through playing baseball.    "I've had it", he told a newsman. "I know when my reflexes are gone and I'm not going to be any 25th man on the ball club".    This was the first word from Jensen on his sudden walkout.    Jensen got only six hits in 46 at-bats for a .130 batting average in the first 12 games.    He took a midnight train out of Cleveland Saturday, without an official word to anybody, and has stayed away from newsmen on his train trip across the nation to Reno, Nev&, where his wife, former Olympic Diving Champion Zoe Ann Olsen, awaited.    She said, when she learned Jackie was heading home: "I'm just speculating, but I have to think Jack feels he's hurting Boston's chances".    The Union Pacific Railroad streamliner, City of San Francisco, stopped in Ogden, Utah, for a few minutes. Sports Writer Ensign Ritchie of the Ogden Standard Examiner went to his compartment to talk with him.    The conductor said to Ritchie: "I don't think you want to talk to him. You'll probably get a ball bat on the head. He's mad at the world".    But Jackie had gone into the station. Ritchie walked up to him at the magazine stand.    "I told him who I was and he was quite cold. But he warmed up after a while. I told him what Liston h_PHILADELPHIA, JAN& 23_    - Nick Skorich, the line coach for the football champion Philadelphia Eagles, was elevated today to head coach.    Skorich received a three-year contract at a salary believed to be between $20,000 and $25,000 a year. He succeeds Buck Shaw, who retired at the end of last season.    The appointment was announced at a news conference at which Skorich said he would retain two members of Shaw's staff- Jerry Williams and Charlie Gauer.    Williams is a defensive coach. Gauer works with the ends. CHOICE WAS EXPECTED The selection had been expected. Skorich was considered the logical choice after the club gave Norm Van Brocklin permission to seek the head coaching job with the Minnesota Vikings, the newest National Football League entry.    Van Brocklin, the quarterback who led the Eagles to the title, was signed by the Vikings last Wednesday. Philadelphia permitted him to seek a better connection after he had refused to reconsider his decision to end his career as a player.    With Skorich at the helm, the Eagles are expected to put more emphasis on running, rather than passing. In the past the club depended largely on Van Brocklin's aerials.    Skorich, however, is a strong advocate of a balanced attack- split between running and passing. COACH PLAYED 3 YEARS Skorich, who is 39 years old, played football at Cincinnati University and then had a three-year professional career as a lineman under Jock Sutherland with the Pittsburgh Steelers.    An injury forced Skorich to quit after the 1948 season. He began his coaching career at Pittsburgh Central Catholic High School in 1949. He remained there for four years before moving to Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in Troy, N& Y&. He was there one season before rejoining the Steelers as an assistant coach.    Four years later he resigned to take a similar job with the Green Bay Packers. The Eagles signed him for Shaw's staff in 1959.    Skorich began his new job auspiciously today. At a ceremony in the reception room of Mayor Richardson Dilworth, the Eagles were honored for winning the championship.    Shaw and Skorich headed a group of players, coaches and team officials who received an engrossed copy of an official city citation and a pair of silver cufflinks shaped like a football.    With the announcement of a "special achievement award" to William A& (Bill) Shea, the awards list was completed yesterday for Sunday night's thirty-eighth annual dinner and show of the New York Chapter, Baseball Writers' Association of America, at the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel.    Shea, the chairman of Mayor Wagner's Baseball Committee, will be joined on the dais by Warren Spahn, the southpaw pitching ace of the Milwaukee Braves; Frank Graham, the Journal-American sports columnist; Bill Mazeroski, the World Series hero of the Pittsburgh Pirates, and Casey Stengel, the former manager of the Yankees.    Stengel will receive the Ben Epstein Good Guy Award. Mazeroski, whose homer beat the Yankees in the final series game, will receive the Babe Ruth Award as the outstanding player in the 1960 world series.    Graham will be recognized for his meritorious service to baseball and will get the William J& Slocum Memorial Award. To Spahn will go the Sid Mercer Memorial Award as the chapter's player of the year. SHOW FOLLOWS CEREMONIES A crowd of 1,400 is expected for the ceremonies, which will be followed by the show in which the writers will lampoon baseball personalities in skit, dance and song.    The 53-year-old Shea, a prominent corporation lawyer with a sports background, is generally recognized as the man most responsible for the imminent return of a National League club to New York. Named by Mayor Wagner three years ago to head a committee that included James A& Farley, Bernard Gimbel and Clint Blume, Shea worked relentlessly.    His goal was to obtain a National League team for this city. The departure of the Giants and the Dodgers to California left New York with only the Yankees.    Despite countless barriers and disappointments, Shea moved forward. When he was unable to bring about immediate expansion, he sought to convince another National League club to move here.    When that failed, he enlisted Branch Rickey's aid in the formation of a third major league, the Continental, with New York as the key franchise. The Continental League never got off the ground, but after two years it forced the existing majors to expand. FLUSHING STADIUM IN WORKS The New York franchise is headed by Mrs& Charles Shipman Payson. A big-league municipal stadium at Flushing Meadow Park is in the works, and once the lease is signed the local club will be formally recognized by Commissioner Ford C& Frick. Shea's efforts figure prominently in the new stadium.    Shea and his wife, Nori, make their home at Sands Point, L& I&. Bill Jr&, 20; Kathy, 15, and Patricia, 9, round out the Shea family.    Shea was born in Manhattan. He attended New York University before switching to Georgetown University in Washington. He played basketball there while working toward a law degree.    Later, Shea owned and operated the Long Island Indians, a minor league professional football team. He was the lawyer for Ted Collins' old Boston Yankees in the National Football League. @ All was quiet in the office of the Yankees and the local National Leaguers yesterday. On Friday, Roger Maris, the Yankee outfielder and winner of the American League's most-valuable-player award, will meet with Roy Hamey, the general manager. Maris is in line for a big raise.    Arnold Palmer and Sam Snead will be among those honored at the national awards dinner of the Metropolitan Golf Writers Association tonight. The dinner will be held at the Hotel Pierre.    Palmer, golf's leading money-winner in 1960, and Snead will be saluted as the winning team in the Canada Cup matches last June in Dublin. Deane Beman, the National Amateur champion, and all the metropolitan district champions, including Bob Gardner, the amateur title-holder, also will receive awards.     If the Cardinals heed Manager Gene Mauch of the Phillies, they won't be misled by the Pirates' slower start this season.    "Pittsburgh definitely is the team to beat", Mauch said here the other day. "The Pirates showed they could outclass the field last year. They have the same men, no age problem, no injuries and they also have Vinegar Bend Mizell for the full season, along with Bobby Shantz".    Tonight at 8 o'clock the Cardinals, who gave the Pirates as much trouble as anyone did in 1960, breaking even with them, will get their first 1961 shot at baseball's world champions. The Pirates have a 9-6 record this year and the Redbirds are 7-9. CHANGE IN PITCHERS. Solly Hemus announced a switch in his starting pitcher, from Bob Gibson to Ernie Broglio, for several reasons: 1. Broglio's 4-0 won-lost record and 1.24 earned-run mark against Pittsburgh a year ago; 2. The desire to give Broglio as many starts as possible; 3. The Redbirds' disheartening 11-7 collapse against the Phillies Sunday.    Manager Hemus, eager to end a pitching slump that has brought four losses in the five games on the current home stand, moved Gibson to the Wednesday night starting assignment. After Thursday's open date, Solly plans to open with Larry Jackson against the Cubs here Friday night.    Harvey Haddix, set back by the flu this season, will start against his former Cardinal mates, who might be playing without captain Kenny Boyer in tonight's game at Busch Stadium. Boyer is suffering from a stiff neck.    Haddix has a 13-8 record against the Redbirds, despite only a 1-3 mark in 1960.    Pirate Manager Danny Murtaugh said he hadn't decided between Mizell and Vern Law for Wednesday's game. Mizell has won both of his starts. NIEMAN KEPT IN LINEUP. After a lengthy workout yesterday, an open date, Hemus said that Bob Nieman definitely would stay in the lineup. That means Stan Musial probably will ride the bench on the seventh anniversary of his record five-home run day against the Giants.    "I have to stay with Nieman for a while", Hemus said. "Bill White (sore ankles) should be ready. With a lefthander going for Pittsburgh, I may use Don Taussig in center".    "Lindy McDaniel threw batting practice about 25 minutes, and he looked good", Hemus said. "He should be getting back in the groove before long. Our pitching is much better than it has shown".    The statistics hardly indicated that the Pirates needed extra batting practice, but Murtaugh also turned his men loose at Busch Stadium yesterday. SIX BUCKS OVER .300. Until the Bucs' bats quieted down a bit in Cincinnati over the weekend, the champions had eight men hitting over .300. Despite the recession, Pittsburgh came into town with this imposing list of averages: Smoky Burgess .455, Gino Cimoli .389, Bill Virdon .340, Bob Clemente and Dick Groat, each .323, Dick Stuart .306, Don Hoak .280 and Bob Skinner .267.    Bill Mazeroski with .179 and Hal Smith with .143 were the only Pirates dragging their feet.    Perhaps the Pirate who will be the unhappiest over the news that Musial probably will sit out most of the series is Bob Friend, who was beaten by The Man twice last season on dramatic home runs. Friend is off to a great start with a 4-0 record but isn't likely to see action here this week.    "We're getting Friend some runs for a change, and he has been pitching good", Murtaugh said. "Virdon has been blasting the ball. No plunkers for him". SIX BUCS OVER .300. The Pirates jumped off to an 11-3 start by May 1 last year, when the Redbirds as well as the Dodgers held them even over the season. On last May 1, the Cardinals stood at 7-6, ending a two-season fall-off on that milestone. In 1958, the Birds were 3-10 on May 1. A year later they were 4-13.    Since 1949, the St& Louis club has been below .500 on May 1 just four times. The '49 team was off to a so-so 5-5 beginning, then fell as low as 12-17 on May 23 before finishing with 96 victories.    The '52 Cards were 6-7 on May 1 but ended with 88 triumphs, the club's top since 1949. Then last season the Birds tumbled as low as 11-18 on May 19 before recovering to make a race of it and total 86 victories.    Since 1949, the only National League club that got off to a hot start and made a runaway of the race was the '55 Dodger team. Those Dodgers won their first 10 games and owned a 21-2 mark and a nine-game lead by May 8. The club that overcame the worst start in a comparable period to win the pennant was New York's '51 Giants, who dropped 11 of their first 13.    They honored the battling Billikens last night. Speakers at a Tipoff Club dinner dealt lavish praise to a group of St& Louis University players who, in the words of Coach John Benington, "had more confidence in themselves than I did".    The most valuable player award was split three ways, among Glen Mankowski, Gordon Hartweger and Tom Kieffer. In addition, a special award was given to Bob (Bevo) Nordmann, the 6-foot-10 center who missed much of the season because of a knee injury.    "You often hear people talk about team spirit and that sort of thing", Benington said in a conversation after the ceremonies, "but what this team had was a little different. The boys had a tremendous respect for each other's ability. They knew what they could do and it was often a little more than I thought they could do.    "Several times I found the players pepping me up, where it usually is the coach who is supposed to deliver the fight talk. We'd be losing at halftime to a good team and Hartweger would say, 'Don't worry, Coach- we'll get 'em all right'".    The trio who shared the most-valuable honors were introduced by Bob Broeg, sports editor of the Post-Dispatch.    Kieffer, the only junior in the group, was commended for his ability to hit in the clutch, as well as his all-round excellent play.    M   Romantic news concerns Mrs& Joan Monroe Armour and F& Lee H& Wendell, who are to be married at 4:30 p& m& tomorrow in the Lake Forest home of her brother, J& Hampton Monroe, and Mrs& Monroe. Only the families and a dozen close friends will be present.    The bride's brother, Walter D& Monroe Jr&, will give her in marriage. In the small group will be the junior and senior Mrs& Walter Monroe; the bridegroom's parents, the Barrett Wendells, who are returning from a winter holiday in Sarasota, Fla&, for the occasion; and his brother, Mr& Wendell Jr&, and his wife, who will arrive from Boston. Mr& Wendell Jr& will be best man.    Also present will be the bride's children, Joan, 13, and Kirkland, 11. Their father is Charles B& Armour. The bridegroom's children were here for the Christmas holidays and can't return. Young Peter Wendell, a student at the Westminster school, has measles, and his sister, Mrs& Andrew Thomas, and her husband, who live in Missoula, Mont&, have a new baby. Their mother is Mrs& Camilla Alsop Wendell.    Mr& Wendell and his bride will live in his Lake Forest house. They will take a wedding trip later. 'BACK WITH THE MET' "We are back with the 'Met' again now that the 'Met' is back in Chicago", bulletins Mrs& Frank S& Sims, president of the women's board of the University of Chicago Cancer Research Foundation. The New York Metropolitan Opera Company will be here in May, and the board will sponsor the Saturday night, May 13, performance of "Turandot" as a benefit. Birgit Nilsson will be starred.    "Housed in the new McCormick Place theater, this should prove to be an exciting evening", adds Mrs& Sims. The board's last money raising event was a performance by Harry Belafonte- "quite off-beat for this group", decided some of the members. Mrs& Henry T& Sulcer of Winnetka, a new board member, will be chairman of publicity for the benefit. Her husband recently was appointed vice president of the university, bringing them back here from the east. PARICHY-HAMM Because of the recent death of the bride's father, Frederick B& Hamm, the marriage of Miss Terry Hamm to John Bruce Parichy will be a small one at noon tomorrow in St& Bernadine's church, Forest Park. A small reception will follow in the Oak Park Arms hotel.    Mrs& Hamm will not come from Vero Beach, Fla&, for the wedding. However, Mr& Parichy and his bride will go to Vero Beach on their wedding trip, and will stay in the John G& Beadles' beach house. The Beadles formerly lived in Lake Forest.    Harvey B& Stevens of Kenilworth will give his niece in marriage. Mr& and Mrs& Stevens and the bride's other uncles and aunts, the Rush C& Butlers, the Homer E& Robertsons, and the David Q& Porters, will give the bridal dinner tonight in the Stevenses' home. HERE AND THERE The Chicago Press club will fete George E& Barnes, president of the United States Lawn Tennis association, at a cocktail party and buffet supper beginning at 5:30 p& m& tomorrow. Later, a bus will carry members to the Chicago Stadium to see Jack Kramer's professional tennis matches at 8 p& m&.    With loud huzzahs for the artistic success of the Presbyterian-St& Luke's Fashion show still ringing in her ears, its director, Helen Tieken Geraghty [Mrs& Maurice P& Geraghty] is taking off tomorrow on a 56 day world trip which should earn her even greater acclaim as director of entertainment for next summer's International Trade fair. Armed with letters from embassies to ministers of countries, especially those in the near and far east, Mrs& Geraghty "will beat the bushes for oriental talent".    "We [the Chicago Association of Commerce and Industry] expect to establish closer relations with nations and their cultural activities, and it will be easy as a member of the fair staff to bring in acts", explains Mrs& Geraghty. "For instance, Djakarta, Indonesia, has three groups of dancers interested in coming here. I'm even going to try to get the whirling dervishes of Damascus"!    The last obstacle in Mrs& Geraghty's globe-girdling trip was smoothed out when a representative of Syria called upon her to explain that his brother would meet her at the border of that country- so newly separated from Egypt and the United Arab Republic that she hadn't been able to obtain a visa. FIRST, HONOLULU Honolulu will be Mrs& Geraghty's first stop. Then Japan, Hong Kong, Manila, India, Pakistan, Damascus, Beirut, and to Rome, London, and Paris "to look over wonderful talent".    Dec& 22 is the deadline for Mrs& Geraghty's return; the Geraghtys' youngest daughter, Molly, bows in the Passavant Debutante Cotillion the next night. Molly already has her cotillion gown, and it's fitted, says her mother. Also, invitations have been addressed to Molly's debut tea the afternoon of Dec& 29 in the Arts club.    It won't be a "tea", however, but more of an international folk song festival, with singers from Chicago's foreign groups to sing Christmas songs from around the world. The international theme will be continued with the Balkan strings playing for a dinner the Byron Harveys will give in the Racquet club after the tea. Miss Abra Prentice's debut supper dance in the Casino will wind up the day. BURKE-ROSTAGNO The Richard S& Burkes' home in Wayne may be the setting for the wedding reception for their daughter, Helen Lambert, and the young Italian she met last year while studying in Florence during her junior year at Smith college. He is Aldo Rostagno, son of the Guglielmo Rostagnos of Florence whom the Burkes met last year in Europe. The Burkes, who now live in Kankakee, are telling friends of the engagement.    Miss Burke, a graduate of Miss Hall's school, stayed on in Florence as a career girl. Her fiance, who is with a publishing firm, translates many books from English into Italian. He will be coming here on business in December, when the wedding is to take place in Wayne. Miss Burke will arrive in December also. HERE AND THERE A farewell supper   After being closed for seven months, the Garden of the Gods Club will have its gala summer opening Saturday, June 3.    Music for dancing will be furnished by Allen Uhles and his orchestra, who will play each Saturday during June.    Members and guests will be in for an added surprise with the new wing containing 40 rooms and suites, each with its own private patio.    Gene Marshall, genial manager of the club, has announced that the Garden of the Gods will open to members Thursday, June 1.    Beginning July 4, there will be an orchestra playing nightly except Sunday and Monday for the summer season.    Mrs& J& Edward Hackstaff and Mrs& Paul Luette are planning a luncheon next week in honor of Mrs& J& Clinton Bowman, who celebrates her birthday on Tuesday.    Mr& and Mrs& Jerry Chase announce the birth of a daughter, Sheila, on Wednesday in Mercy Hospital.    Grandparents are Mr& and Mrs& Robert L& Chase and Mr& and Mrs& Guy Mullenax of Kittredge.    Mrs& Chase is the former Miss Mary Mullenax. BACK TO W& COAST Mrs& McIntosh Buell will leave Sunday to return to her home in Santa Barbara, Calif&, after spending a week in her Polo Grounds home.    Mrs& John C& Vroman Jr& of Manzanola is spending several days in her Sherman Plaza apartment.    Mr& and Mrs& Merrill Shoup have returned to their home in Colorado Springs after spending a few days at the Brown Palace Hotel.    Brig& Gen& and Mrs& Robert F& McDermott will entertain at a black tie dinner Wednesday, May 3, in the Officers' Club at the Air Force Academy. COCKTAIL PARTY Mr& and Mrs& Piero de Luise will honor Italian Consul and Mrs& Emilio Bassi at a cocktail party Tuesday, May 2, from 6 to 8 p&m& in their home. The Bassis are leaving soon for their new post.    There will be a stag dinner Friday evening at the Denver Country Club which will precede the opening of the 1961 golf season.    Cocktails will be served from 6 to 7 p&m&, with dinner at 7 and entertainment in the main dining room immediately following.    Miss Betsy Parker was one of the speakers on the panel of the Eastern Women's Liberal Arts College panel on Wednesday evening in the Security Life Bldg&.    Guests were juniors in the public high schools. FASHION SHOW The committee for the annual Central City fashion show has been announced by Mrs& D& W& Moore, chairman.    The event, staged yearly by Neusteters, will be held in the Opera House Wednesday, Aug& 16. It will be preceded by luncheon in the Teter House.    Mrs& Roger Mead is head of the luncheon table decorations Mrs& Stanley Wright is ticket chairman and Mrs& Theodore Pate is in charge of publicity.    Members of the committee include Mrs& Milton Bernet, Mrs& J& Clinton Bowman, Mrs& Rollie W& Bradford, Mrs& Samuel Butler Jr&, Mrs& Donald Carr Campbell, Mrs& Douglas Carruthers, Mrs& John C& Davis /3,, Mrs& Cris Dobbins, Mrs& William E& Glass, Mrs& Alfred Hicks /2,, Mrs& Donald Magarrell, Mrs& Willett Moore, Mrs& Myron Neusteter, Mrs& Richard Gibson Smith, Mrs& James S& Sudier /2, and Mrs& Thomas Welborn.    The first committee meeting will be held on May 19.    Mr& and Mrs& Andrew S& Kelsey of Washington, D&C&, announce the birth of a daughter, Kira Ann Kelsey, on Monday in Washington, D&C&.    Grandparents are Mr& and Mrs& R&L& Rickenbaugh and Mr& and Mrs& E&O& Kelsey of Scarsdale, N&Y&.    Mrs& Kelsey is the former Miss Ann Rickenbaugh.    A cheery smile, a compassionate interest in others and a practical down-to-earth approach.    Those qualities make Esther Marr a popular asset at the Salvation Army's Social Center at 1200 Larimer st&.    The pert, gray-haired woman who came to Denver three years ago from Buffalo, N&Y&, is a "civilian" with the Army.    Her position covers a number of daily tasks common to any social director. The job also covers a number of other items.    "Mom" Marr, as the more than 80 men at the center call her, is the link that helps to bridge the gulf between alcoholics and the outside world and between parolees and society.    Her day starts early, but no matter how many pressing letters there are to be written (and during May, which is National Salvation Army Week, there are plenty), schedules to be made or problems to be solved, Mrs& Marr's office is always open and the welcome mat is out.    MRS& Marr is the first contact a Skid Row figure talks to after he decides he wants to pick himself up.    She sees that there is a cup of steaming hot coffee awaiting him and the two chat informally as she presents the rules of the center and explains procedures.    "Usually at this point a man is withdrawn from society and one of my jobs is to see that he relearns to mingle with his fellow men", Mrs& Marr explained.    The Denverite has worked out an entire program to achieve this using the facilities of the center.    "And I bum tickets to everything I can", she said. "I've become the greatest beggar in the world".    In addition to the tickets to the movies, sporting events and concerts, Mrs& Marr lines up candy and cookies because alcoholics require a lot of sweets to replace the sugar in their system.    Mrs& Marr also has a number of parolees to "mother", watching to see that they do not break their parole and that they also learn to readjust to society.    By mid-June, millions of Americans will take to the road on vacation trips up and down and back and forth across this vast and lovely land.    In another four weeks, with schools closed across the nation, the great all-American summer safari will be under way. By July 1, six weeks from now, motel-keepers all over the nation will, by 6 p&m&, be switching on that bleak- to motorists- sign, "No Vacancy".    No matter how many Americans go abroad in summer, probably a hundred times as many gas up the family car, throw suitcases, kids and comic books in the ba   "A Night in New Orleans" is the gayety planned by members of the Thrift Shop Committee for May 6 at Philmont Country Club. The women have a reputation for giving parties that are different and are fun and this year's promises to follow in this fine tradition. Mrs& H& J& Grinsfelder is chairman.    The Louisiana city is known, of course, for its fine food, good music and its colorful hospitality "and, when guests arrive at Philmont that night", says Mrs& Grinsfelder, "that is exactly what we expect to offer them. We've been working for weeks. The prospects look great. We are keeping a number of surprises under our hats. But we can't tell it all now and then have no new excitement later". BASIN STREET BEAT But she does indicate festivities will start early, that a jazz combo will "give with the Basin Street beat" during the cocktail and dinner hours and that Lester Lanin's orchestra will take over during the dancing.    As for food, Mrs& Henry Louchheim, chairman of this phase, is a globetrotter who knows good food. "New Orleans"? she says, "of course I've had the best. It is just bad luck that we are having the party in a month with no ~R's, so no oysters. But we have lots of other New Orleans specialties. I know they will be good. We've tried them out on the club chef- or say, he has tried them out on us and we have selected the best". SCENIC EFFECTS Guests will be treated to Gulf Coast scenic effects. There will be masses of flowers, reproductions of the handsome old buildings with their grillwork and other things that are typical of New Orleans. Mrs& Harry K& Cohen is chairman of this phase and she is getting an artistic assist from A& Van Hollander, display director of Gimbel Brothers.    The gala is the Thrift Shop's annual bundle party and, as all Thrift Shop friends know, that means the admission is a bundle of used clothing in good condition, contributions of household equipment, bric-a-brac and such to stock the shelves at the shop's headquarters at 1213 Walnut St&. BUNDLE CENTERS For the convenience of guests bundle centers have been established throughout the city and suburbs where the donations may be deposited between now and the date of the big event. In addition to the bundles, guests pay the cost of their dinners. Members of the young set who would like to come to the party only during the dancing time are welcomed.    The Thrift Shop, with Mrs& Bernhard S& Blumenthal as president, is one of the city's most successful fund-raisers for the Federation of Jewish Agencies. Some idea of the competence of the women is indicated in the contribution made by them during the past 25 years that totals $840,000. IT'S BIG BUSINESS "Big business, this little Thrift Shop business", say the members. For most of the 25 years the operation was under feminine direction. In the past few years the men, mostly husbands of members, have taken an interest. Louis Glazer is chairman of the men's committee that, among other jobs, takes over part of the responsibility for staffing the shop during its evening hours.    Mrs& Theodore Kapnek is vice chairman of the committee for the gala. Mrs& Richard Newburger is chairman of hostesses.    Mrs& Arthur Loeb is making arrangements for a reception; Mrs& Joan Lichtenstein, for publicity; Mrs& Harry M& Rose, Jr&, for secretarial duties; Mrs& Ralph Taussig, for junior aides; Mr& and Mrs& B& Lewis Kaufnabb, for senior aides, and Mrs& Samuel P& Weinberg, for the bundles.    In addition, Mr& and Mrs& Allan Goodman are controllers, Mrs& Paul Stone is treasurer and Mrs& Albert Quell is in charge of admittance for the dancing at 9 P& M&.    Besides the bundle centers where contributions may be made there will be facilities at Philmont Country Club for those who would like to bring the bundles on the night of the party.    The women's committee of St& David's Church will hold its annual pre-Fair pink parade, a dessert bridge and fashion show at 1 P& M& on Monday, April 17, in the chapel assembly room, Wayne.    Mrs& Robert O& Spurdle is chairman of the committee, which includes Mrs& James A& Moody, Mrs& Frank C& Wilkinson, Mrs& Ethel Coles, Mrs& Harold G& Lacy, Mrs& Albert W& Terry, Mrs& Henry M& Chance, 2d, Mrs& Robert O& Spurdle, Jr&, Mrs& Harcourt N& Trimble, Jr&, Mrs& John A& Moller, Mrs& Robert Zeising, Mrs& William G& Kilhour, Mrs& Hughes Cauffman, Mrs& John L& Baringer and Mrs& Clyde Newman.    The fashion show, by Natalie Collett will have Mrs& John Newbold as commentator. Models will be Mrs& Samuel B& D& Baird, Mrs& William H& Meyle, Jr&, Mrs& Richard W& Hole, Mrs& William F& Harrity, Mrs& Robert O& Spurdle, Mrs& E& H& Kloman, Mrs& Robert W& Wolcott, Jr&, Mrs& Frederick C& Wheeler, Jr&, Mrs& William ~A Boyd, ~Mrs F& Vernon Putt.    Col& Clifton Lisle, of Chester Springs, who headed the Troop Committee for much of its second and third decades, is now an honorary member. Each year he invites the boys to camp out on his estate for one of their big week ends of the year.    The Troop is proud of its camping-out program- on year-round schedule and was continued even when sub-zero temperatures were registered during the past winter.    "We worry", say the mothers. "But there never is any need. The boys love it".    Mrs& John Charles Cotty is chairman of publicity for the country fair and Mrs& Francis G& Felske and Mrs& Francis Smythe, of posters. They all are of Wayne.    "Meet the Artist" is the invitation issued by members of the Greater Philadelphia Section of the National Council of Jewish Women as they arrange for an annual exhibit and sale of paintings and sculpture at the Philmont Country Club on April 8 and 9.    A preview party for sponsors of the event and for the artists is set for April 8. The event will be open to the public the following day. Proceeds will be used by the section to further its program in science, education and social action on local, national and international   The Baltimore and Ohio Railroad announced yesterday it would reduce the total amount of its payroll by 10 per cent through salary cuts and lay-offs effective at 12.01 A&M& next Saturday. The current monthly payroll comes to about $15,000,000.    Howard E& Simpson, the railroad's president, said, "A drastic decline in freight loading due principally to the severe slump in the movement of heavy goods has necessitated this regrettable action".    The reduction in expenses will affect employees in the thirteen states in which the B& + O& operates. SALARY CUT AND LAY-OFFS It will be accomplished in two ways: _1._    A flat reduction of 10 per cent in the salary of all officers, supervisors and other employees not belonging to unions. There are about 3,325 officers and employees in this class. _2._    Sufficient lay-offs of union employees to bring about a 10 per cent cut in the union payroll expense.    Since the railroad cannot reduce the salary of individual union members under contract, it must accomplish its payroll reduction by placing some of the men on furlough, a B&+O& spokesman said.    Those union members kept on their jobs, therefore, will not take a cut in their wages.    The spokesman said the number to be furloughed cannot be estimated since the lay-offs must be carried out in each area depending on what men are most needed on the job.    A thug struck a cab driver in the face with a pistol last night after robbing him of $18 at Franklin and Mount streets.    The victim, Norman B& Wiley, 38, of the 900 block North Charles street, was treated for cuts at Franklin Square Hospital after the robbery.    The driver told police he followed as the Negro man got out of the cab with his money. The victim was beaten when he attempted to stop the bandit.    He said the assailant, who was armed with a .45-caliber automatic, entered the taxi at Pennsylvania avenue and Gold street.    In another attack, Samuel Verstandig, 41, proprietor of a food store in the 2100 block Aiken street, told police two Negroes assaulted him in his store and stole $150 from the cash register after choking and beating him.    A baby was burned to death and two other children were seriously injured last night in a fire which damaged their one-room Anne Arundel county home.    The victim Darnell Somerville, Negro, 1, was pronounced dead on arrival at Anne Arundel General Hospital in Annapolis.    His sister and brother, Marie Louise, 3, and John Raymond, Jr& 22 months, were admitted to the hospital. The girl was in critical condition with burns over 90 per cent of her body. BOY IN FAIR CONDITION The boy received second-degree burns of the face, neck and back. His condition was reported to be fair.    Police said the children's mother, Mrs& Eleanor Somerville, was visiting next door when the fire occurred.    The house is on Old Annapolis road a mile south of Severna Park, at Jones Station, police said. _ANNAPOLIS, JAN& 7_    - The Anne Arundel county school superintendent has asked that the Board of Education return to the practice of recording its proceedings mechanically so that there will be no more question about who said what.    The proposal was made by Dr& David S& Jenkins after he and Mrs& D& Ellwood Williams, Jr&, a board member and long-time critic of the superintendent, argued for about fifteen minutes at this week's meeting.    The disagreement was over what Dr& Jenkins had said at a previous session and how his remarks appeared in the minutes presented at the following meeting. CITES DISCREPANCIES Mrs& Williams had a list which she said contained about nine or ten discrepancies between her memory of Dr& Jenkins's conversation and how they were written up for the board's approval.    "I hate to have these things come up again and again", Dr& Jenkins commented as he made his suggestion. "These are the board's minutes. I'll write what you tell me to".    For a number of years the board used a machine to keep a permanent record but abandoned the practice about two years ago.    It was about that time, a board member said later, that Dr& Thomas G& Pullen, Jr&, State superintendent of schools, told Dr& Jenkins and a number of other education officials that he would not talk to them with a recording machine sitting in front of him.    The Board of County Commissioners, the Sanitary Commission, the Planning and Zoning Board and other county official bodies use recording machines for all public business in order to prevent law suits and other misunderstandings about what actually happened at their meetings.    Dr& Jenkins notes, however, that most of the school boards in the State do not do so.    State Senator Joseph A& Bertorelli (D&, First Baltimore) had a stroke yesterday while in his automobile in the 200 block of West Pratt street.    He was taken to University Hospital in a municipal ambulance.    Doctors at the hospital said he was partially paralyzed on the right side. His condition was said to be, "fair".    Police said he became ill while parked in front of a barber shop at 229 West Pratt street. BARBER SUMMONED He called Vincent L& Piraro, proprietor of the shop, who summoned police and an ambulance.    The vice president of the City Council complained yesterday that there are "deficiencies" in the city's snow clearing program which should be corrected as soon as possible.    Councilman William D& Schaefer (D&, Fifth) said in a letter to Mayor Grady that plowing and salting crews should be dispatched earlier in storms and should be kept on the job longer than they were last month. WERNER CRITICIZED Conceding that several cities to the north were in worse shape than Baltimore after the last storm, Mr& Schaefer listed several improvements he said should be made in the snow plan here.    He said the snow plan was put in effect too slowly in December. Equipment should be in operation "almost immediately after the first snowfall", Mr& Schaefer said.    The Councilman, who is the Administration floor leader, also criticized Bernard L& Werner, public works director, for "halting snow operations" on Tuesday night after the Sunday storm. SENT HOME FOR REST Mr& Werner said yest_LONDON, FEB& 9_    - Vital secrets of Britain's first atomic submarine, the Dreadnought, and, by implication, of the entire United States navy's still-building nuclear sub fleet, were stolen by a London-based soviet spy ring, secret service agents testified today.    The Dreadnought was built on designs supplied by the United States in 1959 and was launched last year. It is a killer sub- that is, a hunter of enemy subs. It has a hull patterned on that of the United States navy's Nautilus, the world's first atomic submarine. Its power unit, however, was derived from the reactor of the more modern American nuclear submarine Skipjack. FIVE HELD FOR TRIAL The announcement that the secrets of the Dreadnought had been stolen was made in Bow st& police court here at the end of a three day hearing. A full trial was ordered for:    Two British civil servants, Miss Ethel Gee, 46, and her newly devoted friend, Harry Houghton, 55, and divorced. They are accused of whisking secrets out of naval strongrooms over which they kept guard.    Gordon A& Lonsdale, 37, a mystery man presumed to be Russian altho he carries a Canadian passport. When arrested, he had the submarine secrets on a roll of candid camera film as well as anti-submarine secrets in Christmas gift wrapping, it was testified. FLASHED TO MOSCOW A shadowy couple who call themselves Peter Kroger, bookseller, and wife, Joyce.    [In Washington, the Federal Bureau of Investigation identified the Krogers as Morris and Lola Cohen, an American couple formerly of New York City.]    In their suburban cottage the crown charges, the Krogers received secrets from the mystery man, usually on the first Saturday evening of each month, and spent much of the week-end getting the secrets off to Moscow, either on a powerful transmitter buried under the kitchen floor or as dots posted over period marks in used books. Each dot on magnification resumed its original condition as a drawing, a printed page, or a manuscript.    All five pleaded innocent. Only Miss Gee asked for bail. Her young British lawyer, James Dunlop, pleaded that she was sorely needed at her Portland home by her widowed mother, 80, her maiden aunt, also 80 and bedridden for 20 years, and her uncle, 76, who once ran a candy shop. REFUSES TO GRANT BAIL "I am not prepared to grant bail to any of them", said the magistrate, K&J&P& Baraclough.    The trial will be held, probably the first week of March, in the famous Old Bailey central criminal court where Klaus Fuchs, the naturalized British German born scientist who succeeded in giving American and British atomic bomb secrets to Russia and thereby changed world history during the 1950s, was sentenced to 14 years in prison.    Fourteen years is the maximum penalty now faced by the new five, who may have altered history in the 1960s. Fuchs, after nine and a half years, was released, being given time off for good behavior. He promptly went to communist East Germany.    The magistrate tonight refused to return to the five $29,000 in American and British currency, mostly $20 bills, and in British government bonds and stocks.    "This is Russian money", said Mervin Griffith-Jones for the attorney general's office. He asserted that the Krogers were the bankers for Moscow, Lonsdale the Red paymaster, and the two civil servants the recipients for selling their country's secrets. "OF HIGHEST VALUE" The fact that secrets of the Dreadnought, and thereby of the American undersea fleet, were involved in the spy case had been hinted at earlier.    But just before luncheon today the fact was announced grimly by the British navy's chief adviser to the cabinet on underwater warfare, Capt& George Symonds. He said that drawings of the Dreadnought and printed details about the ship were found reproduced in an undeveloped roll of film taken from Lonsdale when he was arrested with the two civil servants outside the Old Vic theater Saturday afternoon, Jan& 7.    The information, he said, would have been of the highest value to a potential enemy. COURT CLEARED Just how many sub secrets were being handed over when the ring, watched for six months, was broken remained untold.    The British defending lawyers, who today increased from three to four, demanded to know if they could make the information involved seem of little value to a jury, the chances of their clients would improve. So in the name of justice the magistrate cleared the court of all except officials to allow the captain to elaborate for almost an hour.    Almost any information about the Dreadnought would also reveal secrets about the American underwater fleet. Britain began designing the ship in 1956 but got nowhere until the American government decided to end a ban on sharing military secrets with Britain that had been imposed after Fuchs blabbed. The United States offered to supply a complete set of propelling equipment like that used in the Skipjack.    With the machinery went a complete design for the hull.    The Skipjack was a second generation atomic sub, much advanced on the Nautilus and the other four which preceded it. NAVY'S FUTURE INVOLVED "Much of the navy's future depends upon her", an American naval announcement said on the Skipjack's first arrival in British waters in August, 1959, for exhibition to selected high officers at Portland underwater research station. It was there that the two accused civil servants were at work.    "Her basic hull form [a teardrop] and her nuclear power plant will be used for almost all new submarines, including the potent Polaris missile submarines", the statement went on.    The atom reactor, water cooled, was the result of almost a decade of research at the naval reactors branch of the atomic energy commission and Westinghouse Electric Corp&. Thru development, the reactor and its steam turbines had been reduced greatly in size, and also in complexity, allowing a single propeller to be used, the navy said.    The hull was also a result of almost a decade of work. It was first tried out on a conventional submarine, the Albacore, in 1954.    The Skipjack became the_ST& JOHNS, MICH&, APRIL 19._    - A jury of seven men and five women found 21-year-old Richard Pohl guilty of manslaughter yesterday in the bludgeon slaying of Mrs& Anna Hengesbach.    Pohl received the verdict without visible emotion. He returned to his cell in the county jail, where he has been held since his arrest last July, without a word to his court-appointed attorney, Jack Walker, or his guard. STEPSON VINDICATED The verdict brought vindication to the dead woman's stepson, Vincent Hengesbach, 54, who was tried for the same crime in December, 1958, and released when the jury failed to reach a verdict. Mrs& Hengesbach was killed on Aug& 31, 1958.    Hengesbach has been living under a cloud ever since. When the verdict came in against his young neighbor, Hengesbach said:    "I am very pleased to have the doubt of suspicion removed. Still, I don't wish to appear happy at somebody's else's misfortune". LIVES ON WELFARE Hengesbach, who has been living on welfare recently, said he hopes to rebuild the farm which was settled by his grandfather in Westphalia, 27 miles southwest of here.    Hengesbach has been living in Grand Ledge since his house and barn were burned down after his release in 1958.    Pohl confessed the arson while being questioned about several fires in the Westphalia area by State Police.    He also admitted killing Mrs& Hengesbach. However, the confession, which was the only evidence against him, was retracted before the trial. CHARGES IN DOUBT Assistant Prosecutor Fred Lewis, who tried both the Hengesbach and Pohl cases, said he did not know what would be done about two arson charges pending against Pohl.    Circuit Judge Paul R& Cash did not set a date for sentencing. Pohl could receive from 1 to 15 years in prison or probation.    Walker said he was considering filing a motion for a new trial which would contend that the verdict was against the weight of the evidence and that there were several errors in trial procedure. LOCKED IN MOTEL A verdict against Pohl came at 4:05 p&m& after almost 13-1/2 hours of deliberation. The jury, which was locked up in a motel overnight, was canvassed at the request of Walker after the verdict was announced.    The jury foreman, Mrs& Olive Heideman, of rural Elsie, said that a ballot was not even taken until yesterday morning and that the first day of deliberation was spent in going over the evidence.    She said the jurors agreed that Pohl's confession was valid.    The jury asked Judge Cash to send in his written definition of the difference between first and second-degree murder and manslaughter.    The verdict came three hours later.    Some 30 spectators remained in the court during the day and were on hand to hear the verdict read. The trial had packed the large courtroom for more than a week.    A Sterling Township family of six surviving children, whose mother died yesterday as the aftermath to a fire that also killed one of the children, found today they had the help of hundreds of neighbors and school friends.    While neighbor women assumed some of the dead mother's duties, fund-raising events were being planned by a homeowners association and a student council for the hard-hit Henry Kowalski family, 34220 Viceroy.    Mrs& Eleanor Kowalski, 42, died yesterday afternoon in Holy Cross Hospital of burns suffered in a fire that followed a bottled gas explosion Saturday night at the flat of her widowed mother, Mrs& Mary Pankowski, in the adjoining suburb of Warren. SERVICES TOMORROW Funeral services for Mrs& Kowalski and her daughter, Christine, 11, who died of burns at the same hospital Monday, have been scheduled for 10 a&m& tomorrow in St& Anne's Catholic Church, 31978 Mound, in Warren.    The mother and daughter, who will be buried side by side in Mt& Olivet Cemetery, rested together today in closed caskets at the Lyle Elliott Funeral Home, 31730 Mound, Warren.    Mrs& Pankowski, 61, remained in Holy Cross Hospital as a result of the explosion, which occurred while Mrs& Kowalski fueled a cook stove in the grandmother's small upstairs flat at 2274 Eight Mile road east. HELD CANDLE Assistant Fire Chief Chester Cornell said gas fumes apparently were ignited by a candle which one of the three Kowalski girls present held for her mother, because the flat lacked electricity.    Christine's twin sister, Patricia, and Darlene Kowalski, 8, escaped with minor burns. They are home now with the other Kowalski children, Vicky, 14; Dennis, 6; Eleanor, 2; and Bernardine, 1.    "All we have left in the world is one another, and we must stay together the way Mother wanted", Kowalski said in telling his children of their mother's death yesterday afternoon.    Kowalski, a roofer who seldom worked last winter, already was in arrears on their recently purchased split-level home when the tragedy staggered him with medical and funeral bills. $135 DONATED Neighbor women, such as Mrs& Sidney Baker, 2269 Serra, Sterling Township, have been supplying the family with meals and handling household chores with Kowalski's sister-in-law, Mrs& Anna Kowalski, 22111 David, East Detroit.    Another neighbor, Mrs& Frank C& Smith, 2731 Pall Mall, Sterling Township, surprised Kowalski by coming to the home yesterday with $135 collected locally toward the $400 funeral costs.    John C& Houghton, president of the Tareytown Acres Homeowners Association, followed that by announcing plans last night for a door-to-door fund drive throughout their subdivision on behalf of the Kowalski family. STUDENTS HELP OUT Houghton said 6 p&m& Friday had been set for a canvass of all 480 homes in the subdivision, which is located northeast of Dequindre and 14 Mile road east. He said contributions also could be mailed to Post Office Box 553, Warren Village Station.    Vicky Kowalski meanwhile learned that several of her fellow students had collected almost $25 for her family during the lunch hour yesterday at Fuhrmann Junior High School, 5155 Fourteen Mile road east.    Principal Clayton W& Pohly said he would allow a further collection between classes today, and revealed that ~Y-Teen Club past surpluses had been used to provide a private hospital nurse Monday fo   Emory University's Board of Trustees announced Friday that it was prepared to accept students of any race as soon as the state's tax laws made such a step possible.    "Emory University's charter and by-laws have never required admission or rejection of students on the basis of race", board chairman Henry L& Bowden stated.    But an official statement adopted by the 33-man Emory board at its annual meeting Friday noted that state taxing requirements at present are a roadblock to accepting Negroes.    The statement explained that under the Georgia Constitution and state law, tax-exempt status is granted to educational institutions only if they are segregated.    "Emory could not continue to operate according to its present standards as an institution of higher learning, of true university grade, and meet its financial obligations, without the tax-exemption privileges which are available to it only so long as it conforms to the aforementioned constitutional and statutory provisions", the statement said.    The statement did not mention what steps might be taken to overcome the legal obstacles to desegregation.    An Emory spokesman indicated, however, that the university itself did not intend to make any test of the laws.    The Georgia Constitution gives the Legislature the power to exempt colleges from property taxation if, among other criteria, "all endowments to institutions established for white people shall be limited to white people, and all endowments to institutions established for colored people shall be limited to colored people".    At least two private colleges in the Atlanta area now or in the past have had integrated student bodies, but their tax-exempt status never has been challenged by the state.    Emory is affiliated with the Methodist Church. Some church leaders, both clerical and lay, have criticized the university for not taking the lead in desegregation. URGED IN 1954 The student newspaper, The Emory Wheel, as early as the fall of 1954 called for desegregation.    "From its beginning", the trustees' statement said Friday, "Emory University has assumed as its primary commitment a dedication to excellence in Christian higher learning. Teaching, research and study, according to highest standards, under Christian influence, are paramount in the Emory University policy.    "As a private institution, supported by generous individuals, Emory University will recognize no obligation and will adopt no policy that would conflict with its purpose to promote excellence in scholarship and Christian education.    "There is not now, nor has there ever been in Emory University's charter or by-laws any requirement that students be admitted or rejected on the basis of race, color or creed. Insofar as its own governing documents are concerned, Emory University could now consider applications from prospective students, and others seeking applications from prospective students, and others seeking the opportunity to study or work at the university, irrespective of race, color or creed. CORPORATE EXISTENCE "On the other hand, Emory University derives its corporate existence from the State of Georgia.     "When and if it can do so without jeopardizing constitutional and statutory tax-exemption privileges essential to the maintenance of its educational program and facilities, Emory University will consider applications of persons desiring to study or work at the University without regard to race, color or creed, continuing university policy that all applications shall be considered on the basis of intellectual and moral standards and other criteria designed to assure the orderly and effective conduct of the university and the fulfillment of its mission as an institution of Christian higher education".    A young man was killed and two others injured at midnight Friday when the car they were riding slid into a utility pole on Lake Avenue near Waddell Street, ~NE, police said.    The dead youth was identified as Robert E& Sims, 19, of 1688 Oak Knoll Cir&, ~SE.    Patrolman G& E& Hammons said the car evidently slid out of control on rain-slick streets and slammed into the pole.    The other occupants were James Willard Olvey, 18, of 963 Ponce de Leon Ave&, ~NE, and Larry Coleman Barnett, 19, of 704 Hill St&, ~SE, both of whom were treated at Grady Hospital for severe lacerations and bruises.    The Atlanta Negro student movement renewed its demands for movie theater integration Friday and threatened picketing and "stand-ins" if negotiations failed.    The demands were set forth in letters to seven owners of first-run theaters by the Committee on Appeal for Human Rights. 'INTEND TO ATTEND' "We intend to attend the downtown theaters before the first of the year", the identically worded letters said.    The letters set a Nov& 15 deadline for the start of negotiations. They indicated that stand-ins and picketing would be started if theater owners failed to cooperate.    Downtown and art theater managers and owners, contacted Friday night for comment on the ~COAHR request, said they had no knowledge of such a letter, and that it was not in the Friday mail. However, three of the managers did say that they would agree to attend the proposed meeting if all of the other managers decided to attend. GATHER HERE The ~COAHR letter comes on the eve of a large gathering of theater managers and owners scheduled to begin here Sunday. Several theater operators said, however, that there is little likelihood of the subject being discussed during the three-day affair.    Student leaders began sporadic efforts to negotiate theater integration several months ago. Charles A& Black, ~COAHR chairman, said Friday that three theater representatives had agreed to meet with the students on Oct& 31 but had failed to show up. He declined to name the three.    Friday's letters asked for a Nov& 15 meeting. Failure to attend the meeting or explain inability to attend, the letters said, would be considered a "sign of indifference".    Black said ~COAHR "hoped to be able to integrate the theaters without taking direct action, but we are pledged to using every legal and nonviolent means at our disposal".    A prepared statement released by the student group Friday stated that "extensive research by ~COAHR into techniq_SALEM (SPECIAL)_    - For a second month in a row, Multnomah County may be short of general assistance money in its budget to handle an unusually high summer month's need, the state public welfare commission was told Friday.    It is the only county in the state so far this month reporting a possible shortage in ~GA category, for which emergency allotment can be given by the state if necessary.    William Smythe, director of field service, told the commissioners that Multnomah, as of Aug& 22, had spent $58,918 out of its budgeted $66,000 in the category, leaving only $7,082 for the rest of the month.    At the rate of need indicated in the early weeks of the month, this could mean a shortage of as high as $17,000. But it probably will be less because of a usual slackening during the last weeks of each month, Smythe said. No request for emergency allotment had yet been received, however. BOARD OKS PACT The commission, meeting for the first time with both of its newly-appointed commissioners, Roy Webster, of Hood River, and Dr& Ennis Keizer, of North Bend, approved a year's contract for a consultant in the data processing department who has been the center of considerable controversy in the past.    The contract with Ray Field, who has been converting the agencies electronic data processing program to magnetic tape, would renew his present salary of $8 an hour up to a maximum of 200 hours a month.    Field does the planning for the machine operations and fiscal processes and the adapting of the data processing system to new programs as they are made necessary by legislative and policy changes.    Acting Administrator Andrew F& Juras said that because of Field's unique position and knowledge in the program, the agency now would be seriously handicapped if he was not continued for a period.    But he emphasized that the agency must train people within its own employ to fulfill what Field handles, and he said he personally "regrets very much that the agency has not done this in the past".    He pointed out to the commissioners that the agency was literally dependent now on the machine processing, "and the whole wheels of the agency would stop if it broke down or the three or four persons directing it were to leave". SALARY TERMED MODEST Juras said he insisted Field be continued on a consultant basis only and be answerable directly to the administrator of the agency and not to other agencies of the government. He also said that the salary, in terms of going rates in the field, was "modest" in terms of the man's responsibility. The conversion to magnetic tape is not yet completed, he said, and added Field's long service in state government and welfare employ gave him familiarity with the welfare program.    "Do you feel you can stand up to the next legislative session and defend this contract"? asked Mrs& Grace O& Peck, representative from Multnomah County, of the commission chairman, Joseph E& Harvey Jr&.    "My feeling at the moment", he said, "is that we have no alternative, irrespective of some of the arguments about him. The continued operation of this program depends on having his service". HARVEY CRITICIZED Mrs& Peck, later joined by the commission's vice-chairman, Mrs& Lee Patterson, took Harvey to task for comments he had made to the North Portland Rotary Club Tuesday.    A publicity release from Oregon Physicians Service, of which Harvey is president, quoted him as saying the welfare office move to Salem, instead of "crippling" the agency, had provided an avenue to correct administrative weaknesses, with the key being improved communications between ~F+~A and the commission staff.    "I rather resent", she said, "you speaking to those groups in Portland as though just the move accomplished this. I think you fell short of the real truth in the matter: That the move is working out through the fine cooperation of the staff and all the people. The staff deserves a lot of credit working down here under real obstacles".    Harvey said his objective was to create a better public image for welfare".    The wife of convicted bank robber Lawrence G& Huntley was arrested in Phoenix, Ariz&, last week and will be returned to Portland to face charges of assault and robbery, Portland detectives said Friday.    Mrs& Lavaughn Huntley is accused of driving the getaway car used in a robbery of the Woodyard Bros&' Grocery, 2825 E& Burnside St&, in April of 1959.    Her husband, who was sentenced to 15 years in the federal prison at McNeil Island last April for robbery of the Hillsdale branch of Multnomah Bank, also was charged with the store holdup. Secret Grand Jury indictments were returned against the pair last week, Detective Murray Logan reported.    The Phoenix arrest culminates more than a year's investigation by Detective William Taylor and other officers. Taylor said Mrs& Huntley and her husband also will be questioned about a series of 15 Portland robberies in spring of 1959 in which the holdup men bound their victims with tape before fleeing.    Mrs& Huntley was held on $20,000 bond in Phoenix. She was arrested by Phoenix Police after they received the indictment papers from Portland detectives.    A 12-year-old girl, Susan Elaine Smith, 9329 ~NE Schuyler St& was in serious condition Friday at Bess Kaiser Hospital, victim of a bicycle-auto collision in the Gateway Shopping Center, parking area, Deputy Sheriff W& H& Forsyth reported.    Funeral for William Joseph Brett, 1926 ~NE 50th Ave&, who died Thursday in Portland, will be Monday 1 p&m& at the Riverview Abbey.    Mr& Brett, born in Brooklyn, N&Y&, Dec& 15, 1886, came to Portland in 1920. He owned a logging equipment business here from 1923 to 1928, and later became Northwest district manager for Macwhyte Co&. He retired in 1958.    Survivors are his widow, Alice; a son, William, Seattle, Wash&; three sisters, Mrs& Eugene Horstman, Los Angeles, Mrs& Lucy Brett Andrew, New York City, and Mrs& Beatrice Kiefferm, New York City, and five grandchildren.    Employes of Montgomery Ward + Co& at The Dalles, in a National Labor Relations Board election Thursday voted to decertify Local 1565, Retail Clerks International Association, ~AFL-~CIO, as their collective   About 70 North Providence taxpayers made appeals to the board of tax accessors for a review of their 1961 tax assessments during the last two days at the town hall in Centredale.    These were the last two days set aside by the board for hearing appeals. Appeals were heard for two days two weeks ago. About 75 persons appeared at that time.    Louis H& Grenier, clerk of the board, said that the appeals will be reviewed in December at the time the board is visiting new construction sites in the town for assessment purposes. They also will visit properties on which appeals have been made.    Any adjustments which are made, Mr& Grenier said earlier this month, will appear on the balance of the tax bill since most of the town's taxpayers take the option of paying quarterly with the balance due next year.    John Pezza, 69, of 734 Hartford Avenue, Providence, complained of shoulder pains after an accident in which a car he was driving collided with a car driven by Antonio Giorgio, 25, of 12 DeSoto St&, Providence, on Greenville Avenue and Cherry Hill Road in Johnston yesterday.    Mr& Giorgio had started to turn left off Greenville Avenue onto Cherry Hill Road when his car was struck by the Pezza car, police said. Both cars were slightly damaged.    Mr& Pezza was taken to a nearby Johnston physician, Dr& Allan A& DiSimone, who treated him. Mr& Giorgio was uninjured.    Thieves yesterday ransacked a home in the Garden Hills section of Cranston and stole an estimated $3,675 worth of furs, jewels, foreign coins and American dollars.    Mr& and Mrs& Stephen M& Kochanek reported the theft at their home on 41 Garden Hills Drive at about 6 last night. They told police the intruders took a mink coat worth $700, a black Persian lamb jacket worth $450; a wallet with $450 in it; a collection of English, French and German coins, valued at $500; four rings, a watch and a set of pearl earrings.    One of the rings was a white gold band with a diamond setting, valued at $900. The others were valued at $325, $75 and $65. The watch was valued at $125 and the earrings at $85.    The Kochaneks told police they left home at 8 a&m& and returned about 5:45 p&m& and found the house had been entered. Patrolman Robert J& Nunes, who investigated, said the thieves broke in through the back door. Drawers and cabinets in two bedrooms and a sewing room were ransacked.    The city sewer maintenance division said efforts will be made Sunday to clear a stoppage in a sewer connection at Eddy and Elm Streets responsible for dumping raw sewage into the Providence River.    The division said it would be impossible to work on the line until then because of the large amount of acid sewage from jewelry plants in the area flowing through the line, heavy vehicle traffic on Eddy Street and tide conditions.    A two-family house at 255 Brook Street has been purchased by Brown University from Lawrence J& Sullivan, according to a deed filed Monday at City Hall. F& Morris Cochran, university vice president and business manager, said the house has been bought to provide rental housing for faculty families, particularly for those here for a limited time.    Employes of Pawtucket's garbage and rubbish collection contractor picketed the firm's incinerator site yesterday in the second day of a strike for improved wages and working conditions.    Thomas Rotelli, head of Rhode Island Incinerator Service, Inc&, said four of the company's eight trucks were making collections with both newly hired and regular workers.    Sydney Larson, a staff representative for the United Steel Workers, which the firm's 25 workers joined before striking, said the state Labor Relations Board has been asked to set up an election to pick a bargaining agent.    A 62-year-old Smithfield man, Lester E& Stone of 19 Beverly Circle, was in satisfactory condition last night at Our Lady of Fatima Hospital, North Providence, with injuries suffered when a car he was driving struck a utility pole on Woonasquatucket Avenue in North Providence near Stevens Street.    Mr& Stone suffered fractured ribs and chest cuts, hospital authorities said. He was taken to the hospital by the North Providence ambulance.    Before hitting the pole, Mr& Stone's car brushed against a car driven by Alva W& Vernava, 21, of 23 Maple Ave&, North Providence, tearing away the rear bumper and denting the left rear fender of the Vernava car, police said. Mr& Vernava was uninjured.    The impact with the utility pole caused a brief power failure in the immediate area of the accident. One house was without power for about half an hour, a Narragansett Electric Co& spokesman said. The power was off for about five minutes in houses along Smith Street as far away as Fruit Hill Avenue shortly before 5 p&m& when the accident occurred.    The fight over the Warwick School Committee's appointment of a coordinator of audio-visual education may go to the state Supreme Court, it appeared last night.    Two members of the Democratic-endorsed majority on the school board said they probably would vote to appeal a ruling by the state Board of Education, which said yesterday that the school committee acted improperly in its appointment of the coordinator, Francis P& Nolan 3rd, the Democratic-endorsed committee chairman, could not be reached for comment.    In its ruling, the state Board of Education upheld Dr& Michael F& Walsh, state commissioner of education, who had ruled previously that the Warwick board erred when it named Maurice F& Tougas as coordinator of audio-visual education without first finding that the school superintendent's candidate was not suitable.    Supt& Clarence S& Taylor had recommended Roger I& Vermeersch for the post.    Milton and Rosella Lovett of Cranston were awarded $55,000 damages from the state in Superior Court yesterday for industrial property which they owned at 83 Atwells Ave&, Providence, and which was condemned for use in construction of Interstate Route 95.    The award was made by Judge Fred B& Perkins who heard their petition without a jury by agreement of the parties.    The award_ASILOMAR, MARCH 26_    Vast spraying programs conducted by "technicians with narrow training and little wisdom" are endangering crops and wildlife, Carl W& Buchheister, president of the National Audubon Society, said today.    "It is like handing a loaded .45 automatic to an 8-year-old and telling him to run out and play", he commented.    Buchheister told delegates to the West Coast Audubon Convention that aerial spraying in Louisiana failed to destroy its target, the fire ant.    "But it did destroy the natural controls of a borer and released a new plague that wrecked a sugar cane crop", he said.    The conservation leader said other mistakes in spraying had caused serious damage in Ohio and Wyoming. There have even been serious errors in the U& S& Forest Service, whose officials pride themselves in their scientific training, he added.    "The news of their experiments reach the farmers who, forgetting that birds are the most efficient natural enemies of insects and rodents, are encouraged to try to get rid of all birds that occasionally peck their grapes or their blueberries", Buchheister told the delegates.    In addition to urging greater restrictions on aerial spraying, Buchheister called for support of the Wilderness bill, creation of national seashore parks, including Point Reyes; preservation of the wetlands where birds breed; a pesticides co-ordination act; stronger water pollution control programs, and Federal ratification of an international convention to halt pollution of the sea by oil.    The Reed Rogers Da Fonta Wild Life Sanctuary in Marin county on Friday officially became the property of the National Audubon Society.    Mrs& Norman Livermore, president of the Marin Conservation League, handed over the deed to the 645-acre tidelands tract south of Greenwood Beach to Carl W& Buchheister, president of the Society.    The presentation was made before several hundred persons at the annual meeting of the League at Olney Hall, College of Marin, Kentfield.    Buchheister pledged the land would be an "inviolate" sanctuary for all birds, animals and plants.    Seventeen years ago today, German scientist Willy Fiedler climbed into a makeshift cockpit installed in a ~V-1 rocket-bomb that was attached to the underbelly of a Heinkel bomber.    The World War /2, German bomber rolled down a runway and took off.    The only way Fiedler could get back to earth alive was to fly the pulse jet missile and land it on the airstrip. This had never been done before.    Now a quiet-spoken, middle-aged man, Fiedler is an aeronautical engineer for Lockheed's Missiles and Space Division at Sunnyvale, where he played a key role in the development of the Navy's Polaris missile.    He sat in his office yesterday and recalled that historic flight in 1944.    "The first two pilots had crashed", he said. "I had developed the machines and therefore knew them. It was time to go up myself".    Fiedler was then technical director of Hitler's super-secret "Reichenberg project", which remained unknown to the Allies until after the war.    About 200 of the special ~V-1 rocket-bombs were to be made ready for manned flight with an explosive warhead. The target was Allied shipping- a desperate effort to stave off the Allied invasion of Europe.    The success of the project depended upon Fiedler's flight.    Squeezed into the few cubic feet normally filled by the rocket's automatic guidance mechanism, the scientist waited while the bomber gained altitude.    At 12,000 feet, Fiedler signaled "release", and started the roaring pulse-jet engine- then streaked away from beneath the Heinkel.    To the German pilot in the bomber the rocket became a faint black speck, hurtling through the sky at the then incredible speed of 420 m&p&h&.    It was probably man's first successful flight in a missile. "She flew beautifully", said Fiedler. "There was only one power control- a valve to adjust the fuel flow. I had exactly 20 minutes to get down to the test strip".    Using a steering system that controlled the modified rocket's tail surfaces and wings equipped with ailerons, Fiedler was to land the missile on a skid especially bolted under the fuselage.    He managed to maneuver the missile to a landing speed of 200 m&p&h&- fast even for a modern jet plane touchdown- and banked into the airfield.    Moments later the ~V-1 skimmed across the landing strip, edging closer and closer to a touchdown- then in a streamer of dust it landed.    Fiedler went on to make several other test flights before German pilots took over the Reichenberg missiles.    The missiles were to be armed with an underwater bomb. Pilots would steer them in a suicide dive into the water, striking below the waterline of individual ships.    A crack corps of 50 pilots was formed from the ranks of volunteers, but the project was halted before the end of the war, and the missiles later fell into Allied hands.    Now a family man with three children, Fiedler lives in a quiet residential area near the Lockheed plant at Sunnyvale. His spare time is spent in soaring gliders.    "It's so quiet", he said, "so slow, serene- and so challenging".    John Di Massimo has been elected president of the 1961 Columbus Day Celebration Committee, it was announced yesterday.    Other officers are Angelo J& Scampini, vice president, Joseph V& Arata, treasurer, and Fred J& Casassa, secretary.    Judge John B& Molinari was named chairman of the executive committee. Elected to the board of directors were:    Elios P& Anderlini, Attilio Beronio, Leo M& Bianco, Frederic Campagnoli, Joseph Cervetto, Armond J& De Martini, Grace Duhagon, John P& Figone, John P& Figone Jr&, Stephen Mana, John Moscone, Calude Perasso, Angelo Petrini, Frank Ratto, and George R& Reilly.    Dr& Albert Schweitzer, world-famous theologian and medical missionary, has endorsed an Easter March for Disarmament which begins tomorrow in Sunnyvale.    Members of the San Francisco American Friends Service, a Quaker organization, will march to San Francisco for a rally in Union Square at 2 p& m& Saturday.    In a letter to the American Friends Service, Dr& Schweitzer wrote:    "Leading Nations of the West and of the East keep busy ma   Probably THE hottest thing that has hit the Dallas investment community in years was the Morton Foods stock issue, which was sold to the public during the past week.    For many reasons, the demand to buy shares in the Dallas-headquartered company was tremendous. It was not a case of the investment bankers having to sell the stock; it was more one of allotting a few shares to a number of customers and explaining to others why they had no more to sell.    Investors who wanted 100 shares in many cases ended up with 25, and customers who had put in a bid to buy 400 shares found themselves with 100 and counted themselves lucky to get that many.    In fact, very few customers, anywhere in the nation, were able to get more than 100 shares. Some Dallas investment firms got only 100 shares, for all of their customers.    A measure of how hot the stock was, can be found in what happened to it on the market as soon as trading began.    The stock was sold in the underwriting at a price of $12.50 a share. The first over-the-counter trade Wednesday afternoon at Eppler, Guerin + Turner, the managing underwriter, was at $17 a share. And from that the stock moved right on up until it was trading Thursday morning at around $22 a share.    But the Morton Foods issue was hot long before it was on the market. Indeed, from the moment the reports of the coming issue first started circulating in Dallas last January, the inquiries and demand for the stock started building up.    Letters by the reams came in from investment firms all over the nation, all of them wanting to get a part of the shares that would be sold (185,000 to the public at $12.50, with another 5,000 reserved for Morton Foods employes at $11.50 a share).    There was even a cable in French from a bank in Switzerland that had somehow learned about the Dallas stock offering. "We subscribe 500 shares of Morton Foods of Texas. Cable confirmation", it said translated. But E&G&T& could not let the Swiss bank have even 10 shares.    After it allotted shares to 41 underwriters and 52 selling group members from coast to coast there were not many shares for anyone.    But the result of it all was, E&G&T& partner Dean Guerin believes, an effective distribution of the stock to owners all over the nation.    "I feel confident the stock will qualify for the 'national list'", he said, meaning its market price would be quoted regularly in newspapers all over the country.    He was also pleased with the wide distribution because he thought it proved again his argument that Dallas investment men can do just as good a job as the big New York investment bankers claim only they can do.    But what made the Morton Foods stock issue such a hot one?    The answer is that it was a combination of circumstances.    First, the general stock market has been boiling upward for the last few months, driving stocks of all kinds up. As a result, it is not easy to find a stock priced as the Morton issue was priced (at roughly 10 times 1960 earnings, to yield a little over 5 per cent on the 64~c anticipated dividend).    Second, the "potato chip industry" has caught the fancy of investors lately, and until Morton Foods came along there were only two potato chip stocks- Frito and H& W& Lay- on the market.    Both of those have had dynamic run-ups in price on the market in recent months, both were selling at higher price-earnings and yield bases than Morton was coming to market at, and everyone who knew anything about it expected the Morton stock to have a fast run-up.    And third, the potato chip industry has taken on the flavor of a "growth" industry in the public mind of late. Foods, which long had been considered "recession resistant" but hardly dynamic stocks, have been acting like growth stocks, going to higher price-earnings ratios.    The potato chip industry these days is growing, not only as a result of population increase and public acceptance of convenience foods, but also because of a combination of circumstances that has led to growth by merger.    The history of the U&S& potato chip industry is that many of today's successful companies got started during the deep depression days. Those that remain are those that were headed by strong executives, men with the abilities to last almost 30 years in the competitive survival of the fittest.    But today many of those men are reaching retirement age and suddenly realizing that they face an estate tax problem with their closely held companies and also that they have no second-echelon management in their firms.    So they go looking for mergers with other firms that have publicly quoted stock, and almost daily they pound on the doors of firms like Frito.    All those things combined to make the Morton Foods stock the hot issue that it was and is.    Now, if Morton's newest product, a corn chip known as Chip-o's, turns out to sell as well as its stock did, the stock may turn out to be worth every cent of the prices that the avid buyers bid it up to. Dallas and North Texas is known world-wide as the manufacturing and distribution center of cotton gin machinery and supplies, valued in the millions of dollars.    More than 10 companies maintain facilities in Dallas and one large manufacturer is located to the north at Sherman.    It is no coincidence that the Texas Cotton Ginner's Association is meeting here this week for the 46th time in their 52-year history.    The exhibition of cotton ginning machinery at the State Fair grounds is valued at more than a million dollars. It weighs in the tons, so the proximity of factory and exhibition area makes it possible for an outstanding exhibit each year.    A modern cotton gin plant costs in the neighborhood of $250,000, and it's a safe assumption that a large percentage of new gins in the U&S& and foreign countries contain machinery made in this area.    The Murray Co& of Texas, Inc&, originated in Dallas in 1896. They've occupied a 22-acre site since the early 1900's. More than 700 employes make gin machinery that's sold anywhere cotton is grown.    Murray_SANTA BARBARA_    - "The present recovery movement will gather steady momentum to lift the economy to a new historic peak by this autumn", Beryl W& Sprinkel, economist of Harris Trust + Savings Bank, Chicago, predicted at the closing session here Tuesday of Investment Bankers Assn&, California group, conference.    Another speaker, William H& Draper, Jr&, former Under Secretary of the Army and now with the Palo Alto venture capital firm of Draper, Gaither + Anderson, urged the U&S& to "throw down the gauntlet of battle to communism and tell Moscow bluntly we won't be pushed arouny any more". He urged support for President Kennedy's requests for both defense and foreign aid appropriations. 'NOT FLASH IN PAN' Sprinkel told conferees that the recent improvement in economic activity was not a "temporary flash in the pan" but the beginning of a substantial cyclical expansion that will carry the economy back to full employment levels and witness a renewal of our traditional growth pattern.    "In view of the current expansion, which promises to be substantial" he said the odds appear to favor rising interest rates in coming months, but "there is reason to believe the change will not be as abrupt as in 1958 nor as severe as in late 1959 and 1960". THESIS REFUTED Sprinkel strongly refuted the current neo-stagnationist thesis that we are facing a future of limited and slow growth, declaring that this pessimism "is based on very limited and questionable evidence".    Rather than viewing the abortive recovery in 1959-60 as a reason for believing we have lost prospects for growth", he said "it should be viewed as a lesson well learned which will increase the probability of substantial improvement in this recovery". DANGER CITED He cautioned that "the greater danger in this recovery may be excessive stimulation by government which could bring moderate inflation".    The economist does not look for a drastic switch in the budget during this recovery and believes it "even more unlikely that the Federal Reserve will aggressively tighten monetary policy in the early phases of the upturn as was the case in 1958".    The unsatisfactory 1958-60 expansion, he said, was not due to inadequate growth forces inherent in our economy but rather to the adverse effect of inappropriate economic policies combined with retrenching decisions resulting from the steel strike. SACRIFICES NEEDED Draper declared, "As I see it, this country has never faced such great dangers as threaten us today. We must justify our heritage. We must be ready for any needed sacrifice".    He said that from his experience of two years with Gen& Clay in West Berlin administration, that "Russia respects our show of strength, but that presently we're not acting as we should and must".    He called the Cuban tractor plan an outright blackmail action, and noted that in war "you can't buy yourself out and that's what we're trying to do".    While he declined to suggest, how, he said that sooner or later we must get rid of Castro, "for unless we do we're liable to face similar situations in this hemisphere. Its the start of a direct threat to our own security and I don't believe we can permit that". _NEW YORK (~AP)_    - Stock market Tuesday staged a technical recovery, erasing all of Monday's losses in the Associated Press average and making the largest gain in about two weeks.    Analysts saw the move as a continuation of the recovery drive that got under way late Monday afternoon when the list sank to a hoped-for "support level" represented by around 675 in the Dow Jones industrial average. It was a level at which some of the investors standing on the sidelines were thought likely to buy the pivotal issues represented in the averages. SOME GOOD NEWS Although it looked like a routine technical snapback to Wall Streeters it was accompanied by some good news. A substantial rise in new orders and sales of durable goods was reported for last month.    Treasury Secretary Douglas Dillon said the economy is expected to advance by a whopping 8% next year, paving the way for lower taxes.    The Dow Jones industrial average advanced 7.19 to 687.87.    Of 1,253 issues traded, 695 advanced and 354 declined. New highs for the year totaled nine and new lows 14.    Trading was comparatively dull throughout the day. Volume dipped to 3.28 million shares from 3.98 million Monday.    A $25 billion advertising budget in an $800 billion economy was envisioned for the 1970s here Tuesday by Peter G& Peterson, head of one of the world's greatest camera firms, in a key address before the American Marketing Assn&.    However, Peterson, president of Bell + Howell, warned 800 U&S& marketing leaders attending a national conference at the Ambassador, that the future will belong to the industrialist of creative and "unconventional wisdom". CREATION'S NEEDED "As we look to the $800 billion economy that is predicted for 1970 and the increase of about 40% in consumer expenditures that will be required to reach that goal, management can well be restless about how this tremendous volume and number of new products will be created and marketed", Peterson said.    "With this kind of new product log-jam, the premium for brilliant product planning will obviously go up geometrically".    The executive paid tribute to research and development and technology for their great contributions in the past, but he also cautioned industry that they tend to be great equalizers because they move at a fairly even pace within an industry and fail to give it the short-term advantage which it often needs. NOTHING TO FEAR Peterson said America has nothing to fear in world competition if it dares to be original in both marketing and product ideas. He cited, as an example, how the American camera industry has been able to meet successfully the competition of Japan despite lower Japanese labor costs, by improving its production know-how and technology.    He also used as an example the manufacturer who introduced an all-automatic camera in Germany, with the result that it became the best selling camera in the German market.    Election of Howard L& Taylor to membership in Pacific Coast Stock Exchange, _ELBURN, ILL&_    - Farm machinery dealer Bob Houtz tilts back in a battered chair and tells of a sharp pickup in sales: "We've sold four corn pickers since Labor Day and have good prospects for 10 more. We sold only four pickers all last year".    Gus Ehlers, competitor of Mr& Houtz in this farm community, says his business since August 1 is running 50% above a year earlier. "Before then, my sales during much of the year had lagged behind 1960 by 20%", he says.    Though the sales gains these two dealers are experiencing are above average for their business, farm equipment sales are climbing in most rural areas. Paradoxically, the sales rise is due in large measure to Government efforts to slash farm output. Although the Administration's program cut crop acreage to the lowest point since 1934, farmers, with the help of extra fertilizer and good weather, are getting such high yields per acre that many are being forced to buy new harvesting machines. Fields of corn and some other crops in many cases are so dense that older equipment cannot handle them efficiently. The higher price supports provided by the new legislation, together with rising prices for farm products, are pushing up farm income, making it possible for farmers to afford the new machinery.    Seven of the eight companies that turn out full lines of farm machinery say sales by their dealers since the start of August have shown gains averaging nearly 10% above last year. "In August our dealers sold 13% more farm machinery than a year earlier and in September retail sales were 14% higher than last year", says Mark V& Keeler, farm equipment vice president of International Harvester Co&. For the year to date, sales of the company's farm equipment dealers still lag about 5% behind 1960. TWO OF THREE REPORT GAINS Among individual dealers questioned in nearly a score of states, two out of three report their sales since August 1 show sizable gains from a year earlier, with the increases ranging from 5% to 50%. Not all sections are showing an upswing, however; the drought-seared North Central states are the most notable exceptions to the uptrend.    The significance of the pickup in farm machinery sales extends beyond the farm equipment industry. The demand for farm machinery is regarded as a yardstick of rural buying generally. Farmers spend more of their income on tractors and implements than on any other group of products. More than 20 million people live on farms and they own a fourth of the nation's trucks, buy more gasoline than any other industry and provide a major market for home appliances, chemicals and other products.    Farmers are so eager for new machinery that they're haggling less over prices than they did a year ago, dealers report.    "Farmers aren't as price conscious as last year so we can get more money on a sale", says Jack Martin, who sells J& I& Case tractors and implements in Sioux City, Iowa. "This morning, we allowed a farmer $600 on the old picker he traded in on a new $2,700 model. Last year, we probably would have given him $700 for a comparable machine". Mr& Martin sold 21 tractors in August; in August of 1960, he sold seven. DEALERS' STOCKS DOWN With dealer stocks of new equipment averaging about 25% below a year ago, the affects of the rural recovery are being felt almost immediately by the country's farm equipment manufacturers. For example, farm equipment shipments of International Harvester in August climbed about 5% above a year earlier, Mr& Keeler reports.    Tractor production at Massey-Ferguson, Ltd&, of Toronto in July and August rose to 2,418 units from 869 in the like period a year earlier, says John Staiger, vice president.    With the lower dealer inventories and the stepped-up demand some manufacturers believe there could be shortages of some implements. Merritt D& Hill, Ford Motor Co& vice president, says his company is starting to get calls daily from dealers demanding immediate delivery or wanting earlier shipping dates on orders for corn pickers.    Except for a few months in late 1960 and early 1961, retail farm equipment sales have trailed year-earlier levels since the latter part of 1959. The rise in sales last winter was checked when the Government's new feed grain program was adopted; the program resulted in a cutback of around 20% in planted acreage and, as a result, reduced the immediate need for machines.    Nearly all of the farm equipment manufacturers and dealers say the upturn in sales has resulted chiefly from the recent improvement in crop prospects. Total farm output for this year is officially forecast at 129% of the 1947-49 average, three points higher than the July 1 estimate and exactly equal to the final figure for 1960.    The Government also is aiding farmers' income prospects. Agriculture Department economists estimate the Government this year will hand farmers $1.4 billion in special subsidies and incentive payments, well above the record $1.1 billion of 1958 and about double the $639 million of 1960. Price support loans may total another $1 billion this year. With cash receipts from marketings expected to be slightly above 1960, farmers' gross income is estimated at $39.5 billion, $1.5 billion above 1960's record high. Net income may reach $12.7 billion, up $1 billion from 1960 and the highest since 1953. The Government reported last week that the index of prices received by farmers rose in the month ended at mid-September for the third consecutive month, reaching 242% of the 1910-14 average compared with 237% at mid-July.    Kennedy opposes any widespread relief from a High Court depletion ruling.    The Supreme Court decision in mid-1960 was in the case of a company making sewer pipe from clay which it mined. The company, in figuring its taxable earnings, deducted a percentage of the revenue it received for its finished products. Such "depletion allowances", in the form of percentages of sales are authorized by tax law for specified raw materials producers using up their assets. The High Court held that the co   Greer Garson world-famous star of stage, screen and television, will be honored for the high standard in tasteful sophisticated fashion with which she has created a high standard in her profession.    As a Neiman-Marcus award winner the titian-haired Miss Garson is a personification of the individual look so important to fashion this season. She will receive the 1961 "Oscar" at the 24th annual Neiman-Marcus Exposition, Tuesday and Wednesday in the Grand Ballroom of the Sheraton-Dallas Hotel.  The only woman recipient, Miss Garson will receive the award with Ferdinando Sarmi, creator of chic, beautiful women's fashions; Harry Rolnick, president of the Byer-Rolnick Hat Corporation and designer of men's hats; Sydney Wragge, creator of sophisticated casuals for women and Roger Vivier, designer of Christian Dior shoes Paris, France, whose squared toes and lowered heels have revolutionized the shoe industry.    The silver and ebony plaques will be presented at noon luncheons by Stanley Marcus, president of Neiman-Marcus, Beneficiary of the proceeds from the two showings will be the Dallas Society for Crippled Children Cerebral Palsy Treatment Center.    The attractive Greer Garson, who loves beautiful clothes and selects them as carefully as she does her professional roles, prefers timeless classical designs. Occasionally she deserts the simple and elegant for a fun piece simple because "It's unlike me".  In private life, Miss Garson is Mrs& E& E& Fogelson and on the go most of the time commuting from Dallas, where they maintain an apartment, to their California home in Los Angeles' suburban Bel-Air to their ranch in Pecos, New Mexico. Therefore, her wardrobe is largely mobile, to be packed at a moment's notice and to shake out without a wrinkle.    Her creations in fashion are from many designers because she doesn't want a complete wardrobe from any one designer any more than she wants "all of her pictures by one painter".  A favorite is Norman Norell, however. She likes his classic chemise. Her favorite cocktail dress is a Norell, a black and white organdy and silk jersey.    Irene suits rate high because they are designed for her long-bodied silhouette. She also likes the femininity and charm of designs by Ceil Chapman and Helen Rose.    Balenciaga is her favorite European designer.    "I bought my first dress from him when I was still a struggling young actress", she reminisces. "I like his clothes for their drama and simplicity and appreciate the great impact he has on fashion".  Black and white is her favorite color combination along with lively glowing pinks, reds, blues and greens.    Of Scotch-Irish-Scandinavian descent, Greer Garson was born in County Down, Ireland. Her mother was a Greer and her father's family came from the Orkney Isles.    Reared in England, she studied to be a teacher, earned several scholarships and was graduated with honors from the University of London. She took postgraduate work at the University of Grenoble in France and then returned to London to work on market research with an advertising firm.  Her acting began with the Birmingham Repertory Company and she soon became the toast of the West End. Among stage performances was a starring role in "Golden Arrow" directed by Noel Coward. It was during "Old Music" at the St& James Theater that Hollywood's Louis B& Mayer spotted her.    After signing a motion-picture contract, she came to America and had "Goodbye, Mr& Chips" as her first assignment after a year's wait. Other triumphs include "Random Harvest", "Madame Curie", "Pride and Prejudice", "The Forsythe Saga" and "Mrs& Miniver" (which won her the Academy Award in 1943).  Honors that have come to Greer Garson are countless. Just this April she was nominated for the seventh time for an Academy Award for her portrayal of Eleanor Roosevelt in "Sunrise at Campobello". She gave a fine portrayal of Auntie Mame on Broadway in 1958 and has appeared in live television from "Captain Brassbound's Conversion" to "Camille". She is in Madame Tussard's Waxworks in London, a princess of the Kiowa tribe and an honorary colonel in many states.    She is adept at skeet shooting, trout fishing, Afro-Cuban and Oriental dancing and Southwestern archaeology. She now serves on the board of directors of the Dallas Symphony Orchestra and the Dallas Theater Center and on the board of trustees of the Dallas Museum of Fine Arts. She is state chairman for the New Mexico Tuberculosis and Cancer Associations. Both Miss Garson and her oilman-rancher husband are active supporters of Boys Clubs of America and patrons of the vivid art and opera colony that flourishes in New Mexico.    Back in college, today's handsome Gander was the only male member of a Texas Tech class on food. The pretty coeds must have ogled him all day long- but he dutifully kept his eye on the gravy.    Last October he gave a public speech in Washington, D&C& entitled "Are Women Here to Stay"? So you can see that Gerald G& Ramsey, director of ~SMU's food services, is not the ordinary type of craven, women-trodden chef. He is apt to rear back and claim his rights.  RAMSEY, as ~SMU's food wrangler, buys enough groceries to serve 32,000 meals a week. Tell that to the little wife when she moans at the woman's burden!    He also dishes up 3,000 snacks. And he operates three cafeterias in the Student Center, along with McElvaney Dining Hall and the athlete's tables.    Ramsey, 6-3, 195 and ruggedly slim, says, "I can't remember when I didn't pester my mother to teach me to cook".  He was in charge of the Hockaday School meals from 1946 to 1950, before he moved to ~SMU. And you'll notice that in both places, there are acres of charming young ladies who with little effort spice up any chow line.    What does he feed his ~SMU football mastodons at the training table?    "Mostly meat and potatoes- they have to have that go-go-go without getting too fat", says Ramsey. So he hides the mayonnaise. And to keep athletes' stomachs from getting jumpy under physical duress, he bans all highly flavored condiments.  WHAT DO the pretty ~SMU girls like on their plates?    "Pretty much hamburger, hotdogs, steak and, at night, maybe pizza", says the handsome food expert. "Unfortu   A cooky with caramel filling and chocolate frosting won $25,000 for a Minneapolis housewife in the 13th annual Pillsbury Bake-Off Tuesday.    Mrs& Alice H& Reese, wife of an engineer and mother of a 23-year-old son, was awarded the top prize at a luncheon in the Beverly Hilton Hotel. Mrs& Reese entered 10 past bake-offs before she got into the finals.    Second grand prize of $5,000 went to Mrs& Clara L& Oliver for her Hawaiian coffee ring, a rich yeast bread with coconut filling and vanilla glaze. MOTHER OF FIVE Mrs& Oliver is mother of five children and wife of a machinist. She lives in Wellsville, Mo&.    Mrs& Reese baked her cookies for only the third time in the Bake-off finals. And the third time was the charm.    She dreamed up the cooky recipe, tried it, liked it and entered it in the contest. The second baking was for photographing when told she was a finalist. The third time was on the floor of the Beverly Hilton ballroom and for the critical eyes and tongues of judges.    Mr& and Mrs& Joseph R& Bolker will give a dinner on Friday at their home in Beverly Hills to honor Mrs& Norman Chandler, chairman of the Music Center Building Fund Committee, and Mr& Chandler.    Mr& Bolker heads a group within the building and development industry to raise funds in support of this cultural center for the performing arts.    A feature of the party will be a presentation by Welton Becket, center architect, of color slides and renderings of the three-building complex. FOLIAGE WILL GLOW AT FORMAL FALL PARTY Fall foliage and flowers will decorate Los Angeles Country Club for the annual formal party Saturday evening. More than 200 are expected at the autumn event which is matched in the spring.    Among those with reservations are Messrs& and Mmes& William A& Thompson, Van Cott Niven, A& B& Cox, David Bricker, Samuel Perry and Robert D& Stetson.    Others are Drs& and Mmes& Alfred Robbins, and J& Lafe Ludwig and Gen& and Mrs& Leroy Watson. GUESTS FROM ACROSS U&S& HONOR DR& SWIM When Dr& W& A& Swim celebrated his 75th birthday at the Wilshire Country Club, guests came by chartered plane from all over the country.    A flight originating in Florida picked up guests on the East Coast and Midwest and a plane left from Seattle taking on passengers at West Coast points.    Cocktails and a buffet supper were served to more than 100 persons who had known Dr& Swim when he practiced in Los Angeles. He started practice in 1917, and served on the State Board of Medical Examiners.    Giving up the violin opened a whole new career for Ilona Schmidl-Seeberg, a tiny Hungarian who Fritz Kreisler had predicted would have a promising career on the concert stage.    A heart attack when she was barely 20 put an end to the 10-hour daily practicing. She put the violin away and took out some linen, needles and yarn to while away the long, idle days in Budapest.    Now her modern tapestries have been exhibited on two continents and, at 26, she feels she is on the threshold of a whole new life in Los Angeles.    Her days as an art student at the University of Budapest came to a sudden end during the Hungarian uprisings in 1957 and she and her husband Stephen fled to Vienna.    There they continued their studies at the university, she in art, he in architecture. And there she had her first showing of tapestry work.    There's a lot of talk about the problem of education in America today. What most people don't seem to realize, if they aren't tied up with the thing as I am, is that 90% of the problem is transportation.    I never dreamed of the logistical difficulties involved until, at long last, both of my boys got squeezed into high school. It seems like only last year that we watched them set out up the hill hand in hand on a rainy day in their yellow raincoats to finger-paint at the grammar school.    Getting to and from school was no problem. They either walked or were driven. @ Now they go to a high school that is two miles away. One might think the problem would be similar. They could walk, ride on a bus or be driven.    It's much more complex than that. Generally, they go to school with a girl named Gloriana, who lives down the block, and has a car.    This is a way of getting to school, but, I understand, it entails a certain loss of social status. A young man doesn't like to be driven up in front of a school in a car driven by a girl who isn't even in a higher class than he is, and is also a girl.    "Why don't you walk to school then"? I suggested. "My father walked, through two miles of snow, in Illinois".    "Did you"? I was asked.    "No", I said, "I didn't happen to grow up in Illinois".    I explained, however, that I had my share of hardship in making my daily pilgrimage to the feet of wisdom. @ I had to ride a streetcar two miles. Sometimes the streetcar was late. Sometimes there weren't even any seats. I had to stand up, with the ladies. Sometimes I got on the wrong car and didn't get to school at all, but wound up at the ocean, or some other dismal place, and had to spend the day there.    I've tried to compromise by letting them take the little car now and then. When they do that my wife has to drive me to work in the big car. She has to have at least one car herself. I feel a certain loss of status when I am driven up in front of work in a car driven by my wife, who is only a woman.    Even that isn't satisfactory. If they have to take any car, they'd rather take the big one. They say that when they take a car, Gloriana doesn't take her car, but rides with them. But when Gloriana rides with them they also have to take the two girls who usually ride with her, so the little car isn't big enough. @ The logic of that is impeccable, of course, except that I feel like a    Hotel Escape's Bonanza room has a real bonanza in its new attraction, the versatile "Kings /4, Plus Two".    This is the strongest act to hit the area in a long while- a well integrated, fast moving outfit specializing in skits, vocals, comedy and instrumentals all of it distinctly displaying the pro touch.    Show spotlights the Kings- George Worth, Bill Kay, Frank Ciciulla and Gene Wilson, flanked by Dave Grossman and Ron Stevens.    The plus two remain at a fixed position with drums and guitar but the quartet covers the stage with a batch of instruments ranging from tuba to tambourine, and the beat is solid.    In the comedy division, the Kings simply augmenting talent and imagination with a few props. Net result is some crazy-wonderful nonsense, part of which can be classed as pure slapstick.    Kings /4, have rated as a popular act in Vegas and Western nightclubs. If they can't chalk up big business here then let's stop this noise about how hip we are, and stick to our community singing. @ ELSEWHERE Andy Bartha and his trio have booked into Oceania Lounge. The Cumbancheros, Latin combo, open Tuesday at the Four O'Clock Club. "Flip" Phillips for a return engagement at Fireside Steak Ranch Wednesday; same date, Johnny LaSalle trio to the Jolly Roger. Dick Carroll and his accordion (which we now refer to as "Freida") held over at Bahia Cabana where "Sir" Judson Smith brings in his calypso capers Oct& 13.    Johnny Leighton picked up some new numbers out in Texas which he's springing on the ringsiders in the Rum House at Galt Ocean Mile Hotel.    "Skip" Hovarter back in town from a summer in the Reno-Lake Tahoe area where he ran into Rusty Warren, Kay Martin, the Marskmen and Tune Toppers- all pulling good biz, he says. @ WE LIKE FIKE Al Fike, an ex-schoolteacher from Colorado, is currently pursuing the three ~R's- rhythm, reminiscence and repartee- in a return class session at the Trade Winds Hotel.    Al has added some sidemen to the act which makes for a smoother operation but it's substantially the same format heard last spring.    Newcomers are Ernie Kemm on piano, Wes Robbins, bass and trumpet, and Jack Kelly on drums. It's a solid show but, except for some interim keyboarding by Ernie, it's Al's all the way.    Maestro's biggest stock in trade is his personality, and ability to establish a warm rapport with his audience. He skips around from jazz, to blues to boogie- accompanying himself on piano and frequently pulling the customers in on the act.    This is a bouncy show which may get a little too frantic at times, but is nevertheless worth your appraisal. NEW OWNERS Cafe Society opens formally this afternoon under its new ownership. George Kissak is the bossman; Terry Barnes has been named manager.    Spot retains the same decor although crystal chandeliers have been installed above the terrace dining area, and the kitchen has undergone a remodeling job.    Latter domain, under the guidance of Chef Tom Yokel, will specialize in steaks, chops, chicken and prime beef as well as Tom's favorite dish, stuffed shrimp.    Bandstand features Hal DeCicco, pianist, for both dinner hour and the late trade. The Tic-Tac-Toe trio is the club's new show group which also plays for dancing. @ HERE AND THERE Herbert Heilman in town for a day. Hubie's restaurant activities up in Lorain, Ohio, may preclude his return here until after Oct& 20, date set for reopening the Heilman Restaurant on Sunman Restaurant on Sunrise.    Louise Franklin cornering the gift shop market in Lauderdale. Vivacious redhead debuts another shop, her sixth, in the Governor's Club Hotel this week.    Sunday New Orleans brunches continue at the Trade Winds but the daily French buffets have been called off.    Mackey Airline's new Sunshine Inn at Bimini set to open some time this month, according to Hank Johnson.    Student Prince Lounge on Atlantic Blvd& plotting a month-long "festival" throughout October, with special features.    Don Drinkhouse of Pal's Restaurant planning a reunion with the Miami Playboy Club's pianist, Julian Gould. Two were in the same band 18 years ago; Don, who played drums, hasn't seen his chum since.    Steak House has such a run on beer to wash down that Mexican food "Tex" Burgess had to call the draft man twice in one day. (Which is understandable- if you've ever sampled the exotic, peppery fare). FACES IN PLACES Pualani and Randy Avon, Dave Searles, George (Papa) Gill, Al Bandish, Jim Morgart, Bob Neil at the Mouse trap. Billy and Jean Moffett at the Rickshaw. Bea Morley, Jimmy Fazio, Jim O'Hare, Ralph Michaels, Bill and Evelyn Perry at the Escape.  MURPHY HONORS Hear that Patricia Murphy flies up to St& John's Newfoundland, next Sunday to attend the government's special ceremonies at Memorial University honoring distinguished sons and daughters of the island province.    Miss Murphy was born in Placentia, Newfoundland. Her invitation from Premier Joseph Smallwood is reported to be the only one extended to a woman. _FORT LAUDERDALE_    - The first in a series of five productions will be held in War Memorial Auditorium Thursday, Oct& 26.    "Le Theatre D'Art Du Ballet", of Monte Carlo, will present a program of four ballets including "Francesca Da Rimini". Performers include a company of 46 dancers and a symphony orchestra.    The series of ballets is sponsored by the Milenoff Ballet Foundation, Inc&, a non-profit foundation with headquarters in Coral Gables.    Also set for appearances at the auditorium this season are: "American Ballet Theatre" on Jan& 27, "Ximenez-Vargas Ballet Espagnol" on Feb& 2; Jorge Bolet, pianist, on Feb& 23; and "Dancers of Bali" on March 8. _HOLLYWOOD_    - A Southeast Library Workshop will be held here Oct& 9, conducted by Mrs& Gretchen Schenk of Summerdale, Ala&, author, lecturer and library leader.    The workshop will begin at 10 a&m& and end at 3 p&m& in the auditorium of the Library and Fine Arts Building. There is no registration fee but there will be a charge of $2.50 for the luncheon to be held in the library and fine arts building   Enrique Jorda, conductor and musical director of the San Francisco Symphony, will fulfill two more guest conducting engagements in Europe before returning home to open the symphony's Golden Anniversary season, it was announced.    The guest assignments are scheduled for November 14 and 18, with the Orchestra Sinfonica Siciliana in Palermo and the Orchestra of Radio Cologne. The season in San Francisco will open with a special Gala Concert on November 22.    During his five-month visit abroad, Jorda recently conducted the Orchestre Philharmonique de Bordeau in France, and the Santa Cecilia Orchestra in Rome.    In announcing Jorda's return, the orchestra also announced that the sale of single tickets for the 50th anniversary season will start at the Sherman Clay box office on Wednesday.    Guest performers and conductors during the coming season will include many renowned artists who began their careers playing with the orchestra, including violinists Yehudi Menuhin, Isaac Stern, Ruggiero Ricci and David Abel; pianists Leon Fleisher, Ruth Slenczynka and Stephen Bishop and conductor Earl Bernard Murray.    The Leningrad Kirov Ballet, which opened a series of performances Friday night at the Opera House, is, I think, the finest "classical" ballet company I have ever seen, and the production of the Petipa-Tschaikowsky "Sleeping Beauty" with which it began the series is incomparably the finest I have ever had the pleasure of witnessing.    This work is no favorite of mine. I am prepared to demonstrate at an ytime that it represents the spirit of Imperial Russia in its most vulgar, infantile, and reactionary aspect; that its persistent use by ballet companies of the Soviet regime indicates that that old spirit is just as stultifying alive today as it ever was; that its presentation in this country is part of a capitalist plot to boobify the American people; that its choreography is undistinguished and its score a shapeless assemblage of self-plagiarisms. All of this is true and all of it is totally meaningless in the face of the Kirov's utterly captivating presentation. PRECISE The reasons for this enchantment are numerous, but most of them end in "ova", "eva", or "aya". In other words, no merely male creature can resist that corps de ballet. It seems to have been chosen exclusively from the winners of beauty contests- Miss Omsk, Miss Pinsk, Miss Stalingr- oops, skip it.    These qualities alone, however, would not account for their success, and it took me a while to discover the crowning virtue that completes this company's collective personality. It is a kind of friendliness and frankness of address toward the audience which we have been led to believe was peculiar to the American ballet. that convention of Russian ballet whereby the girls convey the idea that they are all the daughters of impoverished Grand Dukes driven to thestage out of filial piety, is totally absent from the Kirov. This is all the more remarkable because the Kirov is to ballet what Senator Goldwater is to American politics. But, obviously, at least some things have changed for the better in Russia so far as the ballet is concerned.    Irina Kolpakova, the Princess Aurora of Friday's performance, would be a change for the better anywhere, at any time, no matter who had had the role before. She is the most beautiful thing you ever laid eyes on, and her dancing has a feminine suavity, lightness, sparkle, and refinement which are simply incomparable. HIT Alla Sizova, who seems to have made a special hit in the East, was delightful as the lady Bluebird and her partner, Yuri Soloviev, was wonderfully virile, acrobatic, and poetic all at the same time, in a tradition not unlike that of Nijinsky. Vladilen Semenov, a fine "danseur noble"; Konstantin Shatilov, a great character dancer; and Inna Zubkovskaya, an excellent Lilac Fairy, were other outstanding members of the cast, but every member of the cast was magnificent.    The production, designed by Simon Virsaladze, was completely traditional but traditional in the right way. It was done with great taste, was big and spacious, sumptuous as the dreams of any peasant in its courtly costumes, but sumptuous in a muted, pastel-like style, with rich, quiet harmonies of color between the costumes themselves and between the costumes and the scenery.    Evegeni Dubovskoi conducted an exceptionally large orchestra, one containing excellent soloists- the violin solos by the concertmaster, Guy Lumia, were especially fine- but one in which the core of traveling players and the body of men added locally had not had time to achieve much unity.    Mail orders are now being received for the series of concerts to be given this season under the auspices of the San Francisco Chamber Music Society.    The season will open at the new Hall of Flowers in Golden Gate Park on November 20 at 8:30 p& m& with a concert by the Mills Chamber Players.    Sustaining members may sign up at $25 for the ten-concert season; annual members may attend for $16. Participating members may attend five of the concerts for $9 (not all ten concerts as was erroneously announced earlier in The Chronicle).    Mail orders for the season and orders for single tickets at $2, may be addressed to the society, 1044 Chestnut street, San Francisco 9.    San Francisco firemen busied themselves last week with their annual voluntary task of fixing up toys for distribution to needy children.    Fire Fighters Local 798, which is sponsoring the toy program for the 12th straight year, issued a call for San Franciscans to turn in discarded toys, which will be repaired by off-duty firemen.    Toys will not be collected at firehouses this year. They will be accepted at all branches of the Bay View Federal Savings and Loan Association, at a collection center in the center of the Stonestown mall, and at the Junior Museum, 16th street and Roosevelt way.    From the collec   At last the White House is going to get some much-copied furniture by that master American craftsman, Duncan Phyfe, whose designs were snubbed in his lifetime when the U& S& Presidents of the 19th Century sent abroad for their furnishings.    The American Institute of Decorators has acquired a rare complete set of sofas and chairs which are to be placed in the Executive Mansion's library. The suite has been in the same family since the early 1800's. The gift is being presented by "heirs and descendants of the Rutherford family of New Jersey, whose famous estate, "Tranquility", was located near the Duncan Phyfe workshop at Andover, N& J&.    Authenticated pieces of Duncan Phyfe furniture are uncommon, although millions of American homes today display pieces patterned after the style trends he set 150 years ago. This acquisition is a matched, perfect set- consisting of two sofas six feet long, plus six sidechairs and two armchairs.    The ~AID has undertaken the redecoration of the *White House library as a project in connection with the work being done by First Lady Jacqueline Kennedy's Fine Arts Advisory Committee to secure antiques for the presidential home. It is the ~AID's intention to create in the library "a miniature museum of Americana" before completed refurbishing is unveiled early this fall.    The room will also feature another rarity many antiquarians would consider more important than the Duncan Phyfe furniture. The ~AID has found a mantlepiece attributed to Samuel McIntyre of Salem, Mass&, an architect and woodcarver who competed for the designing of the Capitol here in 1792.    The mantel was found in a recently demolished Salem house and is being fitted over the White House library fireplace. It will be painted to match the paneling in the room.    The ~AID committee's chairman in charge of the redecoration, Mrs& Henry Francis Lenygon, was in town yesterday to consult with White House staff members on the project. Mrs& Lenygon's committee associates, announced formally yesterday by the ~AID in New York, include Mrs& Allen Lehman McCluskey and Stephen J& Jussel, both wellknown Manhattan decorators. Regional representatives appointed to serve from each section of the country include Frank E& Barnes of Boston.    President Kennedy couldn't stay away from his desk for the 75-minute young people's concert played on the White House lawn yesterday by the 85-piece Transylvania Symphony Orchestra from Brevard, N& C&. But he left the doors to his office open so he could hear the music.    At 4 p& m& the President left the White House to welcome the young musicians, students from the ages of 12 to 18 who spend six weeks at the Brevard Music Center summer camp, and to greet the 325 crippled, cardiac and blind children from the District area who were special guests at the concert.    It was the first in the series of "Concerts for Young People by Young People" to be sponsored by First Lady Jacqueline Kennedy at the White House. She was not present yesterday, however, to enjoy the music or watch the faces of the delighted audience.    She is vacationing at the Kennedy summer home in Hyannis Port, Mass&, and in his welcoming remarks, the President said he was representing her.    As he approached the open bandstand, erected facing the South entrance to the Executive Mansion, the band struck up the "Star Spangled Banner" and followed it with "Hail to the Chief".    "I think they played Hail to the Chief better than the Marine Corps Band, and we are grateful to them", President Kennedy remarked after mounting the bandstand and shaking hands with conductor James Christian Pfohl.    After paying tribute to the conductor and his white-clad youthful students, President Kennedy said, "As an American I have the greatest possible pride in the work that is being done in dozens of schools stretching across the United States- schools where devoted teachers are studying with interested young men and women and opening up the whole wide horizon of serious music".    He added "I think that sometimes in this country we are not aware as we should be of the extraordinary work that is being done in this field".    Displaying his knowledge of music, the New England-born President remarked that "probably the best chamber music in the world is played in Vermont, by young Americans- and here in this school where they have produced extraordinary musicians and teachers, and their work is being duplicated all across the United States.    "This is a great national cultural asset, and therefore it is a great source of satisfaction to me, representing as I do today my wife, to welcome all of you here today at the White House".    As he left the bandstand to return to his office, the slender, sun-tanned Chief Executive paused along the way to shake hands with the members of the audience in wheel chairs forming the first row under the field tent set up for the guests.    He expressed surprise to learn that pretty, blonde Patricia Holbrook, 16, of Mount Rainier, had attended the Joseph P& Kennedy School for the Handicapped in Boston. "The nuns there do a wonderful work", the President commented. Patricia now attends the C& Melvin Sharpe Health School in the District.    Each of the children invited to the concert wore a name tag marked with a red, white and blue ribbon. They enjoyed lemonade and cookies served before and during the concert by teenage sons and daughters of members of the White House staff.    Many of the music-loving members of the President's staff gathered around the tent listening and watching the rapt attention given by the young seated audience. And it turned out to be more of a family affair than expected. Henry Hall Wilson, a student at the music camp 25 years ago and now on the President's staff as liaison representative with the House of Representatives, turned guest conductor for a Sousa march, the "Stars and Stripes Forever".    Transylvania Symphony Conductor Pfohl said yesterday that Mrs& Kennedy's Social Secretary, Letitia Baldrige, told about plans for White House youth concerts before the National Symphony OrchestFOR CRUCIAL ENCOUNTER One of the initial questions put to President Kennedy at his first news conference last January was about his attitude toward a meeting with Premier Khrushchev. Mr& Kennedy replied:    @ "I'm hopeful that from @ more traditional exchanges we can perhaps find greater common ground".    The President knew that a confrontation with Mr& Khrushchev sooner or later probably was inevitable and even desirable. But he was convinced that the realities of power- military, economic and ideological- were the decisive factors in the struggle with the Communists and that these could not be talked away at a heads of government meeting. He wanted to buy time to strengthen the U& S& and its allies and to define and begin to implement his foreign policy.    Last Friday the White House announced:    President Kennedy will meet with Soviet Premier Nikita S& Khrushchev in Vienna June 3 and 4.    The announcement came after a period of sharp deterioration in East-West relations. The heightened tension, in fact, had been a major factor in the President's change of view about the urgency of a meeting with the Soviet leader. He was not going to Vienna to negotiate- the simultaneous announcements in Washington and Moscow last week stressed that no formal negotiations were planned. But Mr& Kennedy had become convinced that a personal confrontation with Mr& Khrushchev might be the only way to prevent catastrophe.    That objective set the high stakes and drama of the Vienna meeting. Despite efforts by Washington last week to play down the significance of the meeting, it clearly was going to be one of the crucial encounters of the cold war. @ ROAD TO VIENNA The U& S& and Soviet heads of Government have met three times since Sir Winston Churchill in 1953 introduced a new word into international diplomacy with his call for a fresh approach to the problem of peace "at the summit of the nations".    The first time was in 1955 when a full-dress Big Four summit meeting produced the "spirit of Geneva". The spirit served chiefly to lull the West while Moscow made inroads into the Middle East.    In 1959 President Eisenhower and Premier Khrushchev held an informal session in the U& S&. That meeting produced the "spirit of Camp David"- a spirit, it later turned out, that masked a basic misunderstanding about progress toward a Berlin settlement.    On the third occasion- another Big Four summit session at Paris a year ago- there was no problem of an illusory "spirit". Premier Khrushchev wrecked the conference at its initial session with a bitter denunciation of the U& S& for the ~U-2 incident. The episode tended to confirm the U& S& belief that propaganda, the hope of one-sided concessions, and the chance to split the Allies, rather than genuine negotiation, were the Soviet leader's real aims in summitry. PRE-INAUGURAL POSITION Thus when Premier Khrushchev intimated even before inauguration that he hoped for an early meeting with the new President, Mr& Kennedy was confronted with a delicate problem. Shortly before his nomination he had set forth his basic view about the problem of negotiations with the Soviet leader in these words:    "As long as Mr& Khrushchev is convinced that the balance of world power is shifting his way, no amount of either smiles or toughness, neither Camp David talks nor kitchen debates, can compel him to enter fruitful negotiations".    The President had set for himself the task, which he believed vital, of awakening the U& S& and its allies to the hard and complex effort necessary to shift that balance. He did not want the effort weakened by any illusion that summit magic might make it unnecessary. He wanted time, too, to review the United States' global commitments and to test both the policies he had inherited and new ones he was formulating. Above all, he did not want to appear to be running hat in hand to Premier Khrushchev's doorstep. ATTITUDE FLEXIBLE At the same time the President took pains not to rule out an eventual meeting with the Soviet leader. Ideally, he knew, it should be preceded by concrete progress at lower levels. But Mr& Kennedy saw value even in an informal meeting, provided that undue hopes were not raised in connection with it. It would give him an opportunity to take the measure of his chief adversary in the cold war, to try to probe Mr& Khrushchev's intentions and to make clear his own views. Moreover, an eventual meeting was desirable if for no other reason than to satisfy world opinion that the U& S& was not inflexible and was sparing no effort to ease international tensions.    Both elements- the caution about a meeting, the willingness eventually to hold one- were reflected in a letter from the President which Ambassador Llewellyn E& Thompson brought back to Russia late in February. The letter, dated Feb& 22, was delivered to Premier Khrushchev in Novosibirsk, Siberia, on March 9. It dealt mainly with a broad range of East-West issues. But it also briefly suggested the possibility of a meeting with Mr& Khrushchev before the end of the year if the international climate were favorable and schedules permitted.    Developments over the next two months, however, caused the President to reconsider the question of the timing. There were intense discussions in the inner councils of the White House about the advisability of an early meeting, not because the international climate was improving, but precisely because it was deteriorating alarmingly. DEADLOCK ON TESTS The President was especially concerned about the deadlock in the nuclear test ban negotiations at Geneva. The deadlock has been caused by the Russians' new demand for a three-man (East, West and neutral) directorate, and thus a veto, over the control machinery. In the U& S&, strong pressures have been building up for a resumption of tests on grounds that the Russians may be secretly testing.    Mr& Kennedy was less troubled by that possibility than by the belief that a Geneva breakdown, or even continued stalemate, would mean an unchecked spread of nuclear weapons to other countries as well as a fatal blow to any hope for disarmament. There was reason to believe that Premier Khrush   There are, so my biologist friends tell me, mechanisms of adaptation and defense that are just too complete and too satisfactory. Mollusks are a case in point. The shell, which served the strain so well at a relatively early stage in the evolutionary scheme, tended to cancel out the possibility of future development. Though this may or may not be good biology, it does aptly illustrate the strength and the weakness of American Catholic higher education.    There can be no doubt that the American Catholic accomplishment in the field of higher education is most impressive: our European brethren never cease to marvel at the number and the size of our colleges and universities. The deeper wonder is how this miracle was accomplished in decades, rather than in centuries and by immigrant minorities at that. By way of explanation we ourselves are prone to imagine that this achievement stems from the same American Catholic zeal and generosity which brought the parochial school system into existence.    There is, however, one curious discrepancy in this broad and flattering picture. Viewing the American Catholic educational achievement in retrospect, we may indeed see it as a unified whole extending from grade school to university. But the simple truth is that higher education has never really been an official American Catholic project; certainly not in the same sense that the establishment of a parochial school system has been a matter of official policy.    Official encouragement is one thing, but the down-to-earth test is the allocation of diocesan and parochial funds. American Catholics have responded generously to bishops' and pastors' appeals for the support necessary to create parochial schools but they have not contributed in a similar fashion to the establishment of institutions of higher learning. They have not done so for the simple reason that such appeals have hardly ever been made. Diocesan authorities generally have not regarded this as their direct responsibility.    All of this may be understandable enough: it is, however, in fact difficult to see how diocesan authorities could have acted otherwise. Yet for better or for worse, the truth of the matter is that most American Catholic colleges do not owe their existence to general Catholic support but rather to the initiative, resourcefulness and sacrifices of individual religious communities. Community esprit de corps has been the protective shell which has made the achievement possible.    To understand the past history- and the future potential- of American Catholic higher education, it is necessary to appreciate the special character of the esprit d' corps of the religious community. It is something more than the arithmetical sum of individual totals of piety and detachment. A religious community with a vital sense of mission achieves a degree of group orientation and group identification seldom found elsewhere. The fact that the group orientation and group identification are founded on supernatural principles and nourished by the well-springs of devotion simply give them a deeper and more satisfying dimension. The net result is a uniquely satisfying sense of comradeship, the kind of comradeship which sparks enthusiasm and blunts the cutting edge of sacrifice and hardship.    American Catholic colleges and universities are, in a very real sense, the product of "private enterprise"- the "private enterprise" of religious communities. Had it not been for such private enterprise, diocesan authorities might of course have been goaded into establishing institutions subsidized by diocesan funds and parish collections and staffed by religious as paid employees. There is however no point in speculating about such a possibility: the fact of the matter is that our institutions of higher learning owe their existence to a spirit not unlike that which produces the "family business". This "family-community" spirit is the real explanation of the marvel of our achievement.  It is this spirit which explains some of the anomalies of American Catholic higher education, in particular the wasteful duplication apparent in some areas. I think for example of three women's colleges with pitifully small enrollments, clustered within a few miles of a major Catholic university, which is also co-educational. This is not an isolated example; this aspect of the total picture has been commented upon often enough. It would seem to represent esprit de corps run riot.    Apart, however, from the question of wasteful duplication, there is another aspect of the "family business" spirit in American Catholic higher education which deserves closer scrutiny. For while the past needs of the Church in this country may have been adequately met by collegiate institutions, which in temper and tone closely resembled junior colleges and finishing schools, it would seem that today's need is for the college which more closely resembles the university in its "pursuit of excellence". At the earlier "pre-academic excellence" stage of Catholic education, the operation could be conducted on an intra-mural community basis. But with today's demand for professional qualifications and specialized training, the need for "outsiders" become more pressing.  The problem is not merely that more "outside teachers" are needed but that a different brand is called for. Commenting on the earlier stage, the Notre Dame Chapter of the American Association of University Professors (in a recent report on the question of faculty participation in administrative decision-making) noted that the term "teacher-employee" (as opposed to, e&g&, "maintenance employee") was a not inapt description. Today however, the "outsider" is likely to have professional qualifications of the highest order (otherwise the college would not be interested in hiring him) and to be acclimatized to the democratic processes of the secular or state university. And while no one expects total democracy on the academic scene, the scholar will be particularly sensitive to a line between first and second class citizenship drawn on any basis other than that of academic rank or professional achievement.    In the above mentioned report of the Notre Dame Chapter of the American Association of University Professors, the basic outlook of Sen& John& McClellan of Arkansas and Rep& David Martin of Nebraska are again beating the drums to place the unions under the anti-monopoly laws. Once more the fallacious equation is advanced to argue that since business is restricted under the anti-monopoly laws, there must be a corresponding restriction against labor unions: the law must treat everybody equally. Or, in the words of Anatole France, "The law in its majestic equality must forbid the rich, as well as the poor, from begging in the streets and sleeping under bridges".    The public atmosphere that has been generated which makes acceptance of this law a possibility stems from the disrepute into which the labor movement has fallen as a result of Mr& McClellan's hearings into corruption in labor-management relations and, later, into the jurisdictional squabbles that plagued industrial relations at the missile sites. The Senator was shocked by stoppages over allegedly trivial disputes that delayed our missile program. In addition, disclosures that missile workers were earning sums far in excess of what is paid for equivalent work elsewhere provoked his indignation on behalf of the American taxpayer who was footing the bill.    It is now disclosed that the taxpayer not only pays for high wages, but he pays the employers' strike expenses when the latter undertakes to fight a strike. Business Week (Aug& 9, 1961) reports that the United Aircraft Company, against which the International Association of Machinists had undertaken a strike, decided to keep its plants operating. The company incurred some $10 million of expenses attributable to four factors: advertising to attract new employees, hiring and training them, extra overtime, and defective work performed by the new workers. The company has billed the United States Government for $7,500,000 of these expenses under the Defense Department regulation allowing costs of a type generally recognized as ordinary and necessary for the conduct of the contractor's business.    Rep& Frank Kowalski of Connecticut has brought this problem to the attention of the Armed Services Committee. The committee remains unresponsive. Neither has Congressman Martin nor Senator McClellan been heard from on the matter; they are preoccupied with ending labor abuses by extending the anti-monopoly laws to the unions.  THE RECENT publicity attending the successful federal prosecution of a conspiracy indictment against a number of electrical manufacturers has evoked a new respect for the anti-trust laws that is justified neither by their rationale nor by the results they have obtained. The anti-trust laws inform a business that it must compete, but along completely undefined lines; it must play a game in which there never is a winner. The fact is that any business that wants to operate successfully cannot follow the law. Hypocrisy thus becomes the answer to a foolish public policy.    Let us look at the heavy-electrical-goods industry in which General Electric, Westinghouse and a number of other manufacturers were recently convicted of engaging in a conspiracy to rig prices and allocate the market. The industry is so structured that price-setting by a multi-product company will vary with the way overhead charges are allocated- whether marginal or average pricing is applied.    The problem becomes even more complex where an enterprise is engaged in the manufacture of a wide variety of other goods in addition to the heavy electrical equipment. Accounting procedures can be varied to provide a rationale for almost any price. Naturally, enterprises of the size of General Electric are in a position to structure their prices in such a way that the relatively small competitors can be forced to the wall in a very short time. Should these giants really flex their competitive muscles, they would become the only survivors in the industry. Uncle Sam would then accuse them of creating a monopoly by "unfair competition". But if they show self-restraint, they don't get the orders.    Under the circumstances, the only protection for the relatively small manufacturers is to engage in exactly the kind of conspiracy with the giants for which the latter were convicted. Engaging in such a conspiracy was an act of mercy by the giants. The paradox implicit in the whole affair is shown by the demand of the government, after the conviction, that General Electric sign a wide-open consent decree that it would not reduce prices so low as to compete seriously with its fellows. In other words, the anti-trust laws, designed to reduce prices to the consumer on Monday, Wednesday and Friday, become a tool to protect the marginal manufacturer on Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday. And which theory would govern the enforcers of the law on Sunday?  The question might be asked: "Don't the managements of the heavy-electrical-goods manufacturers know these facts? Why did they engage in a flood of mea culpas, throw a few scapegoats to the dogs and promise to be good boys thereafter, expressing their complete confidence in the laws"?    The past usefulness of the anti-trust laws to management was explained by Thurman Arnold, in The Folklore of Capitalism, back in 1937. He wrote: "the anti-trust laws were the answer of a society which unconsciously felt the need of great organizations, and at the same time had to deny them a place in the moral and logical ideology of the social structure. Anti-trust laws became the greatest protection to uncontrolled business dictatorship.  When corporate abuses were attacked, it was done on the theory that criminal penalties would be invoked rather than control. In this manner, every scheme for direct control broke to pieces on the great protective rock of the anti-trust laws. In any event, it is obvious that the anti-trust laws did not prevent the formation of some of the greatest financial empires the world has ever known, held together by some of the most fantastic ideas, all based on the fundamental notion that a corporation is an individual who can trade and exchange goods without control by the government".    This escape from control has led to management's evaluating the risk of occasional irrational prosecution as worth while. A plea of nolo contendere, followed by a nominal THE NATION _THE THREE-FRONT WAR_    At a closed-door session on Capitol Hill last week, Secretary of State Christian Herter made his final report to the Senate Foreign Relations Committee on U&S& affairs abroad. Afterward, Tennessee's Democratic Senator Albert Gore summed it up for newsmen. What Herter presented, said Gore, was "not a very encouraging review". That was something of an understatement in a week when the underlying conflict between the West and Communism erupted on three fronts. While Communists were undermining United Nations efforts to rescue the Congo from chaos, two other Communist offensives stirred the Eisenhower Administration into emergency conferences and serious decisions. _1) CUBA._    Hours after a parade of his new Soviet tanks and artillery, Dictator Fidel Castro suddenly confronted the U&S& with a blunt and drastic demand: within 48 hours, the U&S& had to reduce its embassy and consulate staffs in Cuba to a total of eleven persons (the embassy staff alone totaled 87 U&S& citizens, plus 120 Cuban employees). President Eisenhower held an 8:30 a&m& meeting with top military and foreign-policy advisers, decided to break off diplomatic relations immediately. "There is a limit to what the United States in self-respect can endure", said the President. "That limit has now been reached".    Through Secretary Herter, Ike offered President-elect Kennedy an opportunity to associate his new Administration with the breakoff decision. Kennedy, through Secretary-designate of State Dean Rusk, declined. He thus kept his hands free for any action after Jan& 20, although reaction to the break was generally favorable in the U&S& and Latin America (see The Hemisphere). _2) LAOS._    After a White House huddle between the President and top lieutenants, the Defense Department reacted sharply to a cry from the pro-Western government of Laos that several battalions of Communist troops had invaded Laos from North Viet Nam. "In view of the present situation in Laos", said the Pentagon's announcement, "we are taking normal precautionary actions to increase the readiness of our forces in the Pacific". Cutting short a holiday at Hong Kong, the aircraft carriers Lexington and Bennington steamed off into the South China Sea, accompanied by a swarm of destroyers, plus troopships loaded with marines. On the U&S&'s island base of Okinawa, Task Force 116, made up of Army, Navy, Marine and Air Force units, got braced to move southward on signal.    But by week's end the Laotian cry of invasion was read as an exaggeration (see Foreign News), and the U&S& was agreeing with its cautious British and French allies that a neutralist- rather than a pro-Western- government might be best for Laos. _FRENCH + INDIANS._    There was a moral of sorts in the Laotian situation that said much about all other cold-war fronts. Political, economic and military experts were all agreed that chaotic, mountainous little Laos was the last place in the world to fight a war- and they were probably right. "It would be like fighting the French and Indian War all over again", said one military man. But why was Laos the new Southeast Asian battleground?    At Geneva in 1954, to get the war in Indo-China settled, the British and French gave in to Russian and Communist Chinese demands and agreed to the setting up of a Communist state, North Viet Nam- which then, predictably, became a base for Communist operations against neighboring South Viet Nam and Laos. The late Secretary of State John Foster Dulles considered the 1954 Geneva agreement a specimen of appeasement, saw that resolution would be needed to keep it from becoming a calamity for the West. He began the diplomatic discussions that resulted in the establishment of ~SEATO. "The important thing from now on", he said, "is not to mourn the past but to seize the future opportunity to prevent the loss in northern Viet Nam from leading to the extension of Communism throughout Southeast Asia".    Russian tanks and artillery parading through the streets of Havana, Russian intrigue in the Congo, and Russian arms drops in Laos (using the same Ilyushin transports that were used to carry Communist agents to the Congo) made it plain once more that the cold war was all of a piece in space and time. Soviet Premier Khrushchev sent New Year's hopes for peace to President-elect Kennedy, and got a cool acknowledgment in reply. Considering the state of the whole world, the cold war's three exposed fronts did not seem terribly ominous; but, in Senator Gore's words, it was "not a very encouraging" situation that would confront John F& Kennedy on Inauguration Day. THE CONGRESS _TURMOIL IN THE HOUSE_    As the 87th Congress began its sessions last week, liberal Democrats were ready for a finish fight to open the sluice gates controlled by the House Rules Committee and permit the free flow of liberal legislation to the floor. The liberal pressure bloc (which coyly masquerades under the name Democratic Study Group) had fought the committee before, and had always lost. This time, they were much better prepared and organized, and the political climate was favorable. They had the unspoken support of President-elect Kennedy, whose own legislative program was menaced by the Rules Committee bottleneck. And counting noses, they seemed to have the votes to work their will. _DEADLY DEADLOCK._    There were two possible methods of breaching the conservative barriers around the Rules Committee: 1) to pack it with additional liberals and break the conservative-liberal deadlock, or 2) to remove one of the conservatives- namely Mississippi's 14-term William Meyers Colmer (pronounced Calmer). Caucusing, the liberals decided to go after Colmer, which actually was the more drastic course, since seniority in the House is next to godliness.    A dour, gangling man with a choppy gait, Colmer looks younger than his 70 years, has gradually swung from a moderate, internationalist position to that of a diehard conservative. He is generally and initially suspicious of any federal project, unless it happens to benefit his Gulf Coast constituents. He is, of course, a segregationist, but he says he has never made an "anti-Negro" speech. For 20 years he has enjoyed his power on the Rules Committee. There his vote, along with those of Chairman Howard Smith, the courtly   The Masters golf tournament proved last Monday what it can do to the strongest men and the staunchest nerves. Gary Player, the small, trim South African, was the eventual winner, but in all his 25 years he never spent a more harrowing afternoon as he waited for the victory to drop in his lap. Arnold Palmer, the defending champion, lost his title on the 72nd hole after a few minutes of misfortune that left even his fellow pros gaping in disbelief.    "Just when you think you have it licked, this golf course can get up and bite you", Player had said one afternoon midway through the tournament. And that is just what happened on the last few holes. The Augusta National Golf Club Course got up and bit both Player and Palmer.    Player was the first to feel its teeth. After playing a splendid first nine holes in 34- two strokes under par- on this fifth and final day of the tournament (Sunday's fourth round had been washed out by a violent rainstorm when it was only half completed), Player's game rapidly fell to pieces. He bogeyed the 10th. After a journey through woods and stream he double-bogeyed the 13th. He bogeyed the 15th by missing a short putt and finally scrambled through the last three holes without further mishap for a 2-over-par 74 and a 72-hole total of 280.    As he signed his scorecard and walked off the course, Player was almost in tears. He could read on the nearby scoreboard that Palmer, by then playing the 15th hole, was leading him by a stroke. Palmer had started the round four strokes behind Player, and at one point in the afternoon had trailed by as many as six strokes. Now all he had to do was finish in even par to collect the trophy and the biggest single paycheck in golf.    When Palmer hit a good straight drive up the fairway on the 72nd hole, he seemed to have the championship won. But the seven-iron shot he used to approach the green strayed into a bunker and lodged in a slight depression. In trying to hit it out with a sand wedge Palmer bounced the ball over the green, past spectators and down the slope toward a ~TV tower.    Afterwards, Palmer told Charlie Coe, his last-round partner, that he simply played the hole too fast. He did seem hasty on his second and third shots, but then there was an agonizing wait of several minutes while Coe graciously putted out, giving Palmer a chance to recover his composure, which he had quite visibly lost.    When the shaken Palmer finally did hit his fourth shot, he overshot the hole by 15 feet. Palmer was now putting merely for a tie, and Player, who was sitting beside his wife and watching it all on television in Tournament Chairman Clifford Roberts' clubhouse apartment, stared in amazement when Palmer missed the putt.    Palmer's 281 for the four rounds at Augusta was a comfortable four strokes ahead of the next closest pro, but it was barely good enough for a second-place tie with Coe. The lean and leathery Oklahoma amateur, who has been playing topnotch tournament golf for many years, refused to let the Masters jitters overtake him and closed the tournament with his second straight 69. END AT SEVEN Until late last Saturday afternoon Palmer had played seven consecutive rounds of golf at the Masters- four last year and three this- without ever being out of first place. As evening approached and Palmer finished his Saturday round with a disappointing one-over-par 73, this remarkable record was still intact, thanks to his Thursday and Friday rounds of 68 and 69. His three-round total of 210 was three strokes better than the next best score, a 213 by Bill Collins, the tall and deliberate Baltimorean who had been playing very well all winter long.    But Palmer knew, as did everybody else at Augusta, that his streak was about to be broken. Half an hour after he finished his round, Player holed out at the 18th green with a 69 and a three-round total of 206, four strokes ahead of Palmer.    More than a streak had ended. Long after the erratic climate and the washed-out final round on Sunday have become meteorological footnotes, the 1961 Masters will be remembered as the scene of the mano a mano between Arnold Palmer and Gary Player. Unlike most such sports rivalries, it appeared to have developed almost spontaneously, although this was not exactly the case.    When the winter tour began at Los Angeles last January there was no one in sight to challenge Palmer's towering prestige. As if to confirm his stature, he quickly won three of the first eight tournaments. Player won only one. But as the tour reached Pensacola a month ago, Player was leading Palmer in official winnings by a few hundred dollars, and the rest of the field was somewhere off in nowhere. On the final round at Pensacola, the luck of the draw paired Palmer and Player in the same threesome and, although it was far from obvious at the time, the gallery was treated to the first chapter of what promises to be one of the most exciting duels in sport for a long time to come.    On that final Sunday at Pensacola neither Palmer nor Player was leading the tournament and, as it turned out, neither won it. But whichever of these two finished ahead of the other would be the undisputed financial leader of the tour. Player immediately proved he was not in the least awed by the dramatic proximity of Palmer. He outplayed Palmer all around the course and finished with a tremendous 65 to Palmer's 71. Thereafter, until the Masters, Player gradually increased his lead over Palmer in winnings and added one more tournament victory at Miami. When they reached Augusta last week, together    When Mickey Charles Mantle, the New York Yankees' man of muscle, drives a home run 450 feet into the bleachers, his feat touches upon the sublime. When Roger Eugene Maris, Mantle's muscular teammate, powers four home runs in a double-header, his performance merits awe. But when tiny, 145-pound Albert Gregory Pearson of the Los Angeles Angels, who once caught three straight fly balls in center field because, as a teammate explained, "the other team thought no one was out there", hits seven home runs in four months (three more than his total in 1958, 1959, and 1960), his achievement borders on the ridiculous. This is Baseball 1961. This is the year home runs ranged from the sublime to the ridiculous.    It is the year when (1) amiable Jim Gentile of the Baltimore Orioles ambled to the plate in consecutive innings with the bases loaded and, in unprecedented style, delivered consecutive grand-slam home runs; (2) Willie Mays of the San Francisco Giants borrowed a teammate's bat and became the ninth big leaguer to stroke four home runs in a game; (3) the Milwaukee Braves tied a major-league record with fourteen home runs in three games and lost two of them; and (4) catcher Johnny Blanchard of the New York Yankees matched a record with home runs in four successive times at bat, two of them as a pinch-hitter.    Pitchers grumble about lively balls and lively bats, the shrinking strike zone, and the fact that the knock-down pitch is now illegal. Experts point to the thinning of pitching talent in the American League caused by expansion. Whatever the reasons, not in 30 years has a single season produced such thunderous assaults upon the bureau of baseball records, home-run division.    Of all the records in peril, one stands apart, dramatic in its making, dramatic in its endurance, and now, doubly dramatic in its jeopardy. This, of course, is baseball's most remarkable mark: The 60 home runs hit in 1927 by the incorrigible epicure, the incredible athlete, George Herman (Babe) Ruth of the Yankees.    Since 1927, fewer than a dozen men have made serious runs at Babe Ruth's record and each, in turn, has been thwarted. What ultimately frustrated every challenger was Ruth's amazing September surge. In the final month of the 1927 season, he hit seventeen home runs, a closing spurt never matched. DOUBLE THREAT: Always, in the abortive attacks upon Ruth's record, one man alone- a Jimmy Foxx (58 in 1932) or a Hank Greenberg (58 in 1938) or a Hack Wilson (56 in 1930)- made the bid. But now, for the first time since Lou Gehrig (with 47 home runs) spurred Ruth on in 1927, two men playing for the same team have zeroed in on 60. Their names are Mantle and Maris, their team is the Yankees, and their threat is real.    After 108 games in 1927, Ruth had 35 home runs. After 108 games in 1961, Mickey Mantle has 43, Roger Maris 41. Extend Mantle's and Maris's present paces over the full 1961 schedule of 162 games, and, mathematically, each will hit more than 60 home runs. This is the great edge the two Yankees have going for them. To better Ruth's mark, neither needs a spectacular September flourish. All Mantle needs is eight more home runs in August and ten in September, and he will establish a new record. In Ruth's day- and until this year- the schedule was 154 games. Baseball commissioner Ford Frick has ruled that Ruth's record will remain official unless it is broken in 154 games.)    "Even on the basis of 154 games, this is the ideal situation", insists Hank Greenberg, now vice-president of the Chicago White Sox. "It has to be easier with two of them. How can you walk Maris to get to Mantle"? ROOMMATES: Neither Mantle nor Maris, understandably, will predict 60 home runs for himself. Although both concede they would like to hit 60, they stick primarily to the baseball player's standard quote: "The important thing is to win the pennant". But one thing is for certain: There is no dissension between Mantle, the American League's Most Valuable Player in 1956 and 1957, and Maris, the ~MVP in 1960. Each enjoys seeing the other hit home runs ("I hope Roger hits 80", Mantle says), and each enjoys even more seeing himself hit home runs ("and I hope I hit 81").    The sluggers get along so well in fact, that with their families at home for the summer (Mantle's in Dallas, Maris's in Kansas City), they are rooming together. Mantle, Maris, and Bob Cerv, a utility outfielder, share an apartment in Jamaica, Long Island, not far from New York International Airport. The three pay $251 a month for four rooms (kitchen, dining room, living room, and bedroom), with air-conditioning and new modern furniture. Mantle and Cerv use the twin beds in the bedroom; Maris sleeps on a green studio couch in the living room. They divide up the household chores: Cerv does most of the cooking (breakfast and sandwich snacks, with dinner out), Mantle supplies the transportation (a white 1961 Oldsmobile convertible), and Maris drives the 25-minute course from the apartment house to Yankee Stadium. Mantle, Maris, and Cerv probably share one major-league record already: Among them, they have fifteen children- eight for Cerv, four for Mantle, and three for Maris.    As roommates, teammates, and home-run mates, Mantle, 29, who broke in with the Yankees ten years ago, and Maris, 26, who came to the Yankees from Kansas City two years ago, have strikingly similar backgrounds. Both were scholastic stars in football, basketball, and baseball (Mantle in Commerce, Okla&, Maris in Fargo, N&D&); as halfbacks, both came close to playing football at the University of Oklahoma ("Sometimes in the minors", Maris recalls, "I wished I had gone to Oklahoma").    To an extent, the two even look alike. Both have blue eyes and short blond hair. Both are 6 feet tall and weigh between 195 and 200 pou   Into Washington on President-elect John F& Kennedy's Convair, the Caroline, winged Actor-Crooner Frank Sinatra and his close Hollywood pal, Cinemactor Peter Lawford, Jack Kennedy's brother-in-law. Also included in the entourage: a dog in a black sweater, Frankie and Peter had an urgent mission: to stage a mammoth Inauguration Eve entertainment gala in the capital's National Guard Armory. Frankie was fairly glutted with ideas, as he had hinted upon his arrival: "It's really tremendous when you think Ella Fitzgerald is coming from Australia. I could talk to you for three hours and still not be able to give you all of our plans"! As the plans were laid, some several thousand fat cats were to be ensconced in the armory's $100 seats and in 68 ringside boxes priced at $10,000 each. The biggest single act would doubtless be staged by Frankie himself: his Inaugural wardrobe had been designed by Hollywood Couturier Don Loper, who regularly makes up ladies' ensembles. Soon after Loper leaked the news that Frankie had ordered "two of everything" just "in case he spills anything", Frankie got so mad at the chic designer that he vowed he would not wear a stitch of Loper clothing. @  A year after he was catapulted over nine officers senior to him and made commandant of the Marine Corps, General David M& Shoup delivered a peppery annual report in the form of a "happy, warless New Year" greeting to his Pentagon staff. Said Leatherneck Shoup: "A year ago I took the grips of the plow in my hands. After pushing an accumulation of vines and weeds from the moldboard, I lifted the lines from the dust and found hitched to that plow the finest team I ever held a rein on. Little geeing and hawing have been necessary". But Shoup also gave the Corps a tilling in spots. Speaking of "pride", he deplored the noncommissioned officer "whose uniform looks like it belonged to someone who retired in 1940; the officer with the yellow socks or the bay window. A few of these people are still around". @  Old and new briefly crossed paths in the U&S& Senate, then went their respective ways. At a reception for new members of Congress, Oregon Democrat Maurine Neuberger, taking the Senate seat held by her husband Richard until his death last March, got a brotherly buss from Democratic Elder Statesman Adlai Stevenson, U&S& Ambassador-designate to the U&N&. Meanwhile, after 24 years in the Senate, Rhode Island's durable Democrat Theodore Francis Greene- having walked, swum and cerebrated himself to the hearty age of 93- left that august body (voluntarily, because he could surely have been re-elected had he chosen to run again last November), as the oldest man ever to serve in the Senate. @  The most famous undergraduate of South Philadelphia High School is a current bobby-sox idol, Dreamboat Cacophonist Fabian (real name: Fabian Forte), 17, and last week it developed that he will remain an undergraduate for a while. The principal of the school announced that- despite the help of private tutors in Hollywood and Philadelphia- Fabian is a 10-o'clock scholar in English and mathematics. Lacking his needed credits in those subjects, Fabian will not graduate with his old classmates next week. South Philadelphia High's principal added that the current delay was caused by the "pressure" of a movie that the toneless lad was making. @  To Decathlon Man Rafer Johnson (Time cover, Aug& 29), whose gold medal in last summer's Olympic Games was won as much on gumption as talent, went the A&A&U&'s James E& Sullivan Memorial Trophy as the outstanding U&S& amateur athlete of 1960. As the world's top sportsman- pro or amateur- Sports Illustrated tapped golf's confident Arnold Palmer (Time cover, May 2), who staged two cliffhanging rallies to win both the Masters and U&S& Open crowns, went on to win a record $80,738 for the year. @  Tooling through Sydney on his way to race in the New Zealand Grand Prix, Britain's balding Ace Driver Stirling Moss, 31, all but smothered himself in his own exhaust of self-crimination. "I'm a slob", he announced. "My taste is gaudy. I'm useless for anything but racing cars. I'm ruddy lazy, and I'm getting on in years. It gets so frustrating, but then again I don't know what I could do if I gave up racing". Has Moss no stirling virtues? "I appreciate beauty". @  One of Nikita Khrushchev's most enthusiastic eulogizers, the U&S&S&R&'s daily Izvestia, enterprisingly interviewed Red-prone Comedian Charlie Chaplin at his Swiss villa, where he has been in self-exile since 1952. Chaplin, 71, who met K& when the Soviet boss visited England in 1956, confided that he hopes to visit Russia some time this summer because "I have marveled at your grandiose experiment and I believe in your future". Then Charlie spooned out some quick impressions of the Nikita he had glimpsed: "I was captivated by his humor, frankness and good nature and by his kind, strong and somewhat sly face".    G& David Thompson is one of those names known to the stewards of transatlantic jetliners and to doormen in Europe's best hotels, but he is somewhat of an enigma to most people in his own home town of Pittsburgh. There the name vaguely connotes new-rich wealth, a reputation for eccentricity, and an ardor for collecting art. Last week, in the German city of Du^sseldorf, G& David Thompson was making headlines that could well give Pittsburgh pause. On display were 343 first-class paintings and sculptures from his fabled collection- and every single one of them was up for sale.    Like Philadelphia's late Dr& Albert C& Barnes who kept his own great collection closed to the general public (Time, Jan& 2), Thompson, at 61, is something of a legend in his own lifetime. He made his fortune during World War /2, when he took over a number of dying steel plants and kept them alive until the boom. Even before he hit big money, he had begun buying modern paintings. He gave the impression of never having read a word about art, but there was no doubt that he had an eye for the best.    He was able to smell a bargain- and a masterpiece- a contin   A philosopher may point out that the troubles of the Congo began with the old Adam and consequently will never end. But a historian might put his finger on a specific man and date, and hold out the hope that the troubles will sometime pass away. The man was King Leopold 2, of the Belgians, who in 1885 concluded that he had better grab a colony while the grabbing was still good. By force, he took under his protection, or stole, 900,000 square miles of wilderness in Central Africa. This is an area nearly as large as Western Europe; and it was filled then as now by quarreling tribes with no political or historical unity. Its boundaries had nothing to do with geography or ethnic groupings; they were determined by the points at which Leopold's explorers and gunmen got tired of walking.    The population of the Congo is 13.5 million, divided into at least seven major "culture clusters" and innumerable tribes speaking 400 separate dialects. The religions of the people include Christianity, Mohammedanism, paganism, ancestor worship and animism. The climate ranges from the steamily equatorial to the temperate. The hospitals contain patients trampled by elephants or run over by sports cars. To make one nation out of these disparities would be a problem large enough in any case; it has been made far more difficult by what the Belgians have done, or failed to do, in the Congo since 1885.    At first the Belgian royal family administered the Congo as its own private property. But by 1908 its record of brutality had touched the national conscience. The Belgian government itself took over administration, commencing a program of paternalism unmatched in the history of colonialism. One definition of paternalism is "The principle or practice, on the part of a government, of managing the affairs of a country in the manner of a father dealing with his children". The honor of the Belgians in this matter is not to be questioned- only their judgment. Ordinarily a father permits his children to grow up in due time- but when the colony received independence in 1960 the Congolese child, if one imagines him to have been born in 1908, was 52 and had until then been treated as an infant.  The Belgians were interested primarily in the economic development of the Congo, which is rich in copper, tin, cobalt, manganese, zinc, and uranium, and cotton and palm oil. The colony was administered from Brussels, with neither the Congolese nor the resident Belgians having any vote. The beneficiaries of this administration were a number of huge cartels in which both individuals and the Belgian government itself held stock. In Inside Africa, John Gunther describes one of these, the Societe Generale, as "the kind of colossus that might be envisaged if, let us say, the House of Morgan, Anaconda Copper, the Mutual Life Insurance Company of New York, the Pennsylvania Railroad, and various companies producing agricultural products were lumped together, with the United States government as a heavy partner".    Had they been truly ruthless, the Belgians might have exploited the Congolese without compassion. But they were not. They provided a social security system which covered all their African employes; their program of mass medical care was doubtless the best on the continent; they put much effort into public housing. They also instituted a ration system under which all employers in the Congo were required to furnish their employes with clothing and adequate food. But instead of delivering the ration- either in actual commodities or in cash- at intervals of perhaps two weeks or a month, the Belgians felt obliged to dole it out more often. Would not the children, if they received all their food on the first day of the month, eat it up immediately, and later go hungry?    The Belgians also placed great emphasis on education. During the 1950s there were as many as 25,000 schools in the Congo. But almost all the schools were primary. The average Congolese can do little more than puzzle out the meaning of "la chatte" and "le chien" and write his name. Some schools were technical- the Belgians needed carpenters and mechanics to help exploit the land, and trained many. But they did not believe in widespread secondary education, much less in college. It was their conviction that the people should be "brought up together", a grade at a time, until in some indefinite future some might be ready to tackle history, economics and political science. Indeed, the Belgians discouraged higher education, fearing the creation of a native intellectual elite which might cause unrest. When the Congo received its independence in 1960 there were, among its 13.5 million people, exactly 14 university graduates.  Why did the Belgians grant independence to a colony so manifestly unprepared to accept it? In one large oversimplification, it might be said that the Belgians felt, far too late, the gale of nationalism sweeping Africa. They lacked time to prepare the Congo, as the British and French had prepared their colonies. The Congolese were clamoring for their independence, even though most were unsure what it meant; and in Brussels, street crowds shouted, "Pas une goutte de sang!" (Not one drop of blood!). The Belgians would not fight for the privilege of being the detested pedagogue; rather than teach where teaching was not wanted, they would wash their hands of the mess. It is hard to blame them for this. Yet there were other motivations and actions which the Belgians took after independence for which history may not find them guiltless.    As the time for independence approached there were in the Congo no fewer than 120 political parties, or approximately eight for each university graduate. There were four principal ones. First, there were those Congolese (among them Joseph Kasavubu) who favored splitting the country into small independent states, Balkanizing it. Second, there were those (Moise Tshombe) who favored near-Balkanization, a loose federalism having a central government of limited authority, with much power residing in the states. Third, there were those (notably Patrice Lumumba) who favored a unified Congo with a very strong central government. And THE PRESIDENCY: TALKING AND LISTENING Though President John F& Kennedy was primarily concerned with the crucial problems of Berlin and disarmament adviser McCloy's unexpected report from Khrushchev, his new enthusiasm and reliance on personal diplomacy involved him in other key problems of U&S& foreign policy last week.    High up on the President's priority list was the thorny question of Bizerte. On this issue, the President received a detailed report from his U&N& Ambassador Adlai Stevenson, who had just returned from Paris, and Mr& Kennedy asked Stevenson to search for a face-saving way- for both Paris and Tunis- out of the imbroglio. Ideally, the President would like the French to agree on a "status quo ante" on Bizerte, and accept a new timetable for withdrawing their forces from the Mediterranean base. To continue their important conversations about the Tunisian issue and the whole range of other problems, Mr& Kennedy invited stevenson to Cape Cod for the weekend.    The President also discussed the Bizerte deadlock with the No& 2 man in the Tunisian Government, Defense Minister Bahi Ladgham, who flew to Washington last week to seek U&S& support. The conversation apparently convinced Mr& Kennedy that the positions of France and Tunisia were not irreconcilable. Through Ladgham, Mr& Kennedy sent a message along those lines to Tunisian President Habib Bourguiba; and one U&S& official said: "The key question now is which side picks up the phone first".    On the Latin American front, the President held talks with Secretary of the Treasury Douglas Dillon before sending him to Uruguay and the Inter-American Economic and Social Council (which the President himself had originally hoped to attend). Main purpose of the meeting: To discuss President Kennedy's Alliance for Progress.    And that was not all. In conferences with Nationalist China's dapper, diminutive Vice President Chen Cheng, Mr& Kennedy assured Chiang Kai-shek's emissary that the U&S& is as firmly opposed as ever to the admission of Red China to the United Nations. Chen was equally adamant in his opposition to the admission of Outer Mongolia; however the President, who would like to woo the former Chinese province away from both Peking and Moscow, would promise Chen nothing more than an abstention by the U&S& if Outer Mongolia's admission comes to a vote.    The President also conferred with emissaries from Guatemala and Nepal who are seeking more foreign aid. To Africa, he sent his most trusted adviser, his brother, Attorney General Robert Kennedy, on a good-will mission to the Ivory Coast. All week long the President clearly was playing a larger personal role in foreign affairs; in effect, he was practicing what he preached in his Berlin message two weeks ago when he declared: "We shall always be prepared to discuss international problems with any and all nations that are willing to talk, and listen, with reason". CRIME: 'SKYJACKED' From International Airport in Los Angeles to International Airport in Houston, as the great four-jet Boeing 707 flies, is a routine five hours and 25 minutes, including stopovers at Phoenix, El Paso, and San Antonio. When Continental Airlines night-coach Flight 54 took off at 11:30 one night last week, there was no reason to think it would take any longer.    The plane put down on schedule at 1:35 a&m& in Phoenix. Thirty-one minutes later, when it took off for El Paso, hardly anyone of the crew of six or the 65 other passengers paid any attention to the man and teen-age boy who had come aboard. At 3:58 a&m&, with the plane about twenty minutes out of El Paso, passenger Robert Berry, a San Antonio advertising man, glanced up and saw the man and boy, accompanied by a stewardess, walking up the aisle toward the cockpit. "The man was bent over with his hand on his stomach", Berry said. "I figured he was sick".    John Salvador, a farmer from Palm Desert, Calif&, was sitting up front and could see through the door as the trio entered the cockpit. "The kid had a .45 automatic, like they issue in the Army", he said. "The other fellow had a .38". Salvador saw the youth hold his .45 against the head of stewardess Lois Carnegey; the man put his .38 at the head of Capt& Byron D& Rickards.    To Rickards, a 52-year-old veteran 30 years in the air, it was an old story: His plane was being hijacked in mid-flight again much as it had happened in 1930, when Peruvian rebels made him land a Ford tri-motor at Arequipa. But last week's pirates, like the Cuban-American who recently hijacked an Eastern Airlines Electra (Newsweek, Aug& 7), wanted to go to Havana. _STALLING:_    "Tell your company there are four of us here with guns", the elder man told Rickards. The pilot radioed El Paso International Airport with just that message. But, he told the "skyjackers", the 707 didn't carry enough fuel to reach Havana; they would have to refuel at El Paso.    Most passengers didn't know what had happened until they got on the ground. Jerry McCauley of Sacramento, Calif&, one of some twenty Air Force recruits on board, awoke from a nap in confusion. "The old man came from the front of the plane and said he wanted four volunteers to go to Cuba", McCauley said, "and like a nut I raised my hand. I thought he was the Air Force recruiter".    What the man wanted was four persons to volunteer as hostages, along with the crew. They chose four: Jack Casey, who works for Continental Airlines in Houston; Fred Mullen from Mercer Island, Wash&; Pfc& Truman Cleveland of St& Augustine. Fla&, and Leonard Gilman, a former college boxer and veteran of the U&S& Immigration Service Border Patrol. Everybody else was allowed to file off the plane after it touched down at El Paso at 4:18 a&m&.    They found a large welcoming group- El Paso policemen, Border Patrol, sheriff's deputies, and ~FBI men, who surged around the plane with rifles and submarine guns. Other ~FBI men, talking with the pilot from the tower, conspired with him to delay the proposed flight to    Holders of toll-road bonds are finding improvements in monthly reports on operation of the turnpikes.    Long-term trend of traffic on these roads seems clearly upward. Higher toll rates also are helping boost revenues.    Result is a better prospect for a full payoff by bonds that once were regarded as highly speculative.    Things are looking up these days for many of the State turnpikes on which investors depend for income from their toll-road bonds.    traffic on nearly all the turnpikes has been growing. That added traffic means rising streams of dimes and quarters at toll gates.    As a result of the new outlook for turnpikes, investors who bought toll-road bonds when these securities ranked as outright speculations are now finding new hope for their investments.    Another result is that buyers are tending to bid up the prices of these tax-exempt bonds.    Other tax-exempt bonds of State and local governments hit a price peak on February 21, according to Standard + Poor's average. On balance, prices of those bonds have slipped a bit since then. However, in the same three-month period, toll-road bonds, as a group, have bucked this trend. On these bonds, price rises since February 21 easily outnumber price declines. TAX-FREE RETURNS. Investors, however, still see an element of more-than-ordinary risk in the toll-road bonds. You find the evidence of that in the chart on this page.    Many of the toll-road bonds still are selling at prices that offer the prospect of an annual yield of 4 per cent, or very close to that. And this is true in the case of some turnpikes on which revenues have risen close to, or beyond, the point at which the roads start to pay all operating costs plus annual interest on the bonds.    That 4 per cent yield is well below the return to be had on good corporation bonds. It's not much more, in fact, than the return that is offered on U& S& Treasury bonds.    For investors whose income is taxed at high rates, though, a tax-free yield of 4 per cent is high. It is the equivalent of 8 per cent for an unmarried investor with more than $16,000 of income to be taxed, or for a married couple with more than $32,000 of taxed income. SWELLING TRAFFIC. A new report on the earnings records of toll roads in the most recent 12-month period- ending in February or March- shows what is happening. The report is based on a survey by Blyth + Company, investment bankers.    Nearly all the turnpikes show gains in net revenues during the period.    And there is the bright note: The gains were achieved in the face of temporary traffic lags late in 1960 and early in 1961 as a result of business recession. Many of the roads also were hit by an unusually severe winter.    Indication: The long-term trend of turnpike traffic is upward.    Look, for example, at the Ohio Turnpike. Traffic on that road slumped sharply in January and February, as compared with those same months in 1960. Then March brought an 18 per cent rise in net revenues- after operating costs.    As a result, the road's net revenues in the 12 months ending March 31 were 186 per cent of the annual interest payments on the turnpike bonds. That was up from 173 per cent in the preceding 12 months.    That same pattern of earnings shows up on the Massachusetts Turnpike. Operating revenues were off in the first three months of 1961, but up for the 12 months ending in March. Costs were held down, despite a bitter winter.    For the year, the road earned 133 per cent of its interest costs, against 121 per cent in the preceding period. The road's engineers look for further improvement when the turnpike is extended into Boston. SLOW SUCCESSES. Some turnpikes have not been in full operation long enough to prove what they can do. The 187-mile Illinois State Toll Highway, for example, was not opened over its entire length until December, 1958. In the 12 months ended in February, 1960, the highway earned enough to cover 64 per cent of its interest load- with the remainder paid out of initial reserves. In the 12 months ended in February, 1961, this highway earned 93 per cent of its interest.    That improvement is continuing. In the first two months of 1961, earnings of the Illinois highway available for interest payments were up 55 per cent from early 1960.    Success, for many turnpikes, has come hard. Traffic frequently has failed to measure up to engineers' rosy estimates. In these cases, the turnpike managements have had to turn to toll-rate increases, or to costly improvements such as extensions or better connections with other highways.    Many rate increases already have been put into effect. Higher tolls are planned for July 1, 1961, on the Richmond-Petersburg, Va&, Turnpike, and proposals for increased tolls on the Texas Turnpike are under study. EASIER ACCESS. Progress is being made, too, in improving motorists' access to many turnpikes. The Kansas Turnpike offers an illustration. Net earnings of that road rose from 62 per cent of interest requirements in calendar 1957 to 86 per cent in the 12 months ended Feb& 28, 1961.    Further improvements in earnings of the Kansas Turnpike are expected late in 1961, with the opening of a new bypass at Wichita, and still later when the turnpike gets downtown connections in both Kansas City, Kans&, and Kansas City, Mo&. Meanwhile, there appears to be enough money in the road's reserve fund to cover the interest deficiency for eight more years. FOR SOME ROADS, TROUBLES. Investors studying the toll-road bonds for opportunities find that not all roads are nearing their goals.    Traffic and revenues on the Chicago Skyway have been a great disappointment to planners and investors alike. If nothing is done, the prospect is that that road will be in default of interest in 1962. West Virginia toll bonds have defaulted in interest for months, and, despite recent improvement in revenues, holders of the bonds are faced with more of the same.    These, however, are exceptions. The typical picture at this time is one of steady improvement.    It's going to take time for investors to learn how many of the toll-road bonds will pay out in full. Already, however, several of the turnpikes are earning enou   Every library borrower, or at least those whose taste goes beyond the five-cent fiction rentals, knows what it is to hear the librarian say apologetically, "I'm sorry, but we don't have that book. There wouldn't be much demand for it, I'm afraid".    Behind this reply, and its many variations, is the ever-present budget problem all libraries must face, from the largest to the smallest. What to buy out of the year's grist of nearly 15,000 book titles? What to buy for adult and child readers, for lovers of fiction and nonfiction, for a clientele whose wants are incredibly diversified, when your budget is pitifully small? Most library budgets are hopelessly inadequate. A startlingly high percentage do not exceed $500 annually, which includes the librarian's salary, and not even the New York Public has enough money to meet its needs- this in the world's richest city. The plight of a small community library is proportionately worse.    Confronted with this situation, most libraries either endure the severe limitations of their budgets and do what they can with what they have, or else depend on the bounty of patrons and local governments to supplement their annual funds. In some parts of the country, however, a co-operative movement has begun to grow, under the wing of state governments, whereby, with the financial help of the state, libraries share their book resources on a county-wide or regional basis.    New York State has what is probably the most advanced of these co-operative systems, so well developed that it has become a model for others to follow. Because it is so large a state, with marked contrasts in population density, the organization of the New York co-operative offers a cross-section of how the plan works. At one extreme are the systems of upper New York State, where libraries in two or more counties combine to serve a large, sparsely populated area. At the other are organizations like the newly formed Nassau Library System, in a high-density area, with ample resources and a rapidly growing territory to serve.    Both these types, and those in between, are in existence by reason of a legislative interest in libraries that began at Albany as early as 1950, with the creation by the legislature of county library systems financed by county governments with matching funds from the state. It was a step in the right direction, but it took an additional act passed in 1958 to establish fully the thriving systems of today.    Under this law annual grants are given to systems in substantial amounts. An earlier difficulty was overcome by making it clear that individual libraries in any area might join or not, as they saw fit. Some library boards are wary of the plan. A large, well-stocked library, surrounded in a county by smaller ones, may feel that the demands on its resources are likely to be too great. A small library may cherish its independence and established ways, and resist joining in a cooperative movement that sometimes seems radical to older members of the board.    Within a system, however, the autonomy of each member library is preserved. The local community maintains responsibility for the financial support of its own library program, facilities, and services, but wider resources and additional services become available through membership in a system. All services are given without cost to members. So obvious are these advantages that nearly 95 per cent of the population of New York State now has access to a system, and enthusiastic librarians foresee the day, not too distant, when all the libraries in the state will belong to a co-op.  To set up a co-operative library system, the law requires a central book collection of 100,000 nonfiction volumes as the nucleus, and the system is organized around it. The collection may be in an existing library, or it may be built up in a central collection. Each system develops differently, according to the area it serves, but the universal goal is to pool the resources of a given area for maximum efficiency. The basic state grant is thirty cents for each person served, and there is a further book incentive grant that provides an extra twenty cents up to fifty cents per capita, if a library spends a certain number of dollars.    In Nassau County, for example, the heavily settled Long Island suburb of New York City, the system is credited by the state with serving one million persons, a figure that has doubled since 1950. This system, by virtue of its variety and size, offers an inclusive view of the plan in operation.    The Nassau system recognizes that its major task it to broaden reference service, what with the constant expansion of education and knowledge, and the pressure of population growth in a metropolitan area. The need is for reference works of a more specialized nature than individual libraries, adequate to satisfy everyday needs, could afford. Nassau is currently building a central collection of reference materials in its Hempstead headquarters, which will reach its goal of 100,000 volumes by 1965.    The major part of this collection is in the central headquarters building, and the remainder is divided among five libraries in the system designated as subject centers. Basic reference tools are the backbone of the collection, but there is also specialization in science and technology, an indicated weakness in local libraries. On microfilm, headquarters also has a file of the New York Times from its founding in 1851 to the present day, as well as bound volumes of important periodicals. The entire headquarters collection is available to the patrons of all members on interlibrary loans.    Headquarters gets about 100 requests every day. It is connected by teletype with the State Library in Albany, which will supply any book to a system that the system itself cannot provide. The books are carried around by truck in canvas bags from headquarters to the other libraries.    Each subject center library was chosen because of its demonstrated strength in a particular area, which headquarters could then build upon. East Meadow has philosophy, psychology, and religion; Freeport houses social science, pure science, and language; histASSEMBLY SESSION BROUGHT MUCH GOOD The General Assembly, which adjourns today, has performed in an atmosphere of crisis and struggle from the day it convened. It was faced immediately with a showdown on the schools, an issue which was met squarely in conjunction with the governor with a decision not to risk abandoning public education.    There followed the historic appropriations and budget fight, in which the General Assembly decided to tackle executive powers. The final decision went to the executive but a way has been opened for strengthening budgeting procedures and to provide legislators information they need.    Long-range planning of programs and ways to finance them have become musts if the state in the next few years is to avoid crisis-to-crisis government. This session, for instance, may have insured a financial crisis two years from now.    In all the turmoil, some good legislation was passed. Some other good bills were lost in the shuffle and await future action. Certainly all can applaud passage of an auto title law, the school bills, the increase in teacher pensions, the ban on drag racing, acceptance by the state of responsibility for maintenance of state roads in municipalities at the same rate as outside city limits, repeal of the college age limit law and the road maintenance bond issue.    No action has been taken, however, on such major problems as ending the fee system, penal reform, modification of the county unit system and in outright banning of fireworks sales. Only a token start was made in attacking the tax reappraisal question and its companion issue of attracting industry to the state.    The legislature expended most of its time on the schools and appropriations questions. Fortunately it spared us from the usual spate of silly resolutions which in the past have made Georgia look like anything but "the empire state of the South".    We congratulate the entire membership on its record of good legislation. In the interim between now and next year, we trust the House and Senate will put their minds to studying Georgia's very real economic, fiscal and social problems and come up with answers without all the political heroics. @ LEAGUE REGULARLY STANDS ON THE SIDE OF RIGHT The League of Women Voters, 40 now and admitting it proudly, is inviting financial contributions in the windup of its fund drive. It's a good use of money.    These women whose organization grew out of the old suffrage movement are dedicated to Thomas Jefferson's dictum that one must cherish the people's spirit but "Keep alive their attention".    "If once they become inattentive to the public affairs", Jefferson said, "you and I, and Congress and assemblies, judges and governors, shall all become wolves".    Newspapermen and politicians especially are aware of the penetrating attention and expert analysis the league gives to public affairs. The league workers search out the pros and cons of the most complex issues and make them available to the public. The harder the choice, the more willing the league is to wade in. And the league takes a stand, with great regularity, on the side of right. @ LOOK TO COOSA VALLEY FOR INDUSTRIAL PROGRESS Cities and counties interested in industrial development would do well in the months ahead to keep their eyes peeled toward the 13 northwest Georgia counties that are members of the Coosa Valley Area Planning and Development Commission.    Coupling its own budget of $83,750 with a $30,000 state grant authorized by Gov& Vandiver, the group expects to sign a contract in March with Georgia Tech&. Then a full-time planning office will be established in Rome to work with a five-member Georgia Tech research staff for development of an area planning and industrial development program.    The undertaking has abundant promise. It recognizes the fact that what helps one county helps its neighbors and that by banding together in an area-wide effort better results can be accomplished than through the go-it-alone approach. @ RUSK IDEA STRENGTHENS UNITED STATES DEFENSE The Rusk belief in balanced defense, replacing the Dulles theory of massive retaliation, removes a grave danger that has existed.    The danger lay not in believing that our own ~A-bombs would deter Russia's use of hers; that theory was and is sound. The danger lay in the American delusion that nuclear deterrence was enough.    By limiting American strength too much to nuclear strength, this country limited its ability to fight any kind of war besides a nuclear war. This strategy heightened the possibility that we would have a nuclear war.    It also weakened our diplomatic stance, because Russia could easily guess we did not desire a nuclear war except in the ultimate extremity.    This left the Soviets plenty of leeway to start low-grade brushfire aggressions with considerable impunity.    By maintaining the nuclear deterrent, but gearing American military forces to fight conventional wars too, Secretary of State Rusk junks bluff and nuclear brinkmanship and builds more muscle and greater safety into our military position. @ DEKALB BUDGET SHOWS COUNTY IS ON BEAM DeKalb's budget for 1961 is a record one and carries with it the promise of no tax increase to make it balance.    It includes a raise in the county minimum wage, creation of several new jobs at the executive level, financing of beefed-up industrial development efforts, and increased expenditures for essential services such as health and welfare, fire protection, sanitation and road maintenance.    That such expansion can be obtained without a raise in taxes is due to growth of the tax digest and sound fiscal planning on the part of the board of commissioners, headed by Chairman Charles O& Emmerich who is demonstrating that the public trust he was given was well placed, and other county officials. @ SOMEWHERE, SOMEBODY IS BOUND TO LOVE US G& Mennen Williams is learning the difficulties of diplomacy rapidly. Touring Africa, the new U&S& assistant secretary of state observed "Africa should be for the Africans" and the British promptly denounced him. Then he arrived in Zanzibar and found Africans carrying signs saying "American imperialists, go home". Chin up, Soapy. @ POWER COMPANY BACKS CONFIDENCE WITH DOLLARS Confidence in the stateMUST BERLIN REMAIN DIVIDED? The inference has been too widely accepted that because the Communists have succeeded in building barricades across Berlin the free world must acquiesce in dismemberment of that living city.    So far as the record is concerned, the Western powers have not acquiesced and should not do so.    Though Walter Ulbricht, by grace of Soviet tanks, may be head man in East Germany, that does not give him any right to usurp the government of East Berlin or to absorb that semi-city into the Soviet zone.    The wartime protocol of September 12, 1944, designated a special "Greater Berlin" area, comprising the entire city, to be under joint occupation. It was not a part of any one of the three (later four) zones for occupation by Soviet, American, British, and French troops respectively. After the Berlin blockade and airlift, the Council of Foreign Ministers in 1949 declared a purpose "to mitigate the effects of the present administrative division of Germany and of Berlin".    For some time the Communists honored the distinction between the Soviet zone of Germany and the Soviet sector of Berlin by promulgating separately the laws for the two areas. Then they moved offices of the East German puppet government into East Berlin and began illegally to treat it as the capital of East Germany.    That this and the closing of the East Berlin-West Berlin border have not been accepted by the Western governments appears in notes which Britain, France, and the United States sent to Moscow after the latter's gratuitous protest over a visit of Chancellor Adenauer and other West German officials to West Berlin. The Chancellor had as much business there as Ulbricht had in East Berlin- and was certainly less provocative than the juvenile sound-truck taunts of Gerhard Eisler.    The British and other replies to that Moscow note pointed out efforts of the Communist authorities "to integrate East Berlin into East Germany by isolating it from the outside and attempting to make it the capital of East Germany". They insisted on the "fundamental fact" that "the whole of Berlin has a quadripartite status".    This is far from acknowledging or recognizing those efforts as an accomplished fact. There remains, of course, the question of what the West can do beyond diplomatic protest to prevent the illegal efforts from becoming accomplished facts.    One ground of action certainly exists when fusillades of stray shots go over into West Berlin as Communist "vopos" try to gun down fleeing unarmed residents. Another remained when an American Army car was recovered but with a broken glass. The glass may seem trivial but Communist official hooliganism feeds on such incidents unless they are redressed.    Remembering the step-by-step fate of Danzig and the West German misgivings about "salami" tactics, it is to be hoped that the dispatch of General Clay to West Berlin as President Kennedy's representative will mark a stiffening of response not only to future indignities and aggressions but also to some that have passed. PRAIRIE NATIONAL PARK Thousands of buffalo ("bison" they will never be to the man on the street) grazing like a mobile brown throw-rug upon the rolling, dusty-green grassland. A horizon even and seamless, binding the vast sun-bleached dome of sky to earth.    That picture of the American prairie is as indelibly fixed in the memory of those who have studied the conquest of the American continent as any later cinema image of the West made in live-oak canyons near Hollywood. For it was the millions of buffalo and prairie chicken and the endless seas of grass that symbolized for a whole generation of Americans the abundant supply that was to take many of them westward when the Ohio and Mississippi valleys began to fill.    The National Park Service now proposes to preserve an area in Pottawatomie County, northeast Kansas, as a "Prairie National Park". There the buffalo would roam, to be seen as a tapestry, not as moth-eaten zoo specimens. Wooded stream valleys in the folds of earth would be saved. Grasslands would extend, unfenced, unplowed, unbroken by silo or barn- as the first settlers saw them.    The Park Service makes an impressive ecological and statistical case for creating this new park. American history should clinch the case when Congress is asked to approve. WHISKY ON THE AIR A Philadelphia distiller is currently breaching the customary prohibition against hard-liquor advertising on ~TV and radio. Starting with small stations not members of the National Association of Broadcasters, the firm apparently is seeking to break down the anti-liquor barriers in major-market stations.    Probably the best answer to this kind of entering wedge is congressional action requiring the Federal Communications Commission to ban such advertising through its licensing power.    The National Association of Broadcasters code specifically bars hard-liquor commercials. Past polls of public opinion show popular favor for this policy. Even the Distilled Spirits Institute has long had a specific prohibition.    Why, then, with these voluntary barricades and some state laws barring liquor ads, is it necessary to seek congressional action? Simply because the subverting action of firms that are not members of the Distilled Spirits Institute and of radio and ~TV stations that are not members of the ~NAB tends to spread.    Soon some members of the two industry groups doubtless will want to amend their codes on grounds that otherwise they will suffer unfairly from the efforts of non-code competitors.    Although the false glamour surrounding bourbon or other whisky commercials is possibly no more fatuous than the pseudo-sophistication with which ~TV soft-drinks are downed or toothpaste applied, there is a sad difference between enticing a viewer into sipping Oopsie-Cola and gulling him into downing bourbon.    A law is needed. NEW YORK: DEMOCRATS' CHOICE Registered Democrats in New York City this year have the opportunity to elect their party's candidates for Mayor and other municipal posts and the men who will run their party organization.    In the central contest, that for Mayor, they may have found some pertinent points inA GOOD MAN DEPARTS GOODBY, MR& SAM Sam Rayburn was a good man, a good American, and, third, a good Democrat.    He was all of these rolled into one sturdy figure; Mr& Speaker, Mr& Sam, and Mr& Democrat, at one and the same time.    The House was his habitat and there he flourished, first as a young representative, then as a forceful committee chairman, and finally in the post for which he seemed intended from birth, Speaker of the House, and second most powerful man in Washington.    Mr& Rayburn was not an easy man to classify or to label. He was no flaming liberal, yet the New Deal, the Fair Deal and the New Frontier needed him. He was not a rear-looking conservative, yet partisans of that persuasion will miss him as much as any.    Two of the vital qualities demanded of a politician by other politicians are that he always keep a confidence and that he keep his word. Sam Rayburn took unnumbered secrets with him to the grave, for he was never loquacious, and his word, once given, was not subject to retraction. It might be added that as he kept his word so he expected that others keep theirs.    The demonstration of his power was never flamboyant or theatrical. His leadership was not for audiences. A growl, a nod, was usually enough. When it was not, one of the great dramas of Washington would be presented. He would rise in the well of the House, his chin upon his chest, his hands gripping the side of a desk, and the political and legislative chatter would subside into silence.    He spoke briefly, sensibly, to the point and without oratorical flourishes He made good, plain American common sense and the House usually recognized it and acted upon it.    These public efforts were rare because Mr& Rayburn normally did his counseling, persuading and educating long before an issue reached its test on the House floor. He expected Democrats to do their duty when it had been patiently pointed out to them. With his long service he had a long memory, an excellent thing in a political leader.    He was, of course, in the House for a very long time. There are only two men remaining in Congress who, with Rayburn, voted for the declaration of war against Germany in 1917. To almost two generations of Americans it must have seemed as though the existence of Mr& Sam coincided with that of the House.    And it was the House he loved. To be presiding officer of it was the end of his desire and ambition. The Senate to him was not the "upper body" and he corrected those who said he served "under" the president. He served "with" him.    Sound the roll of those with whom he served and who preceded him in death. Woodrow Wilson, with whom he began his years in Washington, Warren G& Harding, Calvin Coolidge, ~FDR, with whom he managed a social revolution. And those still with us, Herbert C& Hoover, Harry S& Truman, Dwight D& Eisenhower and John F& Kennedy.    He was a fighter for those of his own party. Mr& Truman has only to recall the "hopeless" campaign of 1948 to remember what a loyal partisan he was and the first experience of Mr& Kennedy with Congress would have been sadder than it was had not Mr& Sam been there. As it was, his absence because of his final illness was a blow to the administration.    With Republican presidents, he fought fair. He was his own man, not an automatic obstructionist. He kept his attacks on Republicanism for partisan campaigns, but that is part of the game he was born to play.    Under any name- Mr& Speaker, Mr& Democrat, Mr& Sam- he was a good man. ~UN OFF THE CONGO TRACK Thirteen Italian airmen who went to the Congo to serve the cause of peace under the United Nations banner have instead met violent death at the hands of Congolese troops supposedly their friends.    In 18 months, no more grisly incident has been reported from that jungle. Simply out of bloodlust, their murderers dismembered the bodies and tossed the remains into the river. The excuse was offered for them that they had mistaken the Italians for Belgian mercenaries. In other words, atrocities by savages wearing the uniform of the central government might be condoned, had the victims been serving the cause of dissident Katanga.    Does this suggest that the Congo is fit for nationhood or that ~UN is making any progress whatever toward its goal of so making it? To the contrary, through the past six weeks violence has been piled upon violence. Mass rapes, troop mutinies, uncontrolled looting and pillage and reckless military adventures, given no sanction by any political authority, have become almost daily occurrences. Yet this basic condition of outlawry and anarchy is not the work of Katanga. It happens in the territory of the Leopoldville government, which is itself a fiction, demonstrably incapable of governing, and commanding only such limited credit abroad as ~UN support gives it.    The main question raised by the incident is how much longer will ~UN bury its head in the sand on the Congo problem instead of facing the bitter fact that it has no solution in present terms? The probable answer is that it will do so just as long as Russia can exercise a veto in favor of chaos and until young African nations wake up to the truth that out of false pride they are visiting ruin on Central Africa.    Right now, they are pushing a resolution which would have ~UN use its forces to invade and subjugate Katanga. That notion is fantastically wrong-headed from several points of view. The ~UN army is too weak, too demoralized for the task. Further, it has its work cut out stopping anarchy where it is now garrisoned. Last, it makes no sense to deliver Katanga, the one reasonably solid territory, into the existing chaos.    The Congo should have been mandated, because it was not ready for independence. The idea was not even suggested because political expediency prevailed over wisdom. A SHOCK WAVE FROM AFRICA Word OF Dag Hammarskjold's death in an African plane crash has sent a shockwave around the globe. As head of the United Nations he was the symbol of world peace, and his tragic end came at a moment when peace hangs precariously. It was on the eve of a momentous U&N& session to come to grips with cold war issues. His firm hand will be desperately missed.    Mr& Hammarskjold was in Africa on a mission of peace. He had sought talks with Moise Tshombe, the secessionist president of Congo's Katanga province where recent fighting had been bloody. He earnestly urged a cease-fire.    The story of the fatal crash is not fully known. The U&N&-chartered plane which was flying from the conference city of Ndola in Northern Rhodesia had been riddled with machinegun bullets last weekend and was newly repaired. Whether this, or overt action, was the cause of the crash must be promptly determined.    The death of Mr& Hammarskjold removes the United Nations' most controversial leader. He was controversial because he was uncompromising for peace and freedom with justice. He courageously defended the rights of small nations, and he stood his ground against the savage attacks of the Communist bloc.    The Congo, in whose cause he died, was the scene of one of his greatest triumphs. His policies had resolved the conflicts that threatened to ignite the cold war and workable solutions were beginning to take shape. When the recent Katangan outbreaks imperiled these solutions Mr& Hammarskjold, despite the danger, flew to exert a calming influence. He gave his life for his beliefs.    The U&N& session scheduled for today will meet under the cloud of his passing. It is a crucial session with the world on the edge of momentous developments.    If the manner of his passing moves the nations to act in the spirit of his dedication the sore issues that plague the world can yet be resolved with reason and justice. That is the hope of mankind. MONUMENT TO TOGETHERNESS Reaching agreement on projects of value to the whole community has long been one of Greater Miami's hardest tasks. Too many have bogged down in bickering. Even when public bodies arrived at a consensus, at least one dissenting vote has been usual.    So we note approvingly a fresh sample of unanimity. All nine members of the Inter-American Center Authority voted for Goodbody + Company's proposal to finance the long-awaited trade and cultural center.    The widely known financial firm has 60 days to spell out the terms of its contract. If the indenture is accepted, the authority will proceed to validate a bond issue repayable from revenue. Then Goodbody will hand over a minimum of $15.5 million for developing the spacious Graves Tract to house the center.    The next step awaits approval today by the Metro commissioners as the members of the Dade County Port Authority. They allotted $500,000 three years ago to support Interama until its own financing could be arranged. Less than half the sum has been spent, since the Interama board pinched pennies during that period of painstaking negotiations. The balance is being budgeted for the coming year.    Unanimity on Interama is not surprising. It is one of the rare public ventures here on which nearly everyone is agreed. The City of Miami recently yielded a prior claim of $8.5 million on the Graves Tract to clear the way for the project. County officials have cooperated consistently. So have the people's elected spokesmen at the state and federal levels.    Interama, as it rises, will be a living monument to Greater Miami's ability to get together on worthwhile enterprises. A SHORT REPORT AND A GOOD ONE Progress, or lack of it, toward civil rights in the 50 states is reported in an impressive 689-page compilation issued last week by the United States Commission on Civil Rights.    Much happened in this field during the past 12 months. Each state advisory committee documented its own activity. Some accounts are quite lengthy but Florida's is the shortest of all, requiring only four paragraphs.    "The established pattern of relative calm in the field of race relations has continued in all areas", reported this group headed by Harold Colee of Jacksonville and including two South Floridians, William D& Singer and John B& Turner of Miami.    "No complaints or charges have been filed during the past year, either verbally or written, from any individual or group.    "The committee continues to feel that Florida has progressed in a sound and equitable program at both the state and local levels in its efforts to review and assess transition problems as they arise from time to time in the entire spectrum of civil rights".    Problems have arisen in this sensitive field but have been handled in most cases with understanding and restraint. The progress reported by the advisory committee is real. While some think we move too fast and others too slowly, Florida's record is a good one and stands out among the 50. WEST GERMANY REMAINS WESTERN West Germany will face the crucial tests that lie ahead, on Berlin and unification, with a coalition government. This is the key fact emerging from Sunday's national election.    Chancellor Adenauer's Christian Democratic Party slipped only a little in the voting but it was enough to lose the absolute Bundestag majority it has enjoyed since 1957. In order to form a new government it must deal with one of the two rival parties which gained strength. Inevitably this means some compromise.    The aging chancellor in all likelihood will be retired. Both Willy Brandt's Social Democrats, who gained 22 seats in the new parliament, and the Free Democrats, who picked up 23, will insist on that before they enter the government.    Moon-faced Ludwig Erhart, the economic expert, probably will ascend to the leadership long denied him.    If he becomes chancellor, Dr& Erhart would make few changes. The wizard who fashioned West Germany's astonishing industrial rebirth is the soul of free enterprise. He is dedicated to building the nation's strength and, as are all WeHELP WHEN NEEDED    If THE Dominican Republic achieves free, democratic government, it will be due in large part to the U&S& show of force that enabled President Balaguer to prevent a threatened restoration of Trujillo dictatorship.    Outwardly, Ciudad Trujillo is calm. None of the Trujillo family remains. Mr& Balaguer is in control, and opposition leaders have no further excuse to suspect his offer of a coalition government preliminary to free elections in the spring.    Had U&S& warships not appeared off the Dominican coast, there is every possibility that the country would now be wracked by civil war. Ultimately either the Trujillos would have been returned to power or the conflict would have produced conditions favorable to a takeover by Dominican elements responsive to Castro in Cuba.    Within the Organization of American States, there may be some criticism of this unilateral American intervention which was not without risk obviously. But there was no complaint from the Dominican crowds which lined Ciudad Trujillo's waterfront shouting, "Vive Yankees"! More, the U&S& action was hailed by a principal opposition leader, Dr& Juan Bosch, as having saved "many lives and many troubles in the near future".    Mr& Balaguer's troubles are by no means over. He will need the help of all ~OAS members to eradicate, finally, the forces of authoritarianism, pro-Trujillo and pro-Castro alike. In cooperating toward that objective, ~OAS might move with the speed and effectiveness demonstrated by the United States. @ MATTER OF SURVIVAL    Those watching the growing rivalry between craft unions and industrial unions may recognize all the pressures that led to the big labor split in 1935.    Now, as then, it is a matter of jobs. Craft unions seek work that industrial unions claim, such as factory maintenance.    The issue was sufficiently potent in 1935 to spark secession from the American Federation of Labor of its industrial union members. That breach was healed 20 years later by merger of the American Federation of Labor and the Congress of Industrial Organizations. Or that's what it looked like at the time.    But automation and the increasing complexity of factories has renewed the competition for jobs. Walter Reuther, leader of the industrial union faction of the ~AFL-~CIO, says another two years of this squabbling will be disastrous for all American labor.    Whether it could be as disastrous for American labor as, say, Jimmy Hoffa of the Teamsters, is a matter of conjecture. But the jurisdictional disputes that result from the craft-industrial rivalry do not win friends for labor.    Engaged as it is in a battle for world trade as a condition of national survival, this country can have little patience with labor's family feuds. The concept of labor as a special class is outmoded, and in the task confronting America as bastion of the free world, labor must learn to put the national interest first if it is itself to survive. @ DETERRENT    The Army, Navy and Air Force, among others, may question Secretary Freeman's claim that the high estate of United States agriculture is the "strongest deterrent" to the spread of communism. But the secretary insists that the success of the American farmer is the "greatest single source of strength" in the struggle to insure freedom around the world.    Mr& Freeman said that in many of the countries he visited on a recent world trade trip people were more awed by America's capacity to produce food surpluses than by our industrial production- or even by the Soviet's successes in space. This shouldn't surprise the secretary; American taxpayers have been impressed by the surpluses for a long, long time.    In fact, over the years, the American farmer's capacity to over-produce has cost the taxpayers a large dollar. And thus far, Mr& Freeman has offered very little relief.    The 1961 feed grain program, which the secretary sponsored, has been declared a billion dollar fiasco. In exchange for higher price supports, growers pledged reduction in planted acreage. But the farmers outsmarted Washington by shortening the distance between the rows and pouring on the fertilizer.    The result: $1.1 billion added to the deficit in the federal budget. Perhaps, as Mr& Freeman says, American agriculture may stop the Communists, but it is also swindling the American taxpayer. @ WHAT'S WRONG AT STATE    A Senate subcommittee headed by Sen& Jackson of Washington has been going over the State Department and has reached some predictable conclusions. The department needs a clearer "sense of direction" at the top and it needs fewer, but better, people, Sen& Jackson says.    The subcommittee is not alone in questioning the effectiveness of the department. President Kennedy has indicated his dissatisfaction with its performance.    But those who would revitalize so complex an organization must, first of all, overcome the resistance of layers of officials wedded to traditional procedures, suspicious of innovation and fearful of mistakes.    Nor does Sen& Jackson discuss the delicate situation created by the presence in the White House of a corps of presidential assistants engaged in the study of foreign policy. This tends to create friction and confusion and has not made it easier for Secretary Rusk to restore vigor and initiative among his subordinates.    But competent observers believe he is making progress, particularly toward what Sen& Jackson lists as the primary need- "a clearer understanding of where our vital national interests lie and what we must do to promote them".    The Jackson report will provide some of the political support Mr& Rusk will need if he is to get rid of department personnel engaged, as Sen& Jackson puts it, "in work that does not really need doing". Mr& Rusk should also draw comfort from Sen& Jackson's recommendation that congressional methods of dealing with national security problems be improved. Self-criticism is a rare but needed commodity in Congress. @ BETTING MEN    Forecasting economic activity is a hazardous undertaking even for the specialist. But now apparently the job of Secretary of Labor requires that he be willing to risk his reput   The study of the St& Louis area's economic prospects prepared for the Construction Industry Joint Conference confirms and reinforces both the findings of the Metropolitan St& Louis Survey of 1957 and the easily observed picture of the Missouri-Illinois countryside.    St& Louis sits in the center of a relatively slow-growing and in some places stagnant mid-continent region. Slackened regional demand for St& Louis goods and services reflects the region's relative lack of purchasing power. Not all St& Louis industries, of course, have a market area confined to the immediate neighborhood. But for those which do, the slow growth of the area has a retarding effect on the metropolitan core. The city has a stake in stimulating growth and purchasing power throughout outstate Missouri and Southern Illinois.    Gov& Dalton's new Commerce and Industry Commission is moving to create a nine-state regional group in a collective effort to attract new industry. That is one approach. Another would be to take the advice of Dr& Elmer Ellis, president of the University of Missouri, and provide for an impartial professional analysis of Missouri's economy. He says the state, in order to proceed with economic development, must develop an understanding of how the various parts of its economy fit together and dovetail into the national economy. @    The research center of the University's School of Business and Public Administration is prepared to undertake the analysis Dr& Ellis has been talking about. He and Dean John W& Schwada of the Business School outlined the project at a recent conference. The University can make a valuable contribution to the state's economic development through such a study.    In Southern Illinois, the new federal program of help to economically depressed areas ought to provide some stimulus to growth. The Carbondale Industrial Development Corp& has obtained a $500,000 loan to help defray the cost of remodeling a city-owned factory to accommodate production that will provide 500 new jobs. Carbondale is in the Herrin-Murphysboro-West Frankfort labor market, where unemployment has been substantially higher than the national average. The Federal program eventually should have a favorable impact on Missouri's depressed areas, and in the long run that will benefit St& Louis as well. @    Politics-ridden St& Clair county in Illinois presents another piece of the problem of metropolitan development. More industrial acreage lies vacant in St& Clair county than in any other jurisdiction in the St& Louis area. The unstable political situation there represents one reason new plants shy away from the East Side.    And then there is St& Louis county, where the Democratic leadership has shown little appreciation of the need for sound zoning, of the important relationship between proper land use and economic growth. St& Louis county under its present leadership also has largely closed its eyes to the need for governmental reform, and permitted parochial interests to take priority over area-wide interests. Some plant-location specialists take these signs to mean St& Louis county doesn't want industry, and so they avoid the area, and more jobs are lost.    Metropolitan St& Louis's relatively slow rate of growth ought to be a priority concern of the political, business, civic and other leaders on both sides of the Mississippi. Without a great acceleration in the metropolitan area's economy, there will not be sufficient jobs for the growing numbers of youngsters, and St& Louis will slip into second-class status. AN EXCESS OF ZEAL Many of our very best friends are reformers. Still we must confess that sometimes some of them go too far. Take, for example, the reformers among New York City's Democrats. Having whipped Mr& De Sapio in the primaries and thus come into control of Tammany Hall, they have changed the name to Chatham Hall. Even though headquarters actually have been moved into the Chatham building, do they believe that they can make the new name stick?    Granted that the Tammany name and the Tammany tiger often were regarded as badges of political shame, the sachems of the Hall also have a few good marks to their credit. But it is tradition rather than the record which balks at the expunging of the Tammany name. After all, it goes back to the days in which sedition was not un-American, the days in which the Sons of St& Tammany conspired to overthrow the government by force and violence- the British government that is.    Further, do our reforming friends really believe that the cartoonists will consent to the banishment of the tiger from their zoo? They will- when they give up the donkey and the elephant. Instead of attempting the impossible, why not a publicity campaign to prove that all the tiger's stripes are not black? That might go over. THE FAGET CASE The White House itself has taken steps to remove a former Batista official, Col& Mariano Faget, from his preposterous position as interrogator of Cuban refugees for the Immigration Service.    The Faget appointment was preposterous on several grounds. The Kennedy Administration had assured anti-Castro Cubans that it would have nothing to do with associates of Dictator Batista. Using a Batista man to screen refugees represented a total misunderstanding of the democratic forces which alone can effectively oppose Castro.    Moreover, Col& Faget's information on Cuba was too outdated to be useful in "screening" Castro agents; the Colonel fled to the friendly haven of the Dominican dictatorship as soon as Castro seized power. And while he had headed Batista's anti-Communist section, the Batista regime did not disturb the Communists so much as more open opponents who were alleged to be Communists.    Responsibility for the Faget appointment rests with Gen& J& M& swing, an Eisenhower appointee as head of the Immigration Service. Gen& Swing has received public attention before this for abuse of some of the prerogatives of his office. His official term expired last summer. Some reports say he was rescued from timely retirement by his friend, Congressman Walter of Pennsylvania, at a moment when the Kennedy Administration was diligently searching for all the House votes it could get.    Congressman Walter has been all-powerful in immigration matters, but he has announced THE U& N&'S 'GRAVEST CRISIS' Ambassador Stevenson yesterday described the U& N&'s problem of electing a temporary successor to the late Dag Hammarskjold as "the gravest crisis the institution has faced". Of course it is. If the decision goes wrong, it may be- as Mr& Stevenson fears- "the first step on the slippery path downhill" to a U& N& without operational responsibilities and without effective meaning.    The integrity of the office not merely requires that the Secretary General shall be, as the Charter puts it, "the chief administrative officer of the Organization", but that neither he nor his staff shall seek or receive instructions from any government or any other authority "external to the Organization". In other words, the Secretary General is to be a nonpartisan, international servant, not a political, national one. He should be, as Dag Hammarskjold certainly was, a citizen of the world.    The Charter does stipulate that "due regard" shall be paid to the importance of recruiting the staff on "as wide a geographical basis as possible". The United States and its allies have had no objection to this. What they have objected to is the attempt of the Russians to make use of the tragedy of Dag Hammarskjold's death to turn the entire U& N& staff from the Secretary down into political agents of the respective countries from which they come.    The controversy now revolves mainly around the number and geographic origin of the deputies of the Secretary General and, more particularly, around the nature of his relationship with them. Although the United States and the U& S& S& R& have been arguing whether there shall be four, five or six top assistants, the most important element in the situation is not the number of deputies but the manner in which these deputies are to do their work.    If any one of them has any power to veto the Secretary General's decisions the nature of the organization will have changed. If they give him advice when he asks it, or if they perform specified duties under his direction, the nature of the U& N& will not of necessity change. The Secretary General must have, subject to the constitutional direction of the Security Council and the General Assembly, the power to act, to propose action and to organize action without being hobbled by advisers and assistants acting on someone else's instructions.    This is the root issue for which the United States should stand. We should not become confused or let our public become confused over irrelevant questions of number or even of geography. What we must have, if the United Nations is to survive, is as nonpolitical, nonpartisan an organization at the top as human beings can make it, subject to no single nation's direction and subservient to no single nation's ambition. WHAT THE NEW CHARTER DOES The new City Charter, which should get a Yes vote as Question No& 1 on Nov& 7, would not make a good Mayor out of a bad one. There is no such magic in man-made laws. But it would greatly strengthen any Mayor's executive powers, remove the excuse in large degree that he is a captive of inaction in the Board of Estimate, increase his budget-making authority both as to expense and capital budgets, and vest in him the right to reorganize city departments in the interest of efficiency and economy.    Lawmaking power is removed from the Board of Estimate and made a partnership responsibility of the City Council and the Mayor. Thus there is a clearer division of authority, administrative and legislative. The board is diminished in both respects, while it retains control over zoning, franchises, pier leases, sale, leasing and assignment of property, and other trusteeship functions. The board will be able to increase, decrease, add or eliminate budget items, subject to the Mayor's veto; but the City Council will now share fully this budget-altering power. Overriding of mayoral veto on budget changes will require concurrence by board and Council, and a two-thirds vote.    The Controller retains his essential "fiscal watchdog" functions; his broad but little used investigative powers are confirmed. He loses now-misplaced tax collection duties, which go to the Finance Department. On net balance, in spite of Controller Gerosa's opposition to the new Charter as an invasion of his office, the Controller will have the opportunity for greater usefulness to good government than he has now.    Borough Presidents, while retaining membership in the Board of Estimate, lose their housekeeping functions. Highways go to a new Department of Highways, sewers to the Department of Public Works, such street cleaning as Borough Presidents now do (in Queens and Richmond) to the Sanitation Department.    Some fiscal changes are important. The expense (operating) budget is to be a program budget, and red tape is cut to allow greater autonomy (with the Mayor approving) in fund transfers within a department. The capital budget, for construction of permanent improvements, becomes an appropriating document instead of just a calendar of pious promises; but, as a second-look safeguard, each new project must undergo a Board of Estimate public hearing before construction proceeds.    A road block to desirable local or borough improvements, heretofore dependent on the pocketbook vote of taxpayers and hence a drag on progress, is removed by making these a charge against the whole city instead of an assessment paid by those immediately affected. This will have a beneficial effect by expediting public business; it will also correct some injustices.    Enlargement of the City Council and a new method of selecting members will be discussed tomorrow. INTER-AMERICAN PRESS The Inter-american Press Association, which blankets the Western Hemisphere from northern Canada to Cape Horn, is meeting in New York City this week for the first time in eleven years. The I& A& P& A& is a reflection of the problems and hopes of the hemisphere; and in these days this inevitably means a concentration on the effects of the Cuban revolution.    As the press in Cuba was gradually throttled by the Castro regime, more and more Cuban publishers, editors and correspondents were forced into exile.   Old, tired, trembling the woman came to the cannery. She had, she said, heard that the plant was closing. It couldn't close, she said. She had raised a calf, grown it beef-fat. She had, with her own work-weary hands, put seeds in the ground, watched them sprout, bud, blossom, and get ready to bear. She was ready to kill the beef, dress it out, and with vegetables from her garden was going to can soup, broth, hash, and stew against the winter. She had done it last year, and the year before, and the year before that, and she, and her people were dependent upon these cans for food.    This did not happen in counties of North Georgia, where the rivers run and make rich the bottom land. Nor in South Georgia, where the summer sun shines warmly and gives early life to the things growing in the flat fields.    This happened in Decatur, DeKalb County, not 10 miles from the heart of metropolitian Atlanta.    And now, the woman, tired and trembling, came here to the DeKalb County cannery. "Is it so the cannery is going to close"?    O& N& Moss, 61, tall, grey as a possum, canning plant chief since 1946, didn't know what to say. He did say she could get her beef and vegetables in cans this summer. He did say he was out of cans, the No& 3's, but "I requisitioned 22,000". He said he had No& 2's enough to last two weeks more.    Threat of closing the cannery is a recent one. A three-man committee has recommended to Commission Chairman Charles O& Emmerich that the DeKalb County cannery be closed. Reason: the cannery loses $3,000 yearly.    But DeKalb citizens, those who use the facilities of the cannery, say the cannery is not supposed to make any money.    "The cannery", said Mrs& Lewellyn Lundeen, an active booster of the cannery since its opening during the war and rationing years of 1941, to handle the "victory garden" produce, "is a service to the taxpayer. And one of the best services available to the people who try to raise and can meat, to plant, grow vegetables and put them up. It helps those people who help themselves.    "The county, though, seems more interested in those people who don't even try, those who sit and draw welfare checks and line up for surplus food".    A driver of a dairy truck, who begins work at 1 a&m& finishes before breakfast, then goes out and grows a garden, and who has used the cannery to save and feed a family of five, asked, "What in the world will we do"?    "What in the world", echoed others, those come with the beans, potatoes, the tomatoes, "will any of us do"?    Moss, a man who knows how much the cannery helps the county, doesn't believe it will close. But he is in the middle, an employe of DeKalb, but on the side of the people.    The young married people; the old couples. The dairy truck driver; the old woman with the stew.    "Don't ask me if I think the cannery helps", he said. "Sir, I know the cannery helps".    Most of us would be willing to admit that forgiveness comes hard. When a person has thoughtlessly or deliberately caused us pain or hardship it is not always easy to say, "Just forget it". There is one thing I know; a person will never have spiritual poise and inner peace as long as the heart holds a grudge. I know a man who held resentment against a neighbor for more than three decades. Several years ago I was his pastor. One night, at the close of the evening service, he came forward, left his resentment at the altar and gave his heart to God. After almost everyone had gone he told me the simple story of how one of his neighbors had moved a fence a few feet over on his land.    "We tried to settle this dispute", he said, "but could never come to an agreement. I settled it tonight", he continued. "I leave this church with a feeling that a great weight has been lifted off my heart, I have left my grudge at the altar and forgiven my neighbor".    Forgiveness is the door through which a person must pass to enter the Kingdom of God. You cannot wear the banner of God and at the same time harbor envy, jealousy and grudges in your heart. Henry van Dyke said, "Forgive and forget if you can; but forgive anyway".    Jesus made three things clear about forgiveness. We must, first of all, be willing to forgive others before we can secure God's forgiveness. "For if ye forgive men their trespasses, your heavenly Father will also forgive you: but if ye forgive not men their trespasses, neither will your Father forgive your trespasses". Matthew 6:14-15. It will do no good to seek God's forgiveness until we have forgiven those who have done us wrong.    Then, Jesus indicated that God's forgiveness is unlimited. In the prayer Jesus taught his disciples to pray we find these words, "Forgive us our debts". When a person meets God's requirements for the experience of forgiveness he is forgiven. God's mercy and patience will last forever. Forgiveness implies more than a person wanting his past sins covered by God's love. It also implies that a man wants his future to be free from the mistakes of the past. We want the past forgiven, but at the same time we must be willing for God to direct the future.    Finally, we must be willing to forgive others as many times as they sin against us. Once Peter asked, "How oft shall my brother sin against me, and I forgive him? Till seven times? Jesus saith unto him, until seventy times seven". Matthew 18:21-22.    Jesus not only taught forgiveness, He gave us an example of it on the cross. With all the energy of his broken body he prayed, "Fa   Mr& Podger always particularly enjoyed the last night of each summer at Loon Lake. The narrow fringe of sadness that ran around it only emphasized the pleasure.    The evening was not always spent in the same way. This year, on a night cool with the front of September moving in, but with plenty of summer still about, the Podgers were holding a neighborhood gathering in the Pod. The little cottage was bursting with people of all ages.    In the midst of it all, Mr& Podger came out on the Pod porch, alone. He had that day attended a country auction, and he had come back with a prize.    The prize was an old-fashioned, woven cloth hammock, complete with cross-top pillow, fringed side pieces, and hooks for hanging. Mrs& Podger had obligingly pushed things around on the porch to make room for it, and there it was, slung in a vine-shaded corner, the night breeze rippling its fringe with a slow, caressing movement.    Mr& Podger sat down in it, pushed himself back and forth in one or two slow, rhythmic motions, and then swung his feet up into it. He closed his eyes and let the unintelligible drift of voices sweep pleasantly over him. Suddenly one young voice rose above the others. "But", it said, "do you always know when you're happy"?    The voice sank back into the general tangle of sound, but the question stayed in Mr& Podger's mind. Here, in the cool, autumn-touched evening, Mr& Podger mentally retraced a day that had left him greatly contented and at peace. @ It had begun with the blue jay feather. Walking along the lake before breakfast, Mr& Podger had seen the feather, and the bird that had lost it in flight. The winging spread of blue had gone on, calling harshly, into the wood. The small shaft of blue had drifted down and come to rest at his feet. All day long Mr& Podger, who was a straw-hat man in the summer, had worn the feather in the band of his broad-brimmed sunshield. Would a blue feather in a man's hat make him happy all day? Hardly. But it was something to have seen it floating down through the early morning sunshine, linking the blue of the sky with the blue of the asters by the lake.    Then, since the auction was being held nearby, he had walked to it. And there, on the way, had been the box turtle, that slow, self-contained, world-ignoring relic of pre-history, bent, for reasons best known to itself, on crossing the road. It was doing very well, too, having reached the center, and was pursuing its way with commendable singleness of purpose when Mr& Podger saw hazard approaching in the shape of a flashy little sports car. Would the driver see the turtle? Would he take pains to avoid it?    Mr& Podger took no chances. Taking off his hat and signaling the driver with it, Mr& Podger stepped into the road, lifted the surprised turtle and consummated its road-crossing with what must have been a breath-taking suddenness.    The turtle immediately withdrew into its private council room to study the phenomenon. But Mr& Podger and the driver of the sports car waved at each other. Here in the cool darkness Mr& Podger could still feel the warmth of midday, could still see the yellow butterflies dancing over the road, could still see the friendly grin on the young, sun-browned face as the driver looked back over his shoulder for a moment before the car streaked out of sight.    Where was the driver now? What was he doing? And the turtle? Mr& Podger smiled. For a few brief minutes they had all been part of one little drama. The three would never meet again, but for some reason or other Mr& Podger was sure he would always remember the incident.    Then there had been the auction itself. Mr& Podger heard again, at will, the voice of the auctioneer, the voices of the bidders, and finally the small boy who had been so interested in Mr& Podger's hammock purchase.    "I like them things, too", he had said. "We got one at home. You know what? If you're lyin' out in the hammock at night, and it gets kinda cool- you know- you just take these sides with the fringe on- see- and wrap 'em right over you. I do it, lots o' times- I like to lie in a hammock at night, by myself, when it's all quiet. The wind moves it a little bit- you know". @ Mr& Podger had thanked him gravely, and now he made use of the advice. As he pulled the fringed sides up and made himself into a cocoon, Mr& Podger saw that thin, attractive, freckled little face again, and hoped that the boy, too, was lying in a cool, fringed-wrapped quiet.    Alacrity, the Podger cat, came by the hammock, rubbed her back briefly against it, and then, sure of a welcome, hopped up. She remarked that she found the night wind a little chilly, and Mr& Podger took her inside the fringe. Soon her purring rivaled the chirping of the tree crickets, rivaled the hum of voices from inside the Pod.    Mr& Podger was just adding this to his pictures of the day when the screen door opened and Pam burst out. "Dad"! she said. "It's getting so chilly we've lighted a fire, and we're going to tell a round robin story- a nice, scary one. We need you to start it. Why are you out here all by yourself? Aren't you happy"?    Mr& Podger opened his cocoon and emerged, tucking Alacrity under his arm to bring her in by the fire. "Of course I am", he said. "Never happier in my life. I just came out here to know it". _DALLAS_    As the South begins another school year, national and even world attention is directed at the region's slow progress toward racial equality in the public schools.    Desegregation is beginning in two more important Southern cities- Dallas and Atlanta. In each city civic and education leaders have been working hard to get public opinion prepared to accept the inevitability of equal treatment.    These programs emphasize the acceptance of biracial classrooms peacefully. The programs do not take sides on the issue itself. They po_MIAMI, FLA&, MARCH 17._    An out-of-town writer came up to Paul Richards today and asked the Oriole manager if he thought his ball club would be improved this year.    Now Richards, of course, is known as a deep thinker as baseball managers go. He can often make the complex ridiculously simple, and vice versa. This happened to be vice versa, but even so, the answer was a masterpiece.    "It's a whole lot easier", he said, "to increase the population of Nevada, than it is to increase the population of New York city". And with that he walked off to give instruction to a rookie pitcher.    "That is undoubtedly a hell of a quote", said the writer, scratching his head. "Now, if I can just figure out what he's talking about, I'll use it". TWO SPOTS OPEN This was just Richard's way of saying that last year the Birds opened spring training with a lot of jobs wide open. Some brilliant rookies nailed them down, so that this spring just two spots, left and right field, are really up for grabs.    It should be easier to plug two spots than it was to fill the wholesale lots that were open last year, but so far it hasn't worked that way.    This angle of just where the Orioles can look for improvement this year is an interesting one. You'd never guess it from the way they've played so far this spring, but there remains a feeling among some around here that the Orioles still have a chance to battle for the pennant in 1961.    Obviously, if this club is going to move from second to first in the American League, it will have to show improvement someplace. Where can that improvement possibly come from?    You certainly can't expect the infield to do any better than it did last year. ROBBY COULD BE BETTER Brooks Robinson is great, and it is conceivable that he'll do even better in 1961 than he did in 1960. You can't expect it, though. Robby's performance last year was tremendous.    It's the same with Ron Hansen and jim Gentile. If they do as well as they did in 1960 there can be no complaint. They shouldn't be asked to carry any more of the burden.    Hansen will be getting a late spring training start, which might very well set him back. He got off to an exceptional start last season, and under the circumstances probably won't duplicate it.    There are some clubs which claim they learned something about pitching to him last year. They don't expect to stop him, just slow him down some with the bat. He'll still be a top player, they concede, because he's got a great glove and the long ball going for him. But they expect to reduce his over-all offensive production. BREEDING MIGHT MOVE UP Gentile can hardly do better than drive in 98 runs. Don't ask him more.    I have a hunch Marv Breeding might move up a notch. But even so, he had a good year in 1960 and won't do too much better.    So, all in all, the infield can't be expected to supply the added improvement to propel the Birds from second to first.    And the pitching will also have trouble doing better. Richards got a great performance out of his combination of youth and experience last season.    Where, then, can we look for improvement?    "From Triandos, Brandt and Walker", answers Richards. "They're the ones we can expect to do better".    The man is right, and at this time, indications are that these three are ready for better seasons.    Triandos hasn't proved it yet, but he says he's convinced his thumb is all right. He jammed it this spring and has had to rest it, but he says the old injury hasn't bothered him. If he can bounce back with one of those 25 home runs years, the club will have to be better off offensively.    I'm still not convinced, though, I'll have to see more of him before predicting that big year for him. Hank Foiles, backed up by Frank House who will be within calling distance in the minors, make up better second line catching than the Birds had all last year, but Gus is still that big man you need when you start talking pennant.    To me, Brandt looks as though he could be in for a fine year. He hasn't played too much, because Richards has been working on him furiously in batting practice. He's hitting the ball hard, in the batting cage, and his whole attitude is improved over this time last year.    When he came to Baltimore, he was leaving a team which was supposed to win the National League pennant, and he was joining what seemed to be a second division American League club. He was down, hard to talk to, and far too nonchalant on the field. As of now, that all seems behind him. He's been entirely different all spring.    And Walker looks stronger, seems to be throwing better than he did last year. Let him bounce back, and he could really set up the staff.    So, if the Orioles are to improve, Brandt, Triandos and Walker will have to do it.    So far the platoons on left and right fielders don't seem capable of carrying the load.    Of course, this isn't taking into consideration the population of Nevada and New York city, but it's the way things look from here at this point.    Is the mother of an "autistic" child at fault? (The "autistic" child is one who seems to lack a well-defined sense of self. He tends to treat himself and other people as if they were objects- and sometimes he treats objects as if they were people.) Did his mother make him this way?    Some people believe she did.    We think differently. We believe that autism, like so many other conditions of defect and deviation, is to a large extent inborn. A mother can help a child adapt to his difficulties.    Sometimes she can- to a large extent- help him overcome them. But we don't think she creates them. We don't think she can make her child defective,    California Democrats this weekend will take the wraps off a 1962 model statewide campaign vehicle which they have been quietly assembling in a thousand district headquarters, party clubrooms and workers' backyards.    They seem darned proud of it.    And they're confident that the ~GOP, currently assailed by dissensions within the ranks, will be impressed by the purring power beneath the hood of this grassroots-fueled machine. @ Their meeting at San Francisco is nominally scheduled as a conference of the California Democratic Council directorate. But it will include 200-odd officeholders, organization leaders and "interested party people".    Out of this session may come: _1_    - Plans for a dramatic, broad-scale party rally in Los Angeles next December that would enlist top-drawer Democrats from all over the country. _2_    - Blueprints for doubling the ~CDC's present 55,000 enrollment. _3_    - Arrangements for a statewide pre-primary endorsing convention in Fresno next Jan& 26-28. _4_    - And proposals for a whole series of lesser candidate-picking conventions in the state's 38 new Congressional districts.    At the head of the ~CDC is an unorthodox, 39-year-old amateur politico, Thomas B& Carvey Jr&, whose normal profession is helping develop Hughes Aircraft's moon missiles. He's approached his Democratic duties in hard-nosed engineering fashion. @ Viewed from afar, the ~CDC looks like a rather stalwart political pyramid: its elected directorate fans out into an array of district leaders and standing committees, and thence into its component clubs and affiliated groups- 500 or so.    Much of its strength stems from the comfortable knowledge that every "volunteer" Democratic organization of any consequence belongs to the ~CDC. @ Moreover, the entire state Democratic hierarchy, from Gov& Brown on down to the county chairmen, also participates in this huge operation.    Contrarily, Republican "volunteers" go their separate ways, and thus far have given no indication that they'd be willing to join forces under a single directorate, except in the most loose-knit fashion.    Carvey believes that reapportionment, which left many Democratic clubs split by these new district boundaries, actually will increase ~CDC membership. Where only one club existed before, he says, two will flourish henceforth.    Biggest organizational problem, he adds, is setting up ~CDC units in rock-ribbed Democratic territory. Paradoxically the council is weakest in areas that register 4- and 5-to-1 in the party's favor, strongest where Democrats and Republicans compete on a fairly even basis.    Like most Democratic spokesmen, Carvey predicts 1962 will be a tremendously "partisan year". Hence the attention they're lavishing on the ~CDC.    In all probability, the council will screen and endorse candidates for the Assembly and for Congress, and then strive to put its full weight behind these pre-primary favorites. This bodes heated contests in several districts where claims have already been staked out by Democratic hopefuls who don't see eye-to-eye with the ~CDC.    Naturally, the statewide races will provide the major test for the expanding council.    Shunted aside by the rampant organizers for John F& Kennedy last year, who relegated it to a somewhat subordinate role in the Presidential campaign, the ~CDC plainly intends to provide the party's campaign muscle in 1962. There is evidence that it will be happily received by Gov& Brown and the other constitutional incumbents. @ Carvey considers that former Vice President Nixon would be Brown's most formidable foe, with ex-Gov& Knight a close second. But the rest of the ~GOP gubernatorial aspirants don't worry him very much.    In his ~CDC work, Carvey has the close-in support and advice of one of California's shrewdest political strategists: former Democratic National Committeeman Paul Ziffren, who backed him over a Northland candidate espoused by Atty& Gen& Stanley Mosk. (Significantly, bitter echoes of the 1960 power struggle that saw Mosk moving into the national committee post over Ziffren are still audible in party circles). @ Note: We've just received an announcement of the 54th Assembly district post-reapportionment organizing convention Wednesday night in South Pasadena's War Memorial Bldg&, which graphically illustrates the ~CDC's broad appeal. State Sen& Dick Richards will keynote; state and county committeemen, ~CDC directors and representatives, members of 16 area clubs, and "all residents" have been invited.    This is going to be a language lesson, and you can master it in a few minutes. It is a short course in Communese.    It works with English, Russian, German, Hungarian or almost any other foreign tongue. Once you learn how to translate Communese, much of each day's deluge of news will become clearer. At least, I have found it so. @ For some compulsive reason which would have fascinated Dr& Freud, Communists of all shapes and sizes almost invariably impute to others the very motives which they harbor themselves. They accuse their enemies of precisely the crimes of which they themselves are most guilty.    President Kennedy's latest warning to the Communist world that the United States will build up its military strength to meet any challenge in Berlin or elsewhere was somewhat surprisingly, reported in full text or fairly accurate excerpts behind the Iron Curtain. Then the Communese reply came back from many mouthpieces with striking consistency.    Now listen closely.    Moscow radio from the Literary Gazette in English to England. @ "President Kennedy once again interpreted the Soviet proposals, to sign a peace treaty with Germany as a threat, as part of the world menace allegedly looming over the countries of capitalism. Evidently the war drum beating and hysteria so painstakingly being stirred up in the West have been planned long in advance. The West Berlin crisis is being played up artificially because it is needed by the United States to justify its arms drive".    The Soviet news agency ~TASS datelined from New York in English to Europe:    "President Kennedy's enlargement of the American military program was welcomed on Wall Street as a stimulus to the American munitions industry. When the stock exchange opened this morning, many dealers were quick to purchase shares in Douglas, Lockheed and United Aircraft and prices rose substantially. Over 4 million shares were sold,   Sing Sing's prisoner strike was motivated by a reasonable purpose, a fair break from parole boards. But once the strike trend hits hoosegows, there is no telling how far it may go. Inmates might even demand the 34-hour week, all holidays off and fringe benefits including state contributions toward lawyers' fees. Some day we might see a Federation of Prison and Jail Inmates, with a leader busily trying to organize reformatory occupants, defendants out on bail, convicts opposed to probation officers, etc&. _@_    A three-day confinement week, with a month's vacation and shorter hours all around could be an ultimate demand from cell occupants of the nation, with fringe benefits including: _1._    Wider space between iron bars and agreement by prison boards to substitute rubber in 20 per cent of metal. _2._    An agreement allowing convicts to pass on type of locks used on prison doors. In case of a deadlock between prison boards and inmates, a federal arbitration board to include a "lifer" and two escapees should decide the issue. _3._    Specific broadening of travel rights. _4._    The right to leave the hoosegow any time to see a lawyer instead of waiting for a lawyer to make a trip to the prison. _5._    Recognition of Prisoners Union rule that no member of an iron or steel workers union be permitted to repair a sawed-off bar without approval and participation of representative of the cell occupant. _6._    No warden or guard to touch lock, key or doorknob except when accompanied by a prisoners' committee with powers of veto. _7._    State and federal approval of right to walk out at any time when so voted by 51 per cent of the prisoners. @ The death of Harold A& Stevens, oldest of the Stevens brothers, famed operators of baseball, football and race track concessions, revived again the story of one of the greatest business successes in history. Harold, with brothers Frank, Joe and William, took over at the death of their father, Harry M& Stevens, who put a few dollars into a baseball program, introduced the "hot dog" and paved the way for creation of a catering empire. Family loyalties and cooperative work have been unbroken for generations. @ ~IBM has a machine that can understand spoken words and talk back. Nevertheless, it will seem funny to have to send for a mechanic to improve conversation. @ Rembrandt's "Aristotle Contemplating Bust of Homer" brought $2,300,000 at auction the other night. Both Aristotle and Homer may in spirit be contemplating "bust" of the old-fashioned American dollar. @ The owner of the painting got it for $750,000, sold it for $500,000 in a market crash, and bought it back for $590,000. Apologies are in order from anybody who said "Are you sure you're not making a mistake"? @ "Wagon Train" is reported the No& 1 ~TV show. After all, where else can the public see a wagon these days? @ Lucius Beebe's book, "Mr& Pullman's Elegant Palace Car", fills us with nostalgia, recalling days when private cars and Pullmans were extra wonderful, with fine woodwork, craftsmanship in construction, deep carpets and durable upholstery. Beebe tells of one private car that has gold plumbing. Jay Gould kept a cow on one de luxer. _WASHINGTON_    - Rep& Frelinghuysen, ~R-5th Dist&, had a special reason for attending the reception at the Korean Embassy for Gen& Chung Hee Park, the new leader of South Korea.    Not only is Mr& Frelinghuysen a member of the House Foreign Affairs Committee, but he is the grandson of the man who was instrumental in opening relations between the United States and Korea, Frederick T& Frelinghuysen, secretary of state in the administration of Chester A& Arthur. In addition Rep& Frelinghuysen's brother Harry was on the Korean desk of the State Department in World War /2,.    Next year is the 80th anniversary of the signing of the treaty between Korea and the United States and experts in Seoul are trying to find the correspondence between Frederick Frelinghuysen, who was secretary of state in 1883 and 1884, and Gen& Lucius Foote, who was the first minister to Korea.    They enlisted the help of the New Jersey congressman, who has been able to trace the letters to the national archives, where they are available on microfilm. ON THE JOB A top official of the New Frontier who kept a record of his first weeks on the job here gives this report of his experiences:    In his first six weeks in office he presided over 96 conferences, attended 35 official breakfasts and dinners, studied and signed 285 official papers and personally took 312 telephone calls.    In addition, he said, he has answered more than 400 messages of congratulations which led him to the comment that he himself had decided he wouldn't send another congratulatory message for the rest of his life. _@_    Sen& Case ~R-N&J&, has received a nice "thank you" note from a youngster he appointed to the Air Force Academy in Colorado.    Air Force life is great, the cadet wrote, "though the fourth-class system is no fun". He invited Mr& Case to stop by to say hello if he ever visited the academy and then added that he was on the managerial staff of the freshman football team    "We have just returned from Roswell, N&M&, where we were defeated, 34 to 9", the young man noted. "We have a tremendous amount of talent- but we lack cohesion". @ KIND MR& SAM Among the many stories about the late Speaker Rayburn is one from Rep& Dwyer, ~R-6th Dist&. Mrs& Dwyer's husband, M& Joseph Dwyer, was taking a 10-year-old boy from Union County on the tour of the Capitol during the final weeks of the last session. They ran across Mr& Rayburn and the youngster expressed a desire to get the Speaker's autograph.    Mr& Dwyer said that although it was obvious that Mr& Rayburn was not well he stopped, gave the youngster his autograph, asked where he was from and expressed the hope that he would enjoy his visit to Congress.    Two days later Mr& Rayburn left Washington for the last time.    The 350th anniversa   Sizzling temperatures and hot summer pavements are anything but kind to the feet. That is why it is important to invest in comfortable, airy types of shoes.    There are many soft and light shoe leathers available. Many styles have perforations and an almost weightlessness achieved via unlined leathers. Softness is found in crushed textures.    Styles run the gamut from slender and tapered with elongated toes to a newer squared toe shape. Heels place emphasis on the long legged silhouette. Wine glass heels are to be found in both high and semi-heights. Stacked heels are also popular on dressy or tailored shoes. Just the barest suggestion of a heel is found on teenage pumps. COOLEST SHADE While white is the coolest summer shade, there are lots of pastel hues along with tintable fabrics that will blend with any wardrobe color.    In the tintable group are high and little heels, squared and oval throats, and shantung-like textures.    Don't overlook the straws this year. They come in crisp basket weaves in natural honey hues, along with lacey open weaves with a lustre finish in natural, white, black and a whole range of colors. In the casual field straws feature wedge heels of cork or carved wood in a variety of styles. For added comfort some of the Italian designed sandals have foam padded cushioning.    The citrus tones popular in clothing are also to be found afoot. Orange and lemon are considered important as are such pastels as blue and lilac. In a brighter nautical vein is Ille de France blue. Contrast trim provides other touches of color. Spectators in white crush textures dip toe and heel in smooth black, navy and taffy tan. DESIGNED FOR EASE Designed for summer comfort are the shoes illustrated. At the left is a pair of dressy straw pumps in a light, but crisp texture. In a lacey open weave shoes have a luster finish, braided collar and bow highlight on the squared throat. At right is a casual style in a crushed unlined white leather. Flats have a scalloped throat.    An electric toothbrush (Broxodent) may soon take its place next to the electric razor in the American bathroom. The brush moves up and down and is small enough to clean every dental surface, including the back of the teeth. In addition, the motor has the seal of approval of the Underwriters Laboratories, which means it is safe.    The unit consists of a small motor that goes on as soon as it is plugged in. The speed is controlled by pressing on the two brake buttons located where the index finger and thumb are placed when holding the motor. The bushes can be cleaned and sterilized by boiling and are detachable so that every member of the family can have his own.    Most of us brush our teeth by hand. The same can be said of shaving yet the electric razor has proved useful to many men.    The electric toothbrush moves in a vertical direction, the way dentists recommend. In addition, it is small enough to get into crevices, jacket and crown margins, malposed anteriors, and the back teeth. The bristles are soft enough to massage the gums and not scratch the enamel.    It is conceivable that Broxodent could do a better job than ordinary bushing, especially in those who do not brush their teeth properly. Several dentists and patients with special dental problems have experimented with the device. The results were good although they are difficult to compare with hand brushing, particularly when the individual knows how to brush his teeth properly. The electric gadget is most helpful when there are many crowned teeth and in individuals who are elderly, bedfast with a chronic disease, or are handicapped by disorders such as cerebral palsy or muscular dystrophy.    But for many of us, it will prove an enjoyable luxury. It is not as convenient as the old type toothbrush and the paste tends to shimmy of the bristles. Since the apparatus is new, it requires experimentation and changes in technique. TURN OVER @ writes: Does numbness in the left hand at night, which awakens the person, indicate brain tumor? _REPLY_    No. This is a common symptom and the cause usually is pressure on the nerve leading to the affected hand. The pressure may come from muscles, tendons, or bones anywhere from the neck to the hand. STEAM BATHS @ writes: Do steam baths have any health value? _REPLY_    No, other than cleaning out the pores and making the sweat glands work harder. An ordinary hot bath or shower will do the same. SEWING BRINGS NUMBNESS @ writes: What makes my hands numb when sewing? _REPLY_    There are many possibilities, including poor circulation, a variety of neurological conditions, and functional disorders. This manifestation may be an early sign of multiple sclerosis or the beginning of sewer's cramp. BRACE FOR SCIATICA @ writes: Does a brace help in sciatica? _REPLY_    A back brace might help, depending upon the cause of sciatica. CHOLESTEROL AND THYROID @ writes: Does the cholesterol go down when most of the thyroid gland is removed? _REPLY_    No. It usually goes up. The cholesterol level in the blood is influenced by the glands of the body. It is low when the thyroid is overactive and high when the gland is sluggish. The latter is likely to occur when the thyroid is removed.    The gap between the bookshelf and the record cabinet grows smaller with each new recording catalogue.    There's more reading and instruction to be heard on discs than ever before, although the spoken rather than the sung word is as old as Thomas Alva Edison's first experiment in recorded sound. Edison could hardly have guessed, however, that Sophocles would one day appear in stereo.    If the record buyer's tastes are somewhat eclectic or even the slightest bit esoteric, he will find them satisfied on educational records. And he will avoid eye-strain in the process.    Everything from poetry to phonetics, history to histrionics, philosophy to party games has been adapted to the turntable.    For sheer ambition, take the Decca series   This is the period during the melancholy days of autumn when universities and colleges schedule what they call "Homecoming Day". They seek thereby to lure the old grad back to the old scenes.    The football opponent on homecoming is, of course, selected with the view that said opponent will have little more chance than did a Christian when thrown to one of the emperor's lions. It is true, of course, the uncertainties of life being what they are, that as now and then the Christian killed the lion, homecoming days have been ruined by a visiting team.    Even with all possible precaution, homecomings are usually rather cruel and sad, and only the perpetually ebullient and the continually optimistic are made happy by them.    More often than not, as the Old Grad wanders along the old paths, his memory of happy days when he strolled one of the paths with a coed beside him becomes an ache and a pain. He can smell again the perfume she wore and recall the lilting sound of laughter, and can smell again the aroma of autumn- fallen leaves, the wine of cool air, and the nostalgia of woodsmoke which blows through all the winds of fall. UNDERGRADUATES It is at precisely such moments that he encounters a couple of undergraduates, faces alight, holding hands and talking happily as they come along, oblivious of him, or throwing him the most fleeting and casual of glances, such as they would give a tethered goat. Usually, they titter loudly after they have passed by.    His dream goes. He feels, suddenly, the weight of the fat that is on him. His bridgework or his plates feel loose and monstrous. His bifocals blur. His legs suddenly feel heavy and unaccountably weary, as if he had walked for miles, instead of strolling a few hundred yards along the old campus paths. Bitterness comes over him and the taste of time is like unripe persimmons in his mouth.    It is not much better if he meets with old classmates. Too often, unless he hails them, they pass him by. He recalls with a wry smile the wit who said, on returning from a homecoming reunion, that he would never go again because all his class had changed so much they didn't even recognize him.    If they do meet and recognize one another, slap backs and embrace, the moment soon is done. After all, when one has asked whatever became of old Joe and Charlie; when one has inquired who it was Sue Brown married and where it is they now live; when questions are asked and answered about families and children; and old professors; when the game and its probable outcome has been exhausted; that does it. MIDDLE-AGED SPREAD By then one begins to notice the middle-age spread; the gray hairs, the eyeglasses, bodies that are too thin or too heavy; the fading signs of old beauty; the athlete of by-gone years who wears a size 46 suit and puffs when he has finished a sentence of any length; then, it is time to break it up and move on.    It is, if anything, worse on the old player.    He sits in the stands and he doesn't like that. Enough of his life was spent there on the field for him never to like watching the game as a spectator in the crowd. He always feels lonely. A team feels something. On a team a man feels he is a part of it and akin to the men next to him. In the stands he is lonely and lost, no matter how many are about him.    He sits there remembering the tense moment before the ball was snapped; the churning of straining feet, the rasp of the canvas pants; the smell and feel of hot, wet woolen sleeves across his face. He remembers the desperate, panting breath; the long runs on the kick-offs; the hard, jolting tackles; the breakthrough; the desperate agony of goal-line stands. And so, he squirms with each play, remembering his youth.    But it is no use. It is gone.    No matter how often a man goes back to the scenes of his youth and strength, they can never be recaptured again.    Since the obvious is not always true, the Republican National Committee wisely analyzed its defeat of last autumn and finds that it occurred, as suspected, in the larger cities.    Of 40 cities with populations of 300,000 and more, Mr& Kennedy carried 26 and Mr& Nixon 14. There are eight states in which the largest urban vote can be the balance of power in any close election. These are New York, Pennsylvania, Michigan, Maryland, Missouri, New Jersey, Illinois and Minnesota. In 1952 Mr& Eisenhower won all but Missouri. Yet, in 1960 all eight gave majorities to Mr& Kennedy.    Republican research broke down the vote in Philadelphia. Mr& Nixon, despite a very earnest effort to capture the minority groups, failed to do so. His visit to Warsaw, Poland, after the Russian journey in the summer of 1959 was expected to win the Polish vote which, in several cities, is substantial. Yet, the ~GOP breakdown discovered that in Philadelphia Mr& Nixon received but 21 per cent of the so-called "Polish" vote; 30 per cent of the "Irish" vote, and 18 per cent of the "Negro" vote. 'TASK FORCE' A ~GOP "task force' committee will seek to find out how its party may win support from the ethnic and minority groups in cities.    The task force might make a start in Washington with Republican congressional leaders. These gentlemen already have done the party harm by their seeming reluctance to vote aid for the depressed areas and by their criticism of Mr& Kennedy for talking about a recession and unemployment. This error was compounded by declaring the recession to be "a statistical one", and not a reality. The almost six million persons without jobs and the two million working part-time do not consider themselves and their plight as statistical. They did not view the tour of the distressed cities and towns by Secretary of Labor Goldberg as politics, which the ~GOP declared it to be. The people visited were glad to have a government with heart enough to take a   The Providence Journal editorial (Jan& 25) entitled "East Greenwich Faces a Housing Development Problem" points to a dilemma that faces communities such as ours. Your suggested solution, it seems to me, is grossly oversimplified and is inconsistent with your generally realistic attitude toward, and endorsement of, sound planning.    First of all there is ample area in East Greenwich already zoned in the classification similar to that which petitioner requested. This land is in various stages of development in several locations throughout the town. The demand for these lots can be met for some time to come. This would seem to indicate that we are trying neither "to halt an influx of migrants" nor are we "setting up such standards for development that only the well-to-do could afford to buy land and build in the new sites".    What we are attempting to do is achieve and maintain a balance between medium density and low density residential areas and industrial and commercial development. It is in fact entirely consistent with your suggestion of modest industrial development to help pay governmental costs. Bostitch, Inc& is approximately half way through a 10-year exemption of their real estate tax. The wisdom of granting such tax exemptions is another matter, but this particular instance is, in my opinion, completely satisfactory. The 1960 tax book for East Greenwich indicates a valuation for this property in excess of two million dollars. With our current $3 per hundred tax rate, it is safe to assume that this will qualify when you suggest a community should "try to develop a modest industrial plant" as the best way to meet these problems.    In order to attract additional industry that is compatible with this community it is all the more important to present to the industrial prospect an orderly balance in the tax structure. As this tax base grows so then can your medium and low density residential areas grow. Mr& Richard Preston, executive director of the New Hampshire State Planning and Development Commission, in his remarks to the Governors Conference on Industrial Development at Providence on October 8, 1960, warned against the fallacy of attempting to attract industry solely to reduce the tax rate or to underwrite municipal services such as schools when he said: "If this is the fundamental reason for a community's interest or if this is the basic approach, success if any will be difficult to obtain". He went on to say: "In the first place, industry per se is not dedicated to the role of savior of foundering municipalities. It is not in business for the purpose of absorbing increased municipal costs no matter how high a purpose that may be".    While Councilman Olson cited the anticipated increase in school costs in answer to a direct question from a taxpayer, the impact upon a school system does not have to be measured only in increased taxes to find alarm in uncontrolled growth. We in East Greenwich have the example of two neighboring communities, one currently utilizing double sessions in their schools, and the other facing this prospect next year. It has already been reported in your newspapers that the East Greenwich School Committee is considering additions to at least one elementary school and to the high school to insure future accommodations for a school population that we know will increase. If they are to be commended for foresight in their planning, what then is the judgment of a town council that compounds this problem during the planning stage? Where then is the sound planning and cooperation between agencies within the community that you have called for in other editorials? I submit that it cannot be dismissed simply by saying we are not facing the facts of life.    The "fruitful course" of metropolitanization that you recommend is currently practiced by the town of East Greenwich and had its inception long before we learned what it was called. For example: _1._    The East Greenwich Police Department utilizes the radio transmission facilities of the Warwick Police Department, thereby eliminating duplication of facilities and ensuring police coordination in the Cowessett-East Greenwich-Potowomut area of the two communities. _2._    The East Greenwich Fire District services parts of Warwick as well as East Greenwich. _3._    The taxpayers of East Greenwich appropriate sums of money, as do other Kent County communities, for the support of the Kent County Memorial Hospital, a regional facility. _4._    The East Greenwich Free Library receives financial support from the town of East Greenwich and the City of Warwick to supplement its endowment. _5._    Feelers were put out last year to the City of Warwick, as reported in your newspapers, suggesting investigation of a common rubbish disposal area to service the Potowomut and Cowessett areas of Warwick along with East Greenwich. _6._    East Greenwich was one of the first Rhode Island towns to enter into contract agreement with the Rhode Island Development Council for planning services we could not provide for ourselves. _7._    The education program for retarded children conducted by the East Greenwich school system has pupils from at least one neighboring community.    I feel compelled to write this because I am greatly concerned with the problem of community growth rate and the relation between types of growth in a town such as East Greenwich. I believe it is an area in which professional planners have failed to set adequate guide posts; and yet they cannot ignore this problem because it concerns the implementation of nearly all the planning programs they have devised. These programs are volumes of waste paper and lost hours if the citizens of a community must stand aside while land developers tell them when, where, and in what manner the community shall grow. We have far less to fear in the migrant family than we have in the migrant developer under these conditions.    Until professional planners meet this situation squarely and update the concepts of zoning in a manner acceptable to the courts, I hope we in East Greenwich can continue to shape our own destiny. @    I would like very much, on behalf of my husband and myself, to send our eternal thanks to all the wonderful peo"A LOUSY JOB" _CHICAGO, AUG& 9_    - No doubt there have been moments during every Presidency when the man in the White House has had feelings of frustration, exasperation, exhaustion, and even panic. This we can sympathetically understand. But no President ever before referred to his as a "lousy job" [as Walter Trohan recently quoted President Kennedy as doing in conversation with Sen& Barry Goldwater].    During his aggressive campaign to win his present position, Mr& Kennedy was vitriolic about this country's "prestige" abroad. What does he think a remark like this "lousy" one does to our prestige and morale?    If the President of the United States really feels he won himself a "lousy job", then heaven help us all. @ QUESTIONS SHELTERS _EVANSVILLE, IND&, AUG& 5_    - Defense Secretary Robert S& McNamara has asked Congress for authority and funds to build fallout shelters costing about 200 million dollars. Why should Congress even consider allowing such a sum for that which can give no protection?    Top scientists have warned that an area hit by an atomic missile of massive power would be engulfed in a suffocating fire storm which would persist for a long time. The scientists have also warned that no life above ground or underground, sheltered or unsheltered could be expected to survive in an area at least 50 miles in diameter.    This sum spent for foreign economic aid, the peace corps, food for peace, or any other program to solve the problems of the underdeveloped countries would be an investment that would pay off in world peace, increased world trade, and prosperity for every country on the globe.    Let us prepare for peace, instead of for a war which would mean the end of civilization. @ SHORT SHORTS ON THE CAMPUS _CHICAGO, AUG& 4_    - It seems college isn't what it should be. I refer to the attire worn by the students. Upon a visit to a local junior college last week, I was shocked to see the young ladies wearing short shorts and the young men wearing Bermuda shorts.    Is this what our children are to come face to face with when they are ready for college in a few years? Education should be uppermost in their minds, but with this attire how can anyone think it is so? It looks more like they are going to play at the beach instead of taking lessons on bettering themselves.    High school students have more sense of the way to dress than college students. Many high school students go past my house every day, and they look like perfect ladies and gentlemen. No matter how hot the day, they are dressed properly and not in shorts. @ MASARYK AWARD _CHICAGO, AUG& 9_    - The granting of the Jan Masaryk award August 13 to Senator Paul Douglas is a bitter example of misleading minorities.    Douglas has consistently voted to aid the people who killed Masaryk, and against principles Masaryk died to uphold. Douglas has voted for aid to Communists and for the destruction of individual freedom [public housing, foreign aid, etc&]. @ SUBSIDIES FROM ~CTA _OAK PARK, AUG& 8_    - In today's "Voice", the ~CTA is urged to reduce fares for senior citizens. Rising costs have increased the difficulties of the elderly, and I would be the last to say they should not receive consideration. But why is it the special responsibility of the ~CTA to help these people?    Why should ~CTA regular riders subsidize reduced transportation for old people any more than the people who drive their own cars or walk to work should? The welfare of citizens, old and young, is the responsibility of the community, not only of that part of it that rides the ~CTA. ~CTA regulars already subsidize transportation for school children, policemen, and firemen. @ MARKETING MEAT _CHICAGO, AUG& 9_    - In reply to a letter in today's "voice" urging the sale of meat after 6 p& m&, I wish to state the other side of the story.    I am the wife of the owner of a small, independent meat market. My husband's hours away from home for the past years have been from 7 a& m& to 7 p& m& the early part of the week, and as late as 8 or 9 on week-ends. Now he is apparently expected to give up his evenings- and Sundays, too, for this is coming.    There is a trend to packaging meat at a central source, freezing it, and shipping it to outlying stores, where meat cutters will not be required. If a customer wishes a special cut, it will not be available. We are slowly being regimented to having everything packaged, whether we want it or not.    Most women, in this age of freezers, shop for the entire week on week-ends, when prices are lower. Also, many working wives have children or husbands who take over the shopping chores for them.    Independent market owners work six days a week; and my husband hasn't had a vacation in 14 years. No, we are not greedy. But if we closed the store for a vacation, we would lose our customers to the chain stores in the next block.    The meat cutters' union, which has a history of being one of the fairest and least corrupt in our area, represents the little corner markets as well as the large supermarkets. What it is trying to do is to protect the little man, too, as well as trying to maintain a flow of fresh meat to all stores, with choice of cut being made by the consumer, not the store. @ THE LEGION CONVENTION AND SIDNEY HOLZMAN _CHICAGO, AUG& 9_    - I, too, congratulate the American Legion, of which I am proud to have been a member for more than 40 years, on the recent state convention.    I regret that Bertha Madeira [today's "Voice"] obtained incorrect information. Had I been granted the floor on a point of personal privilege, the matter she raised would have been clarified.    The resolution under discussion at the convention was to require the boards of election to instruct judges to properly display the American flag. Judges under the jurisdiction of the Chicago board of election commissioners are instructed to do this.    The resolution further asked that polling place proprietors affix an attachment to their premises for the display of the flag.    It was my desire to advise the membership of the Legion that"WORKERS OF THE PARTY" _TO THE EDITOR:_    Sir- We are writing in reference to a recent "suggestion" made to the staff of the Public Health Nursing Service of Jersey City (registered professional nurses with college background and varying experiences). The day before Election Day, to which we are entitled as a legal holiday, we were informed to report to our respective polls to work as "workers of the party".    Being ethical and professional people interested in community health and well-being, we felt this wasn't a function of our position. Such tactics reek of totalitarianism! As we understand, this directive was given to all city and county employes.    To our knowledge no nurse in our agency has been employed because of political affiliation. We, therefore, considered the "suggestion" an insult to our intelligence, ethics, Bill of Rights, etc&. Our only obligation for this day is to vote, free of persuasion, for the person we feel is capable in directing the public.    This is our duty- not as nurses or city employes- but as citizens of the United States. @ "PLUS-ONE" SHELTERS _TO THE EDITOR:_    Sir- I read of a man who felt he should not build a fallout shelter in his home because it would be selfish for him to sit secure while his neighbors had no shelters. Does this man live in a neighborhood where all are free loaders unwilling to help themselves, but ready to demand that "the community" help and protect them?    Community shelters are, of course, necessary for those having no space for shelter. If in a town of 2,000 private homes, half of them have shelters, the need for the community shelters will be reduced to that extent.    In designing his home fallout shelter there is nothing to prevent a man from planning to shelter that home's occupants, "plus-one"- so he will be able to take in a stranger. I hope the man who plans to sit on his hands until the emergency comes will have a change of heart, will get busy and be the first member of our "plus-one" shelter club. @ ESCAPE _TO THE EDITOR:_    Sir- People continue to inquire the reason for the race for outer space. It's simple enough from my point of view. I am for it.    It is the only method left for a man to escape from a woman's world. @ SUPPORTS KATANGA _TO THE EDITOR:_    Sir- When the colonies decided upon freedom from England, we insisted, through the Declaration of Independence, that the nations of the world recognize us as a separate political entity. It is high time the United States began to realize that the God-given rights of men set forth in that document are applicable today to Katanga.    In the United Nations Charter, the right of self-determination is also an essential principle. This, again, applies to Katanga. The people of Katanga had fought for, and obtained, their freedom from the Communist yoke of Antoine Gizenga, and his cohorts. By political, economic, geographic and natural standards, they were justified in doing so.    The United States and the U&N& denounce their own principles when they defend the Communist oppressors and refuse to acknowledge the right of self-determination of the Katangans. @ COUNTY COLLEGE COSTS _TO THE EDITOR:_    Sir- Permit me to commend your editorial in which you stress the fact that a program of county colleges will substantially increase local tax burdens and that taxpayers have a right to a clear idea of what such a program would commit them to.    The bill which passed the Assembly last May and is now pending in the Senate should be given careful scrutiny. The procedure for determining the amounts of money to be spent by county colleges and raised by taxation will certainly startle many taxpayers.    Under the proposal the members of the board of trustees of a county college will be appointed; none will be elected. The trustees will prepare an annual budget for the college and submit it to the board of school estimate. This board will consist of two of the trustees of the college, and the director and two members of the board of freeholders. It will determine the amount of money to be spent by the college and will certify this amount to the board of freeholders, which "shall appropriate in the same manner as other appropriations are made by it the amount so certified and the amount shall be assessed, levied and collected in the same manner as moneys appropriated for other purposes".    The approval of only three members of the board of school estimate is required to certify the amount of money to be allotted to the college. Since two of these could be trustees of the college, actually it would be necessary to have the consent of only one elected official to impose a levy of millions of dollars of tax revenue. This is taxation without representation. @ TAXING IMPROVEMENTS _TO THE EDITOR:_    Sir- Your editorial, "Housing Speedup", is certainly not the answer to our slum problems. The very rules and regulations in every city are the primary case of slum conditions.    Change our taxing law so that no tax shall be charged to any owner for additions or improvements to his properties. Then see what a boom in all trades, as well as slum clearance at no cost to taxpayers, will happen. Our entire economy will have a terrific uplift. @ "NATURAL CAUSES" _TO THE EDITOR:_    Sir- An old man is kicked to death by muggers. The medical examiner states that death was due to "natural causes".    I once heard a comedian say that if you are killed by a taxicab in New York, it is listed as "death due to natural causes". @ PRAISES EXHIBIT _TO THE EDITOR:_    Sir- Every resident of this city should visit the Newark Museum and see the exhibit "Our Changing Skyline in Newark". It will be at the museum until March 30.    It is a revelation of what has been done, what is being done and what will be done in Newark as shown by architects' plans, models and picFOR A NEUTRAL GERMANY @ _SOVIETS SAID TO FEAR RESURGENCE OF GERMAN MILITARISM_    @ _TO THE EDITOR OF THE NEW YORK TIMES:_    For the first time in history the entire world is dominated by two large, powerful nations armed with murderous nuclear weapons that make conventional warfare of the past a nullity. The United States and Soviet Russia have enough nuclear weapons to destroy all nations. Recent statements by well-known scientists regarding the destructive power of the newest nuclear bombs and the deadly fall-outs should be sufficient to still the voices of those who advocate nuclear warfare instead of negotiations.    President Kennedy was right when he said, "We shall never negotiate out of fear and we never shall fear to negotiate". I have just returned from a seven-week trip to Europe and the Far East. It is quite evident that the people of Western Europe are overwhelmingly opposed to participation in a nuclear war. The fact is that the Italians, French and British know that they have no defense against nuclear bombs. We have no right to criticize them, as they realize they would be sitting ducks in a nuclear war.    We should stand firmly and courageously for our right to free access into Berlin. It would be criminal folly if the Communists tried to prevent us. But there is nothing we can do to stop Soviet Russia from granting de facto recognition to East Germany. Soviet Russia has been invaded twice by German troops in a generation. In the last war Russia lost more than ten million killed and its lands and factories were devastated. _PROBABLE AGREEMENT_    The truth is that Communist Russia fears the resurgence of German militarism. Berlin is merely being used by Moscow as a stalking horse. Actually, the Communists, out of fear of a united and armed Germany, would probably be willing to agree to a disarmed Germany that would be united and neutral and have its independence guaranteed by the U& N&.    If the Communists are sincere in wanting a united, neutral and disarmed Germany, it might well be advantageous for the German people in this nuclear age. It could provide security without cost of armaments and increase German prosperity and lessen taxation. France and other Western European nations likewise fear a rearmed Germany. If the German people favor such a settlement we should not oppose Germany following the example of Austria.    President Kennedy has urged a peace race on disarmament that might be called "Operation Survival" which has many facets. Why not make a beginning with a united and disarmed Germany whose neutrality and immunity from nuclear bombing would be guaranteed by the Big Four powers and the United States? A united Germany, freed of militarism, might be the first step toward disarmament and peace in a terrorized and tortured world. @ MEETING U& N& OBLIGATIONS _TO THE EDITOR OF THE NEW YORK TIMES:_    In your editorial of Sept& 30 "The Smoldering Congo" you make the following comment: "Far too many states are following the Russian example in refusing to pay their assessments. It is up to the Assembly to take action against them. They are violating their Charter obligation, the prescribed penalty for which is suspension of membership or expulsion".    I would like to quote from the Charter of the United Nations:    "Article 17, Section 1: The General Assembly shall consider and approve the budget of the Organization.    "Section 2: The expenses of the Organization shall be borne by the Members as apportioned by the General Assembly.    "Article 19: A Member of the United Nations which is in arrears in the payment of its financial contributions to the Organization shall have no vote in the General Assembly if the amount of its arrears equals or exceeds the amount of the contributions due from it for the preceding two full years".    The U& S& S& R& and her followers are careful in paying their obligations to the regular budget. But they refuse, as do the Arab states, to support the United Nations' expenses of maintaining the United Nations Emergency Force in the Middle East as a buffer between Egypt and Israel, and the U& N& troops in the Congo, which expenses are not covered by the regular budget of the United Nations, but by a special budget.    According to the official interpretation of the Charter, a member cannot be penalized by not having the right to vote in the General Assembly for nonpayment of financial obligations to the "special" United Nations' budgets, and of course cannot be expelled from the Organization (which you suggested in your editorial), due to the fact that there is no provision in the Charter for expulsion. @ TO AID INTERNATIONAL LAW @ _CONNALLY AMENDMENT'S REPEAL HELD STEP TOWARD WORLD ORDER_    @ _TO THE EDITOR OF THE NEW YORK TIMES:_    In your Sept& 27 editorial appraisal of the work of the First Session of the Eighty-seventh Congress you referred to the lack of "consciousness of destiny in a time of acute national and world peril". Yet your list of things left undone did not include repeal of the Connally amendment to this country's domestic jurisdiction reservation to its Adherence to the Statute of the International Court of Justice.    The Connally amendment says that the United States, rather than the court, shall determine whether a matter is essentially within the domestic jurisdiction of the United States in a case before the World Court to which the United States is a party. If the case is thus determined by us to be domestic, the court has no jurisdiction.    Since the Connally amendment has the effect of giving the same right to the other party to a dispute with the United States, it also prevents us from using the court effectively. Yet although the Kennedy Administration, and the Eisenhower Administration before it, have both declared themselves solidly for repeal of the Connally amendment, as contrary to our best interests, no action has yet been taken.    Our "destiny" in these perilous times should be tGHOST TOWN? _TO THE EDITOR OF THE INQUIRER:_    I just wish to congratulate Inspector Trimmer and his efficient police troops in cleaning the city of those horrible automobiles. We have now a quiet city, fewer automobiles, less congestion, and fewer retail customers shopping in center city. Good for Mr& Trimmer. Maybe he will help to turn our fair city into a "ghost" town. @ DEFENDS BIG TRUCKS _TO THE EDITOR OF THE INQUIRER:_    I worked on the Schuylkill Expressway and if it had not been for the big trucks carrying rock and concrete there wouldn't be an Expressway. Without these massive trucks highways would still be just an idea of the future.    Mr& George Hough (Oct& 30) sounds like a business man who waits until the last minute to leave his home or shop. The trucks today help pay for this highway. They try to keep within the speed limits. Although today's trucks are as fast as passenger cars, a truck driver has to be a sensible person and guard against hogging the road. @ OUT OF SCHOOL AT 14 _TO THE EDITOR OF THE INQUIRER:_    The letter writer who suggested saving money by taking kids out of school at 14 should have signed his letter "Simpleton" instead of "Simplicitude". Such kids only wind up among the unemployed on relief or in jail where they become a much bigger burden. There are lots of jobs available for trained high school graduates, but not for the dropouts. What we need is more vocational training in high schools, not more dropouts. @ TWO WRONGS _TO THE EDITOR OF THE INQUIRER:_    I suppose I am missing some elementary point but I honestly cannot see how two wrongs can make a right! I am referring to this country conducting atmosphere tests of nuclear bombs just because Russia is. Will our bombs be cleaner or will their fallout be less harmful to future generations of children? If an atom bomb in 1945 could destroy an entire city surely the atomic arsenal we now have is more than adequate to fulfill any military objective required of it.    As I see it, if war starts and we survive the initial attack enough to be able to fight back, the nuclear weapons we now have- at least the bombs- can inflict all the demage that is necessary. Why do we need bigger and better bombs? I repeat, two wrongs do not make a right. @ 'WE TREMBLE NOT' _TO THE EDITOR OF THE INQUIRER:_    Everyone should take time to read Martin Luther's Hymn "A Mighty Fortress Is Our God".    Especially the first half of the third verse. OUT OF THE RACE _TO THE EDITOR OF THE INQUIRER:_    To our everlasting shame, we led the world in this nuclear arms race sixteen years ago when we dropped the first bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki.    Having led the world in this mad race I pray that we may have the wisdom and courage to lead it out of the race.    Are we to be the master of the atom, or will the atom be our master- and destroy us! @ WHY TRUST JAGAN? _TO THE EDITOR OF THE INQUIRER:_    Just because Cheddi Jagan, new boss of British Guiana, was educated in the United States is no reason to think he isn't a Red. We have quite a few home-grown specimens of our own. If we go all gooey over this newest Castro (until he proves he isn't) we've got rocks in our heads. How many times must we get burned before we learn? @ RUSSIA AND U&N& _TO THE EDITOR OF THE INQUIRER:_    Just to remind the Communists that the bombs dropped on Japan were to end a war not start one. The war could have continued many years with many thousands killed on both sides. Intelligent people will admit that bombs and rockets of destruction are frightening whether they fall on Japan, London or Pearl Harbor. That is why the United Nations was formed so that intelligent men with good intentions from all countries could meet and solve problems without resorting to war.    Russia has showed its intentions by exploding bombs in peace time to try to frighten the world. Why aren't the Soviets expelled from the U&N&? @ BELATED TRIBUTE _TO THE EDITOR OF THE INQUIRER:_    While "better late than never" may have certain merits, the posthumous award of the Nobel Prize for Peace to the late Dag Hammarskjold strikes me as less than a satisfactory expression of appreciation. Had it been bestowed while the Secretary General of the United Nations was living, unquestionably he would have been greatly encouraged in pursuing a difficult and, in many ways, thankless task.    According to one report, however, Mr& Hammarskjold was considered "too controversial" a figure to warrant bestowal of the coveted honor last spring. Actually, of course, that label "controversial" applied only because he was carrying out the mandate given him by the world organization he headed rather than following the dictates of the Soviet Union.    At Khrushchev's door, therefore, can be placed the primary blame but also at fault are those who permitted themselves to be intimidated. It is well for us to remember that a wreath on a coffin never can atone for flowers withheld while they still can be enjoyed. As has happened so often in the past, the ability to recognize true greatness has been inadequate and tardy. @ 'PEOPLE TO PEOPLE' _TO THE EDITOR OF THE INQUIRER:_    Just a brief note of appreciation to Vice President Johnson and Pakistani camel driver Bashir Ahmad for providing a first-class example of "people to people" good will. If only this could be done more often- with such heartening results- many of the earth's "big problems" would shrink to the insignificances they really are.    P& S&. Thanks for your good coverage of Ahmad's visit, too! @ EXPRESSWAY ANSWER: EAST RIVER DRIVE _TO THE EDITOR OF THE INQUIRER:_    Your continuing editorials concerning the Schuylkill Expressway are valuable; however, several pertinent considerations deserve recognition.    One of the problems associated with the expressway stems from the basic idea. We shuffle a large percentage of the cars across the river twice. They start on tESCALATION UNTO DEATH The nuclear war is already being fought, except that the bombs are not being dropped on enemy targets- not yet. It is being fought, moreover, in fairly close correspondence with the predictions of the soothsayers of the think factories. They predicted escalation, and escalation is what we are getting. The biggest nuclear device the United States has exploded measured some 15 megatons, although our ~B-52s are said to be carrying two 20-megaton bombs apiece. Some time ago, however, Mr& Khrushchev decided that when bigger bombs were made, the Soviet Union would make them. He seems to have at least a few 30- and 50-megaton bombs on hand, since we cannot assume that he has exploded his entire stock. And now, of course, the hue and cry for counter-escalation is being raised on our side. Khrushchev threatens us with a 100-megaton bomb? So be it- then we must embark on a crash program for 200-megaton bombs of the common or hydrogen variety, and neutron bombs, which do not exist but are said to be the coming thing. So escalation proceeds, ad infinitum or, more accurately, until the contestants begin dropping them on each other instead of on their respective proving grounds.    What is needed, Philip Morrison writes in The Cornell Daily Sun (October 26) is a discontinuity. The escalation must end sometime, and probably quite soon. "Only a discontinuity can end it", Professor Morrison writes. "The discontinuity can either be that of war to destruction, or that of diplomatic policy".    Morrison points out that since our country is more urbanized than the Soviet Union or Red China, it is the most vulnerable of the great powers- Europe of course must be written off out of hand. He feels, therefore, that to seek a discontinuity in the arms policy of the United States is the least risky path our government can take. His proposal is opposed to that of Richard Nixon, Governor Rockefeller, past chairmen Strauss and McCone of the Atomic Energy Commission, Dr& Edward Teller and those others now enjoying their hour of triumph in the exacerbation of the cold war. These gentlemen are calling for a resumption of testing- in the atmosphere- on the greatest possible scale, all in the name of national security. Escalation is their first love and their last; they will be faithful unto death.    Capable as their minds may be in some directions, these guardians of the nation's security are incapable of learning, or even of observing. If this capacity had not failed them, they would see that their enemy has made a disastrous miscalculation. He has gained only one thing- he has exploded a 50-megaton bomb and he probably has rockets with sufficient thrust to lob it over the shorter intercontinental ranges. But if his purpose was to inspire terror, his action could hardly have miscarried more obviously. Not terror, but anger and resentment have been the general reaction outside the Soviet sphere.    Khrushchev himself is reported to be concerned by the surge of animosity he has aroused, yet our own nuclear statesmen seem intent on following compulsively in his footsteps. When one powerful nation strives to emulate the success of another, it is only natural. Thus, when the Russians sent up their first sputnik, American chagrin was human enough, and American determination to put American satellites into orbit was perfectly understandable. But to imitate an opponent when he has made the mistake of his life would be a new high in statesmanlike folly. THE TIDE TURNS When East Germans fled to the West by the thousands, paeans of joy rose from the throats of Western publicists. They are less vocal now, when it is the West Berliners who are migrating. The flood is not as great- only 700 a week according to one apparently conservative account- but it is symptomatic. West Berlin morale is low and, in age distribution, the situation is unfavorable. Nearly 18 per cent of West Berlin's 2,200,000 residents are sixty-five or older, only 12.8 per cent are under fifteen.    R& H& S& Crossman, M&P&, writing in The Manchester Guardian, states that departures from West Berlin are now running at the rate not of 700, but of 1,700 a week, and applications to leave have risen to 1,900 a week. The official statistics show that 60 per cent are employed workers or independent professional people. Whole families are moving and removal firms are booked for months ahead. The weekly loss is partly counterbalanced by 500 arrivals each week from West Germany, but the hard truth, says Crossman, is that "The closing off of East Berlin without interference from the West and with the use only of East German, as distinct from Russian, troops was a major Communist victory, which dealt West Berlin a deadly, possibly a fatal, blow. The gallant half-city is dying on its feet".    Another piece of evidence appears in a dispatch from Bonn in the Observer (London). Mark Arnold-Foster writes: "People are leaving [West Berlin] because they think it is dying. They are leaving so fast that the president of the West German Employers' Federation issued an appeal this week to factory workers in the West to volunteer for six months' front-line work in factories in West Berlin. Berlin's resilience is amazing, but if it has to hire its labor in the West the struggle will be hard indeed".    The handwriting is on the wall. The only hope for West Berlin lies in a compromise which will bring down the wall and reunite the city. State Department officials refusing to show their passes at the boundary, and driving two blocks into East Berlin under military escort, will not avail. Tanks lined up at the border will be no more helpful. The materials for compromise are at hand: The Nation, Walter Lippmann and other sober commentators (see Alan Clark on p& 367) have spelled them out again and again. A compromise will leave both sides without the glow of triumph, but it will save Berlin. Or the city can be a graveyard monument to WAll false gods resemble Moloch, at least in the early phases of their careers, so it would be unreasonable to expect any form of idol-worship to become widespread without the accompaniment of human sacrifice. But there is reason in all things, and in this country the heathenish cult of the motor-car is exceeding all bounds in its demands. The annual butchery of 40,000 American men, women and children to satiate its blood-lust is excessive; a quota of 25,000 a year would be more than sufficient.    No other popular idol is accorded even that much grace. If the railroads, for example, regularly slaughtered 25,000 passengers each year, the high priests of the cult would have cause to tremble for their personal safety, for such a holocaust would excite demands for the hanging of every railroad president in the United States. But by comparison with the railroad, the motor car is a relatively new object of popular worship, so it is too much to hope that it may be brought within the bounds of civilized usage quickly and easily.    Yet it is plainly time to make a start, and to be effective the first move should be highly dramatic, without being fanatical. Here, then, is what Swift would have called a modest proposal by way of a beginning. From next New Year's Day let us keep careful account of each successive fatality on the highways, publicizing it on all media of communication. To avoid suspicion of bigotry, let the hand of vengeance be stayed until the meat-wagon has picked up the twenty-five thousandth corpse; but let the twenty-five thousand and first butchery be the signal for the arrest of the 50 state highway commissioners.    Then let the whole lot be hanged in a public mass execution on July 4, 1963. The scene, of course, should be nine miles northwest of Centralia, Illinois, the geographical center of population according to the census. A special grandstand, protected by awnings from the midsummer sun of Illinois, should be erected for occupancy by honored guests, who should include the ambassadors of all those new African nations as yet not quite convinced that the United States is thoroughly civilized. The band should play the Rogues' March as a processional, switching to "Hail Columbia, Happy Land"! as the trap is sprung.    Independence Day is the appropriate date as a symbolical reminder of the American article of faith that governments are instituted among men to secure to them certain inalienable rights, the first of which is life, and when any government becomes subversive of that end, it is the right of the people to alter or abolish it. The highway system is an agency of government, and when it grinds up 40,000 Americans every year the government is destroying its own taxpayers, which is obviously a silly thing for any government to do.    Hanging the responsible officials would not abolish the government, but would emphasize its accountability for the lives of its individual citizens, which would certainly alter it, and definitely for the better. Moreover, the salubrious effects would not be exclusively political, but at least partially, and perhaps primarily social. It would challenge sharply not the cult of the motor car itself but some of its ancillary beliefs and practices- for instance, the doctrine that the fulfillment of life consists in proceeding from hither to yon, not for any advantage to be gained by arrival but merely to avoid the cardinal sin of stasis, or, as it is generally termed, staying put.    True, the adherents of staying put are now reduced to a minor, even a miniscule sect, and their credo, "Home-keeping hearts are happiest", is as disreputable as Socinianism. Nonetheless, although few in number they are a stubborn crew, as tenacious of life as the Hardshell Baptists, which suggests that there is some kind of vital principle embodied in their faith. Perhaps there is more truth than we are wont to admit in the conviction of that ornament of Tarheelia, Robert Ruark's grandfather, who was persuaded that the great curse of the modern world is "all this gallivantin'".    In any event, the yearly sacrifice of 40,000 victims is a hecatomb too large to be justified by the most ardent faith. Somehow our contemporary Moloch must be induced to see reason. Since appeals to morality, to humanity, and to sanity have had such small effect, perhaps our last recourse is the deterrent example. If we make it established custom that whenever butchery on the highways grows excessive, say beyond 25,000 per annum, then somebody is going to hang, it follows that the more eminent the victim, the more impressive the lesson. To hang 50 Governors might be preferable except that they are not directly related to the highways; so, all things considered, the highway commissioners would seem to be elected. As the new clouds of radioactive fallout spread silently and invisibly around the earth, the Soviet Union stands guilty of a monstrous crime against the human race. But the guilt is shared by the United States, Britain and France, the other members of the atomic club. Until Moscow resumed nuclear testing last September 1, the ~US and ~UK had released more than twice as much radiation into the atmosphere as the Russians, and the fallout from the earlier blasts is still coming down. As it descends, the concentration of radioactivity builds up in the human body; for a dose of radiation is not like a flu virus which causes temporary discomfort and then dies. The effect of radiation is cumulative over the years- and on to succeeding generations. So, while we properly inveigh against the new poisoning, history is not likely to justify the pose of righteousness which some in the West were so quick to assume when Mr& Khrushchev made his cynical and irresponsible threat. Shock, dismay and foreboding for future generations were legitimate reactions; a holier-than-thou sermon was not.    On October 19, after the Soviets had detonated at least 20 nuclear devices, Ambassador Stevenson warned the ~UN General Assembly that this country, in "self protection"RESUMING ATMOSPHERIC TESTS One of the inescapable realities of the Cold War is that is has thrust upon the West a wholly new and historically unique set of moral dilemmas. The first dilemma was the morality of nuclear warfare itself. That dilemma is as much with us as ever. The second great dilemma has been the morality of nuclear testing, a dilemma which has suddenly become acute because of the present series of Soviet tests.    When this second dilemma first became obvious- during the mid to late '50's- the United States appeared to have three choices. It could have unilaterally abandoned further testing on the grounds of the radiation hazard to future generations. It could have continued testing to the full on the grounds that the radiation danger was far less than the danger of Communist world domination. Or it could have chosen to find- by negotiation- some way of stopping the tests without loss to national security. This third choice was in fact made.    With the resumption of Soviet testing and their intransigence at the Geneva talks, however, the hope that this third choice would prove viable has been shaken. Once again, the United States must choose. And once again, the choices are much the same. Only this time around the conditions are different and the choice is far harder.    The first choice, abandoning tests entirely, would not only be unpopular domestically, but would surely be exploited by the Russians. The second choice, full testing, has become even more risky just because the current Soviet tests have already dangerously contaminated the atmosphere. The third choice, negotiation, presupposes, as Russian behavior demonstrates, a great deal of wishful thinking to make it appear reasonable.    We take the position, however, that the third choice still remains the only sane one open to us. It is by no stretch of the imagination a happy choice and the arguments against it as a practical strategy are formidable. Its primary advantage is that it is a moral choice; one which, should it fail, will not have contaminated the conscience. That is the contamination we most fear.  LEAVING ASIDE the choice of unilateral cessation of tests as neither sane nor clearly moral, the question must arise as to why resumption of atmospheric tests on our part would not be a good choice. For that is the one an increasingly large number of prominent Americans are now proposing. In particular, Governor Nelson Rockefeller has expressed as cogently and clearly as anyone the case for a resumption of atmospheric tests.    Speaking recently in Miami, Governor Rockefeller said that "to assure the sufficiency of our own weapons in the face of the recent Soviet tests, we are now clearly compelled to conduct our own nuclear tests". Taking account of the fact that such a move on our part would be unpopular in world opinion, he argued that the responsibility of the United States is "to do, confidently and firmly, not what is popular, but what is right".    What was missing in the Governor's argument, as in so many similar arguments, was a premise which would enable one to make the ethical leap from what might be militarily desirable to what is right. The possibility, as he asserted, that the Russians may get ahead of us or come closer to us because of their tests does not supply the needed ethical premise- unless, of course, we have unwittingly become so brutalized that nuclear superiority is now taken as a moral demand.    Besides the lack of an adequate ethical dimension to the Governor's case, one can ask seriously whether our lead over the Russians in quality and quantity of nuclear weapons is so slight as to make the tests absolutely necessary. Recent statements by the President and Defense Department spokesmen have, to the contrary, assured us that our lead is very great. Unless the Administration and the Defense Department have been deceiving us, the facts do not support the assertion that we are "compelled" to resume atmospheric testing.    It is perfectly conceivable that a resumption of atmospheric tests may, at some point in the future, be necessary and even justifiable. But a resumption does not seem justifiable now. What we need to realize is that the increasingly great contamination of the atmosphere by the Soviet tests has radically increased our own moral obligations. We now have to think not only of our national security but also of the future generations who will suffer from any tests we might undertake. This is an ethical demand which cannot be evaded or glossed over by talking exclusively of weapon superiority or even of the evil of Communism.    Too often in the past Russian tactics have been used to justify like tactics on our part. There ought to be a point beyond which we will not allow ourselves to go regardless of what Russia does. The refusal to resume atmospheric testing would be a good start. ECUMENICAL HOPES When his Holiness Pope John /23, first called for an Ecumenical Council, and at the same time voiced his yearning for Christian unity, the enthusiasm among Catholic and Protestant ecumenicists was immediate. With good reason it appeared that a new day was upon divided Christendom. But as the more concrete plans for the work of the Council gradually became known, there was a rather sharp and abrupt disappointment on all sides. The Council we now know will concern itself directly only with the internal affairs of the Church.    As it has turned out, however, the excessive enthusiasm in the first instance and the loss of hope in the second were both wrong responses. Two things have happened in recent months to bring the Council into perspective: each provides a basis for renewed hope and joy.    First of all, it is now known that Pope John sees the renewal and purification of the Church as an absolutely necessary step toward Christian unity. Far from being irrelevant to the ecumenical task, the Pontiff believes that a revivified Church is required in order that the whole world may see Catholicism in the best possible light. Equally significant, Pope John has said that Catholics themselves bear some responsibility for Christian disunity. A major aim of the Council will be to remove as far as possible whatever in the Church today stands in the way of unity.    Secondly, a whole series of addresses and actions by the Pope and by others show that concern for CEverywhere I went in Formosa I asked the same question. I was searching for an accent of self-delusion or, even, of hypocrisy. I never found it among any of the Chinese with whom I spoke, though granted they were, almost all, members of the official family who, presumably, harbor official thoughts. But I questioned, also, professional soldiers, who would not easily be hypnotized by a septuagenarian's dreamy irredentism. Their answer was: it can be done, and we will do it. And then I put the question as pointedly as I could directly to Chiang Kai-shek: "In America", I said, "practically no one believes that you subjectively intend to re-enter the Mainland. What evidence is there of an objective kind that in fact your government proposes to do just that, and that it can be done"?    He smiled. (He always smiles- at least at visitors, I gather. He smiled also at a British bloke seated next to me, who asked the most asinine questions. I recalled sympathetically the Duke's complaint in Browning's "My Last Duchess". He smiled, and said a word or two to the interpreter, who turned to me, "The President wonders where you are going after you leave Taipei"? That, I smarted, is a royal rebuff if ever there was one.    I answered the routine question about my itinerary, rather coolly. Chiang spoke again, this time at greater length. "The President says", the translator came in, "that the reason he asked you where you were going is because he hoped you would be visiting other areas in Southeast Asia, and that everywhere you went, you would seek the answer to your question. He says that if he were to express to you, once again, his own profound determination to go to the Mainland, and his faith that that return is feasible, he would merely sound redundant. So you yourself must seek these objective data, and come to your own conclusions. Any information we have here in Taiwan is at your disposal".    Fair enough. What are the relevant data? For every person on Taiwan, there are sixty in Mainland China. If the raw population figures are crucially relevant, then it is idle to think of liberation, as idle as to suppose that Poland might liberate Russia. Relative military manpower? Less than 60-1, but at least 6-1. The estimates vary widely on the strength of the Chinese army. Say four million. The armed forces of Taiwan are at a working strength of about 450,000, though a reserve potential twice that high is contemplated. Skill? Training? Morale? It is generally conceded that the Formosan air force is the best by far in Asia, and the army the best trained. The morale is very high.    Even so, it adds up to impossible odds, except that the question arises, On whose side would the Mainland Chinese army fight?    The miserable people of China, the largest cast ever conscripted to enact an ideological passion play, cannot themselves resist overtly. They think, perforce, of physical survival: everything else is secondary. But the army which Mao continues to feed well, where are its sympathies? The psychological strategists in Taiwan stress the great sense of family, cultivated in China over thousands of years. It has not been extirpated by ten years of Communist depersonalization. Every soldier in the army has, somewhere, relatives who are close to starvation. The soldiers themselves cannot stage a successful rebellion, it is assumed: but will their discontent spread to the officer class? The immediate families of the generals and the admirals are well fed: a despot does not economize on his generals. But there are the cousins and aunts and nephews. Their privations are almost beyond endurance. In behalf of what? Leninism-Marxism, as understood by Exegete Mao. To whom will the generals stay loyal? There is little doubt if they had a secret ballot, they would vote for food for their family, in place of ideological purity out on the farm. It is another question whether "they"- or a single general, off in a corner of China, secure for a few (galvanizing?) days at least from instant retaliation- will defy the Party. But the disposition to rebel is most definitely there.  But there must be a catalytic pressure. The military in Taiwan believe that the Communists have made two mistakes, which, together, may prove fatal. The first was the commune program, which will ensure agricultural poverty for years. The family is largely broken up; and where it is not, it is left with no residue, and the social meaning of this is enormous. For it is the family that, in China, has always provided social security for the indigent, the sick, the down-and-out members of the clan. Now the government must do that; but the government is left with no reserve granary, under the agricultural system it has ordained. Thus the government simultaneously undertook the vast burden of social security which had traditionally been privately discharged, and created a national scarcity which has engendered calamitous problems of social security.    The second mistake is Tibet. Tibet has historically served China as a buffer state. A friendly state, sometimes only semi-independent, but never hostile. China never tried to integrate Tibet by extirpating the people's religion and institutions. Red China is trying to do this, and she is not likely ever to succeed. Tibet is too vast, the terrain is too difficult. Tibet may bleed China as Algeria is bleeding France.    These continuing pressures, social, economic and military, are doing much to keep China in a heightening state of tension. The imposition of yet another pressure, a strong one, from the outside, might cause it to snap.  The planners in Taiwan struck me as realistic men. They know that they must depend heavily on factors outside their own control. First and foremost, they depend on the inhuman idiocies of the Communist regime. On these they feel they can rely. Secondly, they depend on America's "moral cooperation" when the crucial moment arrives. They hope that if history vouchsafes tBROADWAY _THE UNORIGINALS_    To write a play, the dramatist once needed an idea plus the imagination, the knowledge of life and the craft to develop it. Nowadays, more and more, all he needs is someone else's book. To get started, he does not scan the world about him; he and his prospective producer just read the bestseller lists. So far this season, Broadway's premieres have included twice as many adaptations and imports as original American stage plays. _BEST FROM ABROAD._    Of straight dramas, there are All the Way Home, which owes much of its poetic power to the James Agee novel, A Death in the Family; The Wall, awkwardly based on the John Hersey novel; Advise and Consent, lively but shallow theater drawn from the mountainously detailed bestseller; Face of a Hero (closed), based on a Pierre Boulle novel. The only original works attempting to reach any stature: Tennessee Williams' disappointing domestic comedy, Period of Adjustment, and Arthur Laurents' clever but empty Invitation to a March. Clearly the most provocative plays are all imported originals- A Taste of Honey, by Britain's young (19 when she wrote it) Shelagh Delaney; Becket, by France's Jean Anouilh; The Hostage (closed), by Ireland's Brendan Behan.    Among the musicals, Camelot came from T& H& White's The Once and Future King, and novels were the sources of the less than momentous Tenderloin and Do Re Mi. Wildcat and The Unsinkable Molly Brown were originals, but pretty bad, leaving top honors again to an import- the jaunty and charmingly French Irma La Douce. The only other works at least technically original were dreary farces- Send Me No Flowers (closed), Under the Yum-Yum Tree, Critic's Choice. In the forthcoming The Conquering Hero and Carnival, Broadway is not even adapting books, but reconverting old movies (Hail the Conquering Hero and Lili). _DRY OF LIFE._    Originals are not necessarily good and adaptations are not necessarily bad. Some memorable plays have been drawn from books, notably Life with Father and Diary of Anne Frank. And particularly in the musical field, adaptations have long been the rule, from Die Fledermaus and The Merry Widow to Oklahoma! and My Fair Lady. As Critic Walter Kerr points out: "Adaptations, so long as they are good, still qualify as creative". And other defenders invariably argue that, after all, Shakespeare and Moliere were adapters too. The difference is that the masters took the bare frame of a plot and filled it with their own world; most modern adapters totally accept the world of a book, squeeze it dry of life, and add only one contribution of their own: stage technique.    The most frequent excuse for the prevalence of unoriginals and tested imports is increasing production expense- producers cannot afford to take chances. But that explanation is only partly true. Off-Broadway, where production is still comparatively cheap, is proving itself only slightly more original. Laudably enough, it is offering classics and off-beat imports, but last week only one U&S& original was on the boards, Robert D& Hock's stunning Civil War work, Borak. The real trouble seems to be the failing imagination of U&S& playwrights. NIGHTCLUBS _THE COOCH TERPERS_    He: "Come with me to the casbah". She: "By subway or cab"?    That exchange was not only possible but commonplace last week in Manhattan, as more and more New Yorkers were discovering 29th Street and Eighth Avenue, where half a dozen small nightclubs with names like Arabian Nights, Grecian Palace and Egyptian Gardens are the American inpost of belly dancing. Several more will open soon. Their burgeoning popularity may be a result of the closing of the 52nd Street burlesque joints, but curiously enough their atmosphere is almost always familial- neighborhood saloons with a bit of epidermis.    The belly boites, with their papier-mache palm trees or hand-painted Ionic columns, heretofore existed mainly on the patronage of Greek and Turkish families. Customers often bring their children; between performances, enthusiastic young men from the audience will take the floor to demonstrate their own amateur graces. Except for the odd uptown sex maniac or an overeager Greek sailor, the people watch in calm absorption. Small, shirt-sleeved orchestras play in 2/4 or 4/4 time, using guitars, violins, and more alien instruments with names that would open Sesame: the oud, grandfather of the lute; the darbuka, a small drum with the treelike shape of a roemer glass; the def, a low-pitched tambourine. The girls sit quietly with the musicians, wearing prim dresses or plain, secretarial shifts, until it is time to go off to a back room and reappear in the spare uniform of the harem. _CONTINUUM OF MANKIND._    If a dancer is good, she suggests purely and superbly the fundamental mechanics of ancestry and progeny- the continuum of mankind. But a great many of what Variety calls the "cooch terpers" are considerably less cosmic than that. Each dancer follows the ancient Oriental pattern- she glides sideways with shoulders motionless while her stomach migrates, and, through breathing and muscle control, she sends ripples across her body to the fingertips and away to the far end of the room. This is done at varying speeds, ranging from the slow and fast Shifte Telli (a musical term meaning double strings) to the fastest, ecstatic Karshilama (meaning greetings or welcome). The New York dancers are highly eclectic, varying the pattern with all kinds of personal improvisations, back bends or floor crawls. But they do not strip. The striptease is crass; the belly dance leaves more to the imagination.    When a dancer does well, she provokes a quiet bombardment of dollar bills- although the Manhattan clubs prohibit the more cosmopolitan practice of slipping the tips into the dancers' costumes. With tips, the girls average between $150 and $200 a week, depending on basic salary. Although they are forbidden to sit with the customers, the dancers are sometimes proffered drinks, and most of them can bolt oThe most surprising thing about the Twenty-second Congress of the Soviet Communist Party is that it was surprising- perhaps quite as much, in its own way, as the Twentieth Congress of 1956, which ended with that famous "secret" report on Stalin. The publication last July of the party's Draft Program- that blueprint for the "transition to communism"- had led the uninitiated to suppose that this Twenty-second Congress would be a sort of apotheosis of the Khrushchev regime, a solemn consecration of ideas which had, in fact, been current over the last three or four years (i&e&, since the defeat of the "anti-party group") in all theoretical party journals. These never ceased to suggest that if, in the eyes of Marx and Lenin "full communism" was still a very distant ideal, the establishment of a Communist society had now, under Khrushchev, become an "immediate and tangible reality". It seems that Khrushchev himself took a very special pride in having made a world-shaking contribution to Marxist doctrine with his Draft Program (a large part of his twelve-hour speech at the recent Congress was, in fact, very largely a rehash of that interminable document). He and other Soviet leaders responsible for the document were proud of having brought forward some new formulas, such as the early replacement of the dictatorship of the proletariat by an "All People's State", and also of having laid down the lines for a much greater "democratization" of the whole hierarchy of Soviets, starting with the Supreme Soviet itself. Their plan for rotation of leaders promised a salutary blow at "bureaucracy" and would enable "the people" to take a more direct and active part in running the country. Also, elections would be more democratic; there might even be two or more candidates for voters to choose from.    No doubt, there was still a lot in the Draft Program- and in Khrushchev's speech- which left many points obscure. Was it the party's intention, for example, to abolish gradually the kolkhoz system and replace it by uniformly wage-earning sovkhozes, i&e&, state farms (which were, moreover, to be progressively "urbanized")? As we know, the Soviet peasant today still very largely thrives on being able to sell the produce grown on his private plot; and it is still very far from certain how valid the party's claim is that in "a growing number of kolkhozes" the peasants are finding it more profitable, to surrender their private plots to the kolkhoz and to let the latter be turned into something increasingly like a state farm. If one follows the reports of the Congress, one finds that there still seems considerable uncertainty in the minds of the leaders themselves about what exactly to do in this matter.    The Draft Program was interesting in other respects, too. It contained, for example, a number of curious admissions about the peasants, who enjoy no sickness benefits, no old-age pensions, no paid holidays; they still benefit far less than the "other" 50 per cent of the nation from that "welfare state" which the Soviet Union so greatly prides itself on being.  Over all these fairly awkward problems Khrushchev was to skate rather lightly; and, though he repeated, over and over again, the spectacular figures of industrial and agricultural production in 1980, the "ordinary" people in Russia are still a little uncertain as to how "communism" is really going to work in practice, especially in respect of food. Would agriculture progress as rapidly as industry? This was something on which K& himself seemed to have some doubts; for he kept on threatening that he would "pull the ears" of those responsible for agricultural production. And, as we know, the Virgin Lands are not producing as much as Khrushchev had hoped.    One cannot but wonder whether these doubts about the success of Khrushchev's agricultural policy have not at least something to do with one of the big surprises provided by this Congress- the obsessive harping on the crimes and misdeeds of the "anti-party group"- Molotov, Malenkov, Kaganovich and others- including the eighty-year-old Marshal Voroshilov. Molotov, in particular, is being charged with all kinds of sins- especially with wanting to cut down free public services, to increase rents and fares; in fact, with having been against all the more popular features of the Khrushchev "welfare state". The trouble with all these doctrinal quarrels is that we hear only one side of the story: what, in the secret councils of the Kremlin, Molotov had really proposed, we just don't know, and he has had no chance to reply.  But one cannot escape the suspicion that all this non-stop harping on the misdeeds of the long liquidated "anti-party" group would be totally unnecessary if there were not, inside the party, some secret but genuine opposition to Khrushchev on vital doctrinal grounds, on the actual methods to be employed in the "transition to communism" and, last but not least, on foreign policy.    The whole problem of "peaceful coexistence and peaceful competition" with the capitalist world is in the very center of this Congress. Mikoyan declared:    "Molotov altogether rejects the line of peaceful coexistence, reducing this concept merely to the state of peace or rather, the absence of war at a given moment, and to a denial of the possibility of averting a world war. His views, in fact, coincide with those of foreign enemies of peaceful coexistence, who look upon it merely as a variant of the "cold war" or of an "armed peace"".    One cannot help wondering whether Molotov and the rest of the "anti-party group" are not being used as China's whipping-boys by Khrushchev and his faithful followers. For something, clearly, has gone very, very seriously wrong in Soviet-Chinese relations, which were never easy, and have now deteriorated.    The effect of Chou En-lai's clash with Khrushchev, together with the everlasting attacks on Molotov + Co&, has shifted the whole attention of the world, including that of the Soviet people, from the "epoch-making" twenty-year program to the present Soviet-Chinese conflict. Not only, as we know, did Chou En-lai publicly treat KhrushchevTENURE AS CRITERION I would like to add one more practical reform to those mentioned by Russell Kirk [Dec& 16]. It has to do with teachers' salaries and tenure.    Next September, after receiving a degree from Yale's Master of Arts in Teaching Program, I will be teaching somewhere- that much is guaranteed by the present shortage of mathematics teachers. I will also be underpaid. The amazing thing is that this too is caused by the dearth of teachers. Teaching is at present a sellers' market; as a result buyers, the public, must be satisfied with second-rate teachers. But this is not the real problem; the rub arises from the fact that teachers are usually paid on the basis of time served rather than quality. Hence all teachers, good and bad, who have been teaching for a given number of years are paid the same salary. I am firmly convinced that considering the average quality of teachers in this country, the profession is grossly overpaid.    It follows that teachers as a group cannot expect any marked salary increases; there is a limit to how much the public will pay for shoddy performance. The only hope which good teachers have for being paid their due is to stop dragging the dead weight of poor teachers up the economic ladder with them. The only hope which the public has for getting good teachers is to pay teachers on the basis of merit rather than tenure. Here, as in all sectors of the economy, quality and justice are both dependent on the right of the individual to deal directly with his employer if he so chooses. @ LOSS OF INITIATIVE On the eve of the "great debate" on the proposal to give the President broad powers to make across-the-board tariff concessions which could practically bring us into the Atlantic Community, we should face the alternatives on this proposition. What we will be sacrificing in any such arrangement will be our power to be selective which is contained in the reciprocal trade principle under which we now operate. Without this power we lay open any American industry which the Europeans may find it economically profitable to destroy to the will of others. It is this loss of initiative in how we conduct our economy which may lead to the loss of initiative in how we conduct our political affairs. @ A BRIEF FOR THE NEGATIVE I disagree with Mr& Burnham's position on the Common Market [Nov& 18] as a desirable organization for us to join. For him to ignore the political consequences involved in an Atlantic Union of this kind is difficult to understand. The pressure for our entry to the Common Market is mounting and we will proceed towards this amalgamated trade union by way of a purely "economic thoroughfare", or garden path, with the political ramifications kept neatly in the background. The appeal is going to be to the pocketbook and may be very convincing to those who do not see its relation to political and legal, as well as economic, self-rule. In entering this union we will be surrendering most, if not all, of our economic autonomy to international bodies such as the Atlantic Institute (recently set up) or the O&E&C&D&, I&M&F& and others. To think that we can merely relinquish our economic autonomy without giving up our political or legal autonomy is wishful thinking.    If it is not enough that all of our internationalist One Worlders are advocating that we join this market, I refer you to an article in the New York Times' magazine section [Nov& 12, 1961], by Mr& Eric Johnston, entitled "We Must Join the Common Market". He says: "It has swept aside petty nationalisms, age-old rivalries, and worn-out customs". Referring to Britain, he says, "We see a nation that traditionally values sovereignty above all else willing to give up its economy, placing this authority in Continental hands". Since the goal of our international planners is a World Government, this Atlantic Community would mark a giant step in that direction for, once American economic autonomy is absorbed, a larger grouping is a question of time. Frankly, it is being very cleverly done for, in a sense, they have us over a barrel. Listen to what Mr& Johnston has to say: "Consider the savage wounds that isolationism would inflict. We would lose our export markets and deny ourselves the imports we need. We would be crippled by reduced output, industrial decline, widespread unemployment".    But the solution to this dilemma is not the incorporation of the United States into an Atlantic Community or "economic empire", but merely what libertarians like Henry Hazlitt and Ludwig von Mises have been arguing for years: an end to government regulations, an end to government competition in industry, and a realistic depreciation allowance for industry. Create a free market here, give us a sound, debt-free money system, and we'll compete with anyone, Europe and Asia combined. In short, get this governmental monstrosity off our backs and we won't have to worry about European competition or Communism either. If we want to preserve our sovereignty, this is the way to do it; not acquiesce to an international planning board. If we go into this Common Market, we might just as well stop talking about Constitutional guarantees, Connally Amendments or, for that matter, conservatism in general. @    We welcome this able brief for the negative as part of a many-sided discussion of the Atlantic Common Market which ~NR will be continuing in our pages.    -Ed&. MENTAL TELEPATHY? The Peiping Chinese were the only major silver seller in the world markets who stopped selling the metal on Monday morning, November 27, anticipating by two days the announcement of the U&S& Treasury that the pegged offering price will be removed. @ A PROFESSOR AND THE ARMY In 1954 I was drafted and after serving two years honorably on Active Duty I was not required to participate in any further Army Reserve activities. Now, more than five years later, I cannot in any realistic sense be called a trained soldier. But, in spite CONFRONTATION It seems to me that N&C&, in his editorial "Confrontation" [~SR, Mar& 25], has hit upon the real problem that bothers all of us in a complex world: how do we retain our personal relationship with those who suffer? This affects us all intimately, and can leave us hopeless in the face of widespread distress. I know of no other solution than the one N&C& proposes- to do what we can for each sufferer as he confronts us, hoping that this will spread beyond him to others at some time and some place. Never have I seen this expressed so clearly and so sympathetically. @    Thank you for the illustrated editorial "Confrontation". It is both great writing and profound religion. @    N&C& has said something important so well that this preacher will many times be tempted to quote the whole piece. @    I feel that N&C& hit the very core of our existence in the editorial "Confrontation". Personally, it meant a great deal; my only hope is that it will be shared by many, many others. @    "Confrontation" should fortify us all, whether in Southeast Asia or the U&S&. @    Congratulations to N&C& for successfully delving into the heart of the problems that face the Peace Corps. I concur that it is necessary for Americans to have a confrontation of the situation existing in foreign lands. It would be heartbreaking to see idealism, and hence effective leadership, thwarted by the poverty and hardship which young Americans will run into. @    The editorial "Confrontation" was certainly direct in its appear to those of us living here in America. I personally gained strength from it. Thanks for continuing to capture the attention and uncover so many areas of need in this amazing world. @    N&C&'s editorial "Confrontation" is a stunning piece of writing. I would hope that Sargent Shriver will encourage everyone entering the Peace Corps to read it. The important people to humanity are not the Khrushchevs and the Castros- but the Schweitzers and the Dooleys, and the others like them whose names we will never know. @    Editor's note: Reprints of "Confrontation" will be included among the material to be distributed to members of the Peace Corps. A Peace Corps official described the editorial as "precisely the message we need to communicate to the men and women who will soon be Peace Corps volunteers". IMPROPER BOSTONIAN? F& L& Lucas's article in ~SR's April 1 issue seemed to be a very fair and objective analysis of the New English Bible. I certainly hope this will be the impression left in the minds of readers, rather than the comment by Cleveland Amory in his First Of The Month column. It is blind, fundamentalist dogmatism to say, "Messing around with the King James version seems to us a perilous sport at best". @ FACTS IN FOCUS Lester Markel is on the right track in his article "Interpretation of Interpretation" [~SR, Mar& 11]. The current stereotype of straight news reporting was probably invaluable in protecting the press and its readers from pollution by that combination of doctored fact, fancy, and personal opinion called yellow journalism which flourished in this country more than a generation ago.    We don't need this type of protection any more. The public is now armed with sophistication and numerous competing media. Besides, there are no longer enough corruptible journalists about.    The accepted method of writing news has two major liabilities. First, it does not communicate. A reporter restricted to the competing propaganda statements of both sides in a major labor dispute, for instance, is unable to tell his readers half of what he knows about the causes of the dispute. Second, it subjects the news to distortion by the unscrupulous. The charges by the late junior Senator from Wisconsin not only destroyed innocent people but misled the nation. Yet the press was powerless to put these charges in perspective in its news columns. despite several years of front-page stories, the average citizen was unable to get a complete picture of McCarthy until he saw on the television screen what the reporters had been seeing all along but had no effective way of communicating. The Senator had boxed them in with their own restrictions.    It seems to me the time has come for the American press to start experimenting with ways of reporting the news that will do a better job of communicating and will be less subject to abuse by those who have learned how to manipulate the present stereotype to serve their own ends. The objective should be to provide a method of getting into print a higher percentage than is now possible of the relevant information in the possession of reporters and editors. @ SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA BLACKOUT I would like to see you devote some space in an early issue to the news blackout concerning President Kennedy's activities, so far as Southern California is concerned. You have on more than one occasion praised the idea of a televised press conference and the chance it gives the people to form intelligent opinions.    To begin with, the all-powerful Los Angeles Times does not publish a transcript of these press conferences. I am sure that they did when Eisenhower was President.    Next, because of the time differential, the conferences come on the networks during the middle of the day. Up until now, the networks have grudgingly run half-hour tapes at 5 P&M& or sometimes 7 or 10:30 P&M&. Even then, a few of the "less interesting" questions are edited out and glibly summarized by a commentator. However, last night the tapes were not run at all during the evening hours and all we got on ~TV were a few snatches which Douglas Edwards and Huntley and Brinkley could squeeze into their programs. This is no criticism of them, as they obviously cannot get a half-hour program into a fifteen-minute news summary.    The radio stations did run "transcripts" (I thought) during the evening hours. However, by comparing the ~TV snatches, two different radio station re-runs, a   It is not news that Nathan Milstein is a wizard of the violin. Certainly not in Orchestra hall where he has played countless recitals, and where Thursday night he celebrated his 20th season with the Chicago Symphony orchestra, playing the Brahms Concerto with his own slashing, demon-ridden cadenza melting into the high, pale, pure and lovely song with which a violinist unlocks the heart of the music, or forever finds it closed.    There was about that song something incandescent, for this Brahms was Milstein at white heat. Not the noblest performance we have heard him play, or the most spacious, or even the most eloquent. Those would be reserved for the orchestra's great nights when the soloist can surpass himself. This time the orchestra gave him some superb support fired by response to his own high mood. But he had in Walter Hendl a willing conductor able only up to a point.    That is, when Mr& Milstein thrust straight to the core of the music, sparks flying, bow shredding, violin singing, glittering and sometimes spitting, Mr& Hendl could go along. But Mr& Hendl does not go straight to any point. He flounders and lets music sprawl. There was in the Brahms none of the mysterious and marvelous alchemy by which a great conductor can bring soloist, orchestra and music to ultimate fusion. So we had some dazzling and memorable Milstein, but not great Brahms.    The concert opened with another big romantic score, Schumann's Overture to "Manfred", which suffered fate, this time with orchestral thrusts to the Byronic point to keep it afloat. Hindemith's joust with Weber tunes was a considerably more serious misfortune, for it demands transluscent textures, buoyant rhythms, and astringent wit. It got the kind of scrambled, coarsened performance that can happen to best of orchestras when the man with the baton lacks technique and style. BAYREUTH NEXT SUMMER The Bayreuth Festival opens July 23 with a new production of "Tannhaeuser" staged by Wieland Wagner, who is doing all the operas this time, and conducted by Wolfgang Sawallisch. Sawalisch also conducts "The Flying Dutch", opening July 24. "Parsifal" follows July 25, with Hans Knappertsbusch conducting, and he also conducts "Die Meistersinger", to be presented Aug& 8 and 12. The "Ring" cycles are July 26, 27, 28 and 30, and Aug& 21, 22, 23 and 25. Rudolf Kempe conducts. No casts are listed, but Lotte Lehmann sent word that the Negro soprano, Grace Bumbry, will sing Venus in "Tannhaeuser".    Remember how BY a series of booking absurdities Chicago missed seeing the Bolshoi Ballet? Remember how by lack of two big theaters Chicago missed the first visit of the Royal Danish Ballet? Well, now we have two big theaters. But barring a miracle, and don't hold your breath for it, Chicago will not see the Leningrad-Kirov Ballet, which stems from the ballet cradle of the Maryinsky and is one of the great companies of the world.    Before you let loose a howl saying we announced its coming, not once but several times, indeed we did. The engagement was supposed to be all set for the big theater in McCormick Place, which Sol Hurok, ballet booker extraordinary, considers the finest house of its kind in the country- and of course he doesn't weep at the capacity, either. @ It was all set. Allied Arts corporation first listed the Chicago dates as Dec& 4 thru 10. Later the Hurok office made it Dec& 8 thru 17, a nice, long booking for the full repertory. But if you keep a calendar of events, as we do, you noticed a conflict. Allied Arts had booked Marlene Dietrich into McCormick Place Dec& 8 and 9. Something had to give. Not La Dietrich. Allied Arts then notified us that the Kirov would cut short its Los Angeles booking, fly here to open Nov& 28, and close Dec& 2. Shorter booking, but still a booking. We printed it.    A couple of days later a balletomane told me he had telephoned Allied Arts for ticket information and was told "the newspapers had made a mistake". So I started making some calls of my own. These are the results. @ The Kirov Ballet is firmly booked into the Shrine Auditorium, Los Angeles, Nov& 21 thru Dec& 4. Not a chance of opening here Nov& 28- barring that miracle. Then why not the juicy booking Hurok had held for us? Well, Dietrich won't budge from McCormick Place. Then how about the Civic Opera house? Well, Allied Arts has booked Lena Horne there for a week starting Dec& 4.    Queried about the impasse, Allied Arts said: "Better cancel the Kirov for the time being. It's all up in the air again".    So the Kirov will fly back to Russia, minus a Chicago engagement, a serious loss for dance fans- and for the frustrated bookers, cancellation of one of the richest bookings in the country.    Will somebody please reopen the Auditorium?    Paintings and drawings by Marie Moore of St& Thomas, Virgin Islands, are shown thru Nov& 5 at the Meadows gallery, 3211 Ellis av&, week days, 3 p& m& to 8 p& m&, Sundays 3 p& m& to 6 p& m&, closed Mondays. @ @ An exhibition of Evelyn Cibula's paintings will open with a reception Nov& 5 at the Evanston Community center, 828 Davis st&. It will continue all month. @ Abstractions and semi-abstractions by Everett McNear are being exhibited by the University gallery of Notre Dame until Nov& 5.    In the line of operatic trades to cushion the budget, the Dallas Civic Opera will use San Francisco's new Leni Bauer-Ecsy production of "Lucia di Lammermoor" this season, returning the favor next season when San Francisco uses the Dallas "Don Giovanni", designed by Franco Zeffirelli.    H E& Bates has scribbled a farce called "Hark, Hark, the Lark"! It is one of the most entertaining and irresponsible novels of the season.    If there is a moral lurking among the shenanigans, it is hard to find. Perhaps the lesson we should take from these pages is that the welfare state in England still allows wild scope for all kinds of rugged eccentrics.    Anyway, a number of them meet here in devastating collisions. One is an imperial London stockbroker called Jerebohm. Another is a wily countryman called Larkin, whose blandly boisterous progress has been chronicled, I believe, in earlier volumes of Mr& Bates' comedie humaine.    What's up now? Well, Jerebohm and his wife Pinkie have reached the stage of affluence that st   Television has yet to work out a living arrangement with jazz, which comes to the medium more as an uneasy guest than as a relaxed member of the family.    There seems to be an unfortunate assumption that an hour of Chicago-style jazz in prime evening time, for example, could not be justified without the trimmings of a portentous documentary. At least this seemed to be the working hypothesis for "Chicago and All That Jazz", presented on ~NBC-~TV Nov& 26.    The program came out of the ~NBC Special Projects department, and was slotted in the Du Pont Show of the Week series. Perhaps Special Projects necessarily thinks along documentary lines. If so, it might be worth while to assign a future jazz show to a different department- one with enough confidence in the musical material to cut down on the number of performers and give them a little room to display their talents.    As a matter of fact, this latter approach has already been tried, and with pleasing results. A few years ago a "Timex All-Star zz Show" offered a broad range  of styles, ranging from Lionel Hampton's big band to the free-wheeling Dukes of Dixieland. An enthusiastic audience confirmed the "live" character of the hour, and provided the interaction between musician and hearer which almost always seems to improve the quality of performance.    About that same time John Crosby's ~TV series on the popular arts proved again that giving jazz ample breathing space is one of the most sensible things a producer can do. In an hour remembered for its almost rudderless movement, a score of jazz luminaries went before the cameras for lengthy periods. The program had been arranged to permit the establishment of a mood of intense concentration on the music. Cameras stared at soloists' faces in extreme closeups, then considerately pulled back for full views of ensemble work.    "Chicago and All That Jazz" could not be faulted on the choice of artists. Some of the in-person performers were Jack Teagarden, Gene Krupa, Bud Freeman, Pee Wee Russell, Johnny St& Cyr, Joe Sullivan, Red Allen, Lil Armstrong, Blossom Seeley. The jazz buff could hardly ask for more.    Furthermore, Garry Moore makes an ideal master of ceremonies. (He played host at the Timex show already mentioned.)    One of the script's big problems was how to blend pictures and music of the past with live performances by musicians of today. ~NBC had gathered a lot of historical material which it was eager to share. For example, there was sheet music with the word "jazz" in the title, to illustrate how a word of uncertain origin took hold. Samples soomed into closeup range in regular succession, like telephone poles passing on the highway, while representative music reinforced the mood of the late teens and 1920's.    However well chosen and cleverly arranged, such memorabilia unfortunately amounted to more of an interruption than an auxiliary to the evening's main business, which (considering the talent at hand) should probably have been the gathering of fresh samples of the Chicago style.    Another source of ~NBC pride was its rare film clip of Bix Beiderbecke, but this view of the great trumpeter flew by so fast that a prolonged wink would have blotted out the entire glimpse. Similarly, in presenting still photographs of early jazz groups, the program allowed no time for a close perusal.    "Chicago and All That Jazz" may have wound up satisfying neither the confirmed fan nor the inquisitive newcomer. By trying to be both a serious survey of a bygone era and a showcase for today's artists, the program turned out to be a not-quite-perfect example of either. Still, the network's willingness to experiment in this musical field is to be commended, and future essays happily anticipated.    Even Joan Sutherland may not have anticipated the tremendous reception she received from the Metropolitan Opera audience attending her debut as Lucia in Donizetti's "Lucia di Lammermoor" Sunday night.    The crowd staged its own mad scene in salvos of cheers and applause and finally a standing ovation as Miss Sutherland took curtain call after curtain call following a fantastic "Mad Scene" created on her own and with the help of the composer and the other performers.    Her entrance in Scene 2, Act 1, brought some disconcerting applause even before she had sung a note. Thereafter the audience waxed applause-happy, but discriminating operagoers reserved judgment as her singing showed signs of strain, her musicianship some questionable procedure and her acting uncomfortable stylization. As she gained composure during the second act, her technical resourcefulness emerged stronger, though she had already revealed a trill almost unprecedented in years of performances of "Lucia". She topped the sextet brilliantly.    Each high note had the crowd in ecstasy so that it stopped the show midway in the "Mad Scene", but the real reason was a realization of the extraordinary performance unfolding at the moment. Miss Sutherland appeared almost as another person in this scene: A much more girlish Lucia, a sensational coloratura who ran across stage while singing, and an actress immersed in her role. What followed the outburst brought almost breathless silence as Miss Sutherland revealed her mastery of a voice probably unique among sopranos today.    This big, flexible voice with uncommon range has been superbly disciplined. Nervousness at the start must have caused the blemishes of her first scene, or she may warm up slowly. In the fullness of her vocal splendor, however, she could sing the famous scene magnificently.    Technically it was fascinating, aurally spell-binding, and dramatically quite realistic. Many years have passed since a Metropolitan audience heard anything comparable. Her debut over, perhaps the earlier scenes will emerge equally fine.    The performance also marked the debut of a most promising young conductor, Silvio Varviso. He injected more vitality into the score than it has revealed in many years. He may respect too much the Italian tradition of letting singers hold on to their notes, but to restrain them in a singers' opera may be quite difficult.    Richard Tucker sang Edgardo in glorious voice. His bel canto style gave the performance a special disti   Francois D'Albert, Hungarian-born violinist who made his New York debut three years ago, played a return engagement last night in Judson Hall. He is now president of the Chicago Conservatory College. His pianist was Donald Jenni, a faculty member at DePaul University.    The acoustics of the small hall had been misgauged by the artists, so that for the first half of the program, when the piano was partially open, Mr& Jenni's playing was too loud. In vying with him, Mr& D'Albert also seemed to be overdriving his tone.    This was not an overriding drawback to enjoyment of the performances, however, except in the case of the opening work, Mozart's Sonata in ~A (K& 526), which clattered along noisily in an unrelieved fashion.    Brahm's Sonata in ~A, although also vigorous, stood up well under the two artists' strong, large-scale treatment. Mr& D'Albert has a firm, attractive tone, which eschews an overly sweet vibrato. He made the most of the long Brahmsian phrases, and by the directness and drive of his playing gave the work a handsome performance.    A Sonata for Violin and Piano, called "Bella Bella", by Robert Fleming, was given its first United States performance. The title refers to the nickname given his wife by the composer, who is also a member of the National Film Board of Canada. The work's two movements, one melodically sentimental, the other brightly capricious, are clever enough in a Ravel-like style, but they rehash a wornout idiom. They might well indicate conjugal felicity, but in musical terms that smack of Hollywood.    Works by Dohnanyi, Hubay, Mr& D'Albert himself and Paganini, indicated that the violinist had some virtuoso fireworks up his sleeve as well as a reserved attitude toward a lyric phrase. Standard items by Sarasate and Saint-Saens completed the program. @    In recent years Anna Xydis has played with the New York Philharmonic and at Lewisohn Stadium, but her program last night at Town Hall was the Greek-born pianist's first New York recital since 1948.    Miss Xydis has a natural affinity for the keyboard, and in the twenty years since her debut here she has gained the authority and inner assurance that lead to audience control. And the tone she commands is always beautiful in sound.    Since she also has considerable technical virtuosity and a feeling for music in the romantic tradition, Miss Xydis gave her listeners a good deal of pleasure. She played with style and a touch of the grand manner, and every piece she performed was especially effective in its closing measures.    The second half of her program was devoted to Russian composers of this century. It was in them that Miss Xydis was at her best. The Rachmaninoff Prelude No& 12, Op& 32, for instance, gave her an opportunity to exploit one of her special facilities- the ability to produce fine deep-sounding bass tones while contrasting them simultaneously with fine silver filagree in the treble.    The four Kabalevsky Preludes were also assured, rich in color and songful. And the Prokofieff Seventh Sonata had the combination of romanticism and modern bravura that Prokofieff needs.    Miss Xydis' earlier selections were Mendelssohn's Variations Serieuses, in which each variation was nicely set off from the others; Haydn's Sonata in ~E minor, which was unfailingly pleasant in sound, and Chopin's Sonata in ~B flat minor. A memory lapse in the last somewhat marred the pianist's performance. So what was the deepest music on her program had the poorest showing. Miss Xydis was best when she did not need to be too probing.    All the generals who held important commands in World War /2, did not write books. It only seems as if they did. And the best books by generals were not necessarily the first ones written. One of the very best is only now published in this country, five years after its first publication in England. It is "Defeat Into Victory", by Field Marshal Viscount Slim.    A long book heavily weighted with military technicalities, in this edition it is neither so long nor so technical as it was originally. Field Marshal Slim has abridged it for the benefit of "those who, finding not so great an attraction in accounts of military moves and counter-moves, are more interested in men and their reactions to stress, hardship and danger". The man whose reactions and conclusions get the most space is, of course, the Field Marshal himself.    William Joseph Slim, First Viscount Slim, former Governor General of Australia, was the principal British commander in the field during the Burma War. He had been a corps commander during the disastrous defeat and retreat of 1942 when the ill-prepared, ill-equipped British forces "were outmaneuvered, outfought and outgeneraled". He returned in command of an international army of Gurkhas, Indians, Africans, Chinese and British. And in a series of bitterly fought battles in the jungles and hills and along the great rivers of Burma he waged one of the most brilliant campaigns of the war. "The Forgotten War" his soldiers called the Burma fighting because the war in Africa and Europe enjoyed priorities in equipment and in headlines.    Parts of "Defeat Into Victory" are a tangle of Burmese place names and military units, but a little application makes everything clear enough. On the whole this is an interesting and exceptionally well-written book. Field Marshal Slim is striking in description, amusing in many anecdotes. He has a pleasant sense of humor and is modest enough to admit mistakes and even "a cardinal error". He praises many individuals generously. He himself seems to be tough, tireless, able and intelligent, more intellectual and self-critical than most soldiers. REMAKING AN ARMY TO WIN "Defeat Into Victory" is a dramatic and lively military narrative. But it is most interesting in its account of the unending problems of high command, of decisions and their reasons, of the myriad matters that demand attention in addition to battle action.    Before he could return to Burma, Field Marshal Slim had to rally the defeated remnants of a discouraged army and unite them with fresh recruits. His remarks about training, discipline, morale, leadership and command are enlightening. He believed in making inspiring speeches and he   The Theatre-By-The-Sea, Matunuck, presents "King of Hearts" by Jean Kerr and Eleanor Brooke. Directed by Michael Murray; settings by William David Roberts. The cast: @    Producer John Holmes has chosen a delightful comedy for his season's opener at Matunuck in Jean Kerr's "King of Hearts".    The dialogue is sharp, witty and candid- typical "don't eat the daisies" material- which has stamped the author throughout her books and plays, and it was obvious that the Theatre-by-the-Sea audience liked it.    The story is of a famous strip cartoonist, an arty individual, whose specialty is the American boy and who adopts a 10-year-old to provide him with fresh idea material.    This is when his troubles begin, not to mention a fiedgling artist who he hires, and who turns out to have ideas of his own, with particular respect to the hero's sweetheart-secretary.    John Heffernan, playing Larry Larkin, the cartoonist, carries the show in marvelous fashion. His portrayal of an edgy head-in-the-clouds artist is virtually flawless.    This may be unfortunate, perhaps, from the standpoint of David Hedison, Providence's contribution to Hollywood, who is appearing by special arrangement with 20th Century-Fox. Not that Mr& Hedison does not make the most of his role. He does, and more. But the book is written around a somewhat dizzy cartoonist, and it has to be that way.    A word should be said for Gary Morgan, a Broadway youngsters who, as the adopted son, makes life miserable for nearly everybody and Larkin in particular. And for his playmate, Francis Coletta of West Warwick, who has a bit part, Billy.    On the whole, audiences will like this performance. It is a tremendous book, lively, constantly moving, and the Matunuck cast does well by it.    The Newport Playhouse presents "Epitaph For George Dillon" by John Osborne and Anthony Creighton, directed by Wallace Gray.    The cast: @    The angriest young man in Newport last night was at the Playhouse, where "Epitaph for George Dillon" opened as the jazz festival closed.    For the hero of this work by John Osborne and Anthony Creighton is a chap embittered by more than the lack of beer during a jam session. He's mad at a world he did not make.    Furthermore, he's something of a scoundrel, an artist whose mind and feelings are all finger-tips. This is in contrast to the family with whom he boards. They not only think and feel cliches but live cliches as well.    It is into this household, one eroded by irritations that have tortured the souls out of its people, that George Dillon enters at the beginning of the play.    An unsuccessful playwright and actor, he has faith only in himself and in a talent he is not sure exists. By the end of the third act, the artist is dead but the body lingers on, a shell among other shells.    Not altogether a successful play, "Epitaph for George Dillon" overcomes through sheer vitality and power what in a lesser work might be crippling. It is awfully talky, for instance, and not all of the talk is terribly impressive. But it strikes sparks on occasion and their light causes all else to be forgotten.    There is a fine second act, as an example, one in which Samuel Groom, as Dillon, has an opportunity to blaze away in one impassioned passage after another. This is an exciting young actor to watch.    Just as exciting but in a more technically proficient way is Laura Stuart, whose complete control of her every movement is lovely to watch. Miss Stuart is as intensely vibrant as one could wish, almost an icy shriek threatening to explode at any moment.    Also fine are Sue Lawless, as a mother more protective and belligerent than a female spider and just as destructive, Harold Cherry, as her scratchy spouse, and Hildy Weissman, as a vegetable in human form.    Wallace Gray has directed a difficult play here, usually well, but with just a bit too much physical movement in the first act for my taste. Still, his finale is put together with taste and a most sensitive projection of that pale sustenance, despair.    The Warwick Musical Theater presents "Where's Charley?" with music and lyrics by Frank Loesser, directed by Christopher Hewett, choreography by Peter Conlow, musical direction by Samuel Matlowsky. The cast: @    Everybody fell in love with Amy again last night at the Warwick Musical Theater, and Shelley Berman was to blame.    One of the finest soft shoe tunes ever invented, "Once in Love with Amy" is also, of course, one of the most tantalizingly persistent of light love lyrics to come out of American musical comedy in our era. So the audience last night was all ears and eyes just after Act /2, got a rousing opening chorus, "Where's Charley?", and Berman sifted out all alone on the stage with the ambling chords and beat of the song just whispering into being.    It is greatly to Berman's credit that he made no attempt to outdo Ray Bolger. He dropped his earlier and delightful hamming, which is about the only way to handle the old war horse called "Charley's Aunt", and let himself go with as an appealing an "Amy" as anybody could ask.    In brief, Berman played himself and not Bolger. The big audience started applauding even before he had finished.    The whole production this week is fresh and lively. The costumes are stunning evocations of the voluminous gowns and picture hats of the Gibson Girl days. The ballet work is on the nose, especially in the opening number by "The New Ashmolean Marching Society and Students' Conservatory Band", along with a fiery and sultry Brazilian fantasia later.    Berman, whose fame has rested in recent years on his skills as a night club monologist, proved himself very much at home in musical comedy.    Sparrow-size Virginia Gibson, with sparkling blue eyes and a cheerful smile, made a suitably perky Amy, while Melisande Congdon, as the real aunt, was positively monumental in the very best Gibson Girl manner.    All told, "Where's Charley?" ought not to be missed. It has a fast pace,   The superb intellectual and spiritual vitality of William James was never more evident than in his letters. Here was a man with an enormous gift for living as well as thinking. To both persons and ideas he brought the same delighted interest, the same open-minded relish for what was unique in each, the same discriminating sensibility and quicksilver intelligence, the same gallantry of judgment.    For this latest addition to the Great Letters Series, under the general editorship of Louis Kronenberger, Miss Hardwick has made a selection which admirably displays the variety of James's genius, not to mention the felicities of his style. And how he could write! His famous criticism of brother Henry's "third style" is surely as subtly, even elegantly, worded an analysis of the latter's intricate air castles as Henry himself could ever have produced. His letter to his daughter on the pains of growing up is surely as trenchant, forthright, and warmly understanding a piece of advice as ever a grown-up penned to a sensitive child, and with just the right tone of unpatronizing good humor. @ Most of all, his letters to his philosophic colleagues show a magnanimity as well as an honesty which help to explain Whitehead's reference to James as "that adorable genius". Miss Hardwick speaks of his "superb gift for intellectual friendship", and it is certainly a joy to see the intellectual life lived so free from either academic aridity or passionate dogmatism.    This is a virtue of which we have great need in a society where there seems to be an increasing lack of communication- or even desire for communication- between differing schools of thought. It holds an equally valuable lesson for a society where the word "intellectual" has become a term of opprobrium to millions of well-meaning people who somehow imagine that it must be destructive of the simpler human virtues.    To his Harvard colleague, Josiah Royce, whose philosophic position differed radically from his own, James could write, "Different as our minds are, yours has nourished mine, as no other social influence ever has, and in converse with you I have always felt that my life was being lived importantly".    Of another colleague, George Santayana, he could write: "The great event in my life recently has been the reading of Santayana's book. Although I absolutely reject the Platonism of it, I have literally squealed with delight at the imperturbable perfection with which the position is laid down on page after page". @ Writing to his colleague George Herbert Palmer- "Glorious old Palmer", as he addresses him- James says that if only the students at Harvard could really understand Royce, Santayana, Palmer, and himself and see that their varying systems are "so many religions, ways of fronting life, and worth fighting for", then Harvard would have a genuine philosophic universe. "The best condition of it would be an open conflict and rivalry of the diverse systems. The world might ring with the struggle, if we devoted ourselves exclusively to belaboring each other".    The "belaboring" is of course jocular, yet James was not lacking in fundamental seriousness- unless we measure him by that ultimate seriousness of the great religious leader or thinker who stakes all on his vision of God. To James this vision never quite came, despite his appreciation of it in others.    But there is a dignity and even a hint of the inspired prophet in his words to one correspondent: "You ask what I am going to 'reply' to Bradley. But why need one reply to everything and everybody? I think that readers generally hate minute polemics and recriminations. All polemic of ours should, I believe, be either very broad statements of contrast, or fine points treated singly, and as far as possible impersonally. As far as the rising generation goes, why not simply express ourselves positively, and trust that the truer view quietly will displace the other. Here again 'God will know his own'".    The collected works of James Thurber, now numbering 25 volumes (including the present exhibit) represent a high standard of literary excellence, as every schoolboy knows. The primitive-eclogue quality of his drawings, akin to that of graffiti scratched on a cave wall, is equally well known. About all that remains to be said is that the present selection, most of which appeared first in The New Yorker, comprises (as usual) a slightly unstrung necklace, held together by little more than a slender thread cunningly inserted in the spine of the book.    The one unifying note, if any, is sounded in the initial article entitled: "How to Get Through the Day". It is repeated at intervals in some rather sadly desperate word-games for insomniacs, the hospitalized, and others forced to rely on inner resources, including (in the ~P's alone) "palindromes", "paraphrases", and "parodies".    "The Tyranny of Trivia" suggests arbitrary alphabetical associations to induce slumber. And new vistas of hairshirt asceticism are opened by scholarly monographs entitled: "Friends, Romans, Countrymen, Lend Me Your Ear-Muffs", "Such a Phrase as Drifts Through Dream", and "The New Vocabularianism". Some of Thurber's curative methods involve strong potions of mixed metaphor, malapropism, and gobbledygook and are recommended for use only in extreme cases. @ A burlesque paean entitled: "Hark the Herald Tribune, Times, and All the Other Angels Sing" brilliantly succeeds in exaggerating even motion-picture ballyhooey. "How the Kooks Crumble" features an amusingly accurate take-off on sneaky announcers who attempt to homogenize radio-~TV commercials, and "The Watchers of the Night" is a veritable waking nightmare.    A semi-serious literary document entitled "The Wings of Henry James" is noteworthy, if only for a keenly trenchant though little-known comment on the master's difficult later period by modest Owen Wister, author of "The Virginian". James, he remarks in a letter to a friend, "is attempting the impossible, namely, to produce upon the reader, as a painting produces upon the gazer, a number of superimposed, simultaneous impressions. He would like to put several sente   George Kennan's account of relations between Russia and the West from the fall of Tsarism to the end of World War 2, is the finest piece of diplomatic history that has appeared in many years. It combines qualities that are seldom found in one work: Scrupulous scholarship, a fund of personal experience, a sense of drama and characterization and a broad grasp of the era's great historical issues.    In short, the book, based largely on lectures delivered at Harvard University, is both reliable and readable; the author possesses an uncommonly fine English style, and he is dealing with subjects of vast importance that are highly topical for our time. If Mr& Kennan is sometimes a little somber in his appraisals, if his analysis of how Western diplomacy met the challenge of an era of great wars and social revolutions is often critical and pessimistic- well, the record itself is not too encouraging.    Mr& Kennan takes careful account of every mitigating circumstance in recalling the historical atmosphere in which mistaken decisions were taken. But he rejects, perhaps a little too sweepingly, the theory that disloyal and pro-Communist influences may have contributed to the policy of appeasing Stalin which persisted until after the end of the war and reached its high point at the Yalta Conference in February, 1945.    After all, Alger Hiss, subsequently convicted of perjury in denying that he gave secret State Department documents to Soviet agents, was at Yalta. And Harry Dexter White, implicated in F&B&I& reports in Communist associations, was one of the architects of the Morgenthau Plan, which had it ever been put into full operation, would have simply handed Germany to Stalin. One item in this unhappy scheme was to have Germany policed exclusively by its continental neighbors, among whom only the Soviet Union possessed real military strength.    It is quite probable, however, that stupidity, inexperience and childish adherence to slogans like "unconditional surrender" had more to do with the unsatisfactory settlements at the end of the war than treason or sympathy with Communism. Mr& Kennan sums up his judgment of what went wrong this way.  DASHED HOPE "You see, first of all and in a sense as the source of all other ills, the unshakeable American commitment to the principle of unconditional surrender: The tendency to view any war in which we might be involved not as a means of achieving limited objectives in the way of changes in a given status quo, but as a struggle to the death between total virtue and total evil, with the result that the war had absolutely to be fought to the complete destruction of the enemy's power, no matter what disadvantages or complications this might involve for the more distant future".    Recognizing that there could have been no effective negotiated peace with Hitler, he points out the shocking failure to give support to the anti-Nazi underground, which very nearly eliminated Hitler in 1944. A veteran diplomat with an extraordinary knowledge of Russian language, history and literature, Kennan recalls how, at the time of Hitler's attack on the Soviet Union in 1941, he penned a private note to a State Department official, expressing the hope that "never would we associate ourselves with Russian purposes in the areas of eastern Europe beyond her own boundaries".    The hope was vain. With justified bitterness the author speaks of "what seems to me to have been an inexcusable body of ignorance about the nature of the Russian Communist movement, about the history of its diplomacy, about what had happened in the purges, and about what had been going on in Poland and the Baltic States". He also speaks of Franklin D& Roosevelt's "puerile" assumption that "if only he (Stalin) could be exposed to the persuasive charm of someone like F&D&R& himself, ideological preconceptions would melt and Russia's co-operation with the West could be easily arranged".    No wonder Khrushchev's first message to President Kennedy was a wistful desire for the return of the "good old days" of Roosevelt.    This fascinating story begins with a sketch, rich in personal detail, of the glancing mutual impact of World War /1, and the two instalments of the Russian Revolution. The first of these involved the replacement of the Tsar by a liberal Provisional Government in March, 1917; the second, the seizure of power by the Bolsheviks (who later called themselves Communists) in November of the same year.    As Kennan shows, the judgment of the Allied governments about what was happening in Russia was warped by the obsession of defeating Germany. They were blind to the evidence that nothing could keep the Russian people fighting. They attributed everything that went wrong in Russia to German influence and intrigue. This, more than any other factor, led to the fiasco of Allied intervention. As the author very justly says:    "Had a world war not been in progress, there would never, under any conceivable stretch of the imagination, have been an Allied intervention in North Russia". The scope and significance of this intervention have been grossly exaggerated by Communist propaganda; here Kennan, operating with precise facts and figures, performs an excellent job of debunking. PLEBIAN DICTATORS Of many passages in the book that exemplify the author's vivid style, the characterizations of the two plebeian dictators whose crimes make those of crowned autocrats pale by comparison may be selected. On Stalin:    "This was a man of incredible criminality, of a criminality effectively without limits; a man apparently foreign to the very experience of love, without mercy or pity; a man in whose entourage none was ever safe; a man whose hand was set against all that could not be useful to him at the moment; a man who was most dangerous of all to those who were his closest collaborators in crime".    And here is Kennan's image of Hitler, Stalin's temporary collaborator in the subjugation and oppression of weaker peoples, and his later enemy:    "Behind that Charlie Chaplin moustache and that truant lock of hair that always covered his forehead, behind the tirades and the sulky silences, the passionate orations and the occasional dull evasive stare, behind the prejudices, the cynicism, the total amorality of behavior, behind even the tendency to great strategic mistakes, there lay a statesman of no mean qu   Some of the New York Philharmonic musicians who live in the suburbs spent yesterday morning digging themselves free from snow. A tiny handful never did make the concert. But, after a fifteen-minute delay, the substantially complete Philharmonic assembled on stage for the afternoon's proceedings. They faced a rather small audience, as quite a few subscribers apparently had decided to forego the pleasures of the afternoon.    It was an excellent concert. Paul Paray, rounding out his current stint with the orchestra, is a solid musician, and the Philharmonic plays for him. Their collaboration in the Beethoven Second Symphony was lucid, intelligent and natural sounding. It was not a heavy, ponderous Beethoven. The music sang nicely, sprinted evenly when necessary, was properly accented and balanced. @    The Franck symphonic poem, "Psyche", is a lush, sweet-sounding affair that was pleasant to encounter once again. Fortunate for the music itself, it is not too frequent a visitor; if it were, its heavily chromatic harmonies would soon become cloying.    Mr& Paray resisted the temptation to over-emphasize the melodic elements of the score. He did not let the strings, for instance, weep, whine or get hysterical. His interpretation was a model of refinement and accuracy.    And in the Prokofieff ~C major Piano Concerto, with Zadel Skolovsky as soloist, he was an admirable partner. Mr& Skolovsky's approach to the concerto was bold, sweeping and tonally percussive. He swept through the music with ease, in a non-sentimental and ultra-efficient manner. @ An impressive technician, Mr& Skolovsky has fine rhythm, to boot. His tone is the weakest part of his equipment; it tends to be hard and colorless. A school of thought has it that those attributes are exactly what this concerto needs. It is, after all, a non-romantic work (even with the big, juicy melody of the second movement); and the composer himself was called the "age of steel pianist". But granted all this, one still would have liked to have heard a little more tonal nuance than Mr& Skolovsky supplied.    Taken as a whole, though, it was a strong performance from both pianist and orchestra. Mr& Skolovsky fully deserved the warm reception he received.    A new work on the program was Nikolai Lopatnikoff's "Festival Overture", receiving its first New York hearing. This was composed last year as a salute to the automobile industry. It is not program music, though. It runs a little more than ten minutes, is workmanlike, busy, methodical and featureless.    "La Gioconda", like it or not, is a singer's opera. And so, of course, it is a fan's opera as well. Snow or no, the fans were present in force at the Metropolitan Opera last night for a performance of the Ponchielli work.    So the plot creaks, the sets are decaying, the costumes are pre-historic, the orchestra was sloppy and not very well connected with what the singers were doing. After all, the opera has juicy music to sing and the goodies are well distributed, with no less than six leading parts.    One of those parts is that of evil, evil Barnaba, the spy. His wicked deeds were carried on by Anselmo Colzani, who was taking the part for the first time with the company.    He has the temperament and the stage presence for a rousing villain and he sang with character and strong tone. What was lacking was a real sense of phrase, the kind of legato singing that would have added a dimension of smoothness to what is, after all, a very oily character.    Regina Resnik as Laura and Cesare Siepi as Alvise also were new to the cast, but only with respect to this season; they have both sung these parts here before. Laura is a good role for Miss Resnik, and she gave it force, dramatic color and passion.    Mr& Siepi was, as always, a consummate actor; with a few telling strokes he characterized Alvise magnificently. Part of this characterization was, of course, accomplished with the vocal chords. His singing was strong and musical; unfortunately his voice was out of focus and often spread in quality.    Eileen Farrell in the title role, Mignon Dunn as La Cieca and Richard Tucker as Enzo were holdovers from earlier performances this season, and all contributed to a vigorous performance. If only they and Fausto Cleva in the pit had got together a bit more. @    "Melodious birds sing madrigals" saith the poet and no better description of the madrigaling of the Deller Consort could be imagined.    Their Vanguard album Madrigal Masterpieces (~BG 609; stereo ~BGS 5031) is a good sample of the special, elegant art of English madrigal singing. It also makes a fine introduction to the international art form with good examples of Italian and English madrigals plus several French "chansons".    The English have managed to hold onto their madrigal tradition better than anyone else. The original impulses came to England late (in the sixteenth century) and continue strong long after everyone else had gone on to the baroque basso continuo, sonatas, operas and the like.    Even after Elizabethan traditions were weakened by the Cromwellian interregnum, the practice of singing together- choruses, catches and glees- always flourished. The English never again developed a strong native music that could obliterate the traces of an earlier great age the way, say, the opera in Italy blotted out the Italian madrigal. EARLY INTEREST Latter-day interest in Elizabethan singing dates well back into the nineteenth century in England, much ahead of similar revivals in other countries. As a result no comparable literature of the period is better known and better studied nor more often performed than the English madrigal.    Naturally, Mr& Deller and the other singers in his troupe are most charming and elegant when they are squarely in their tradition and singing music by their countrymen: William Byrd, Thomas Morley and Thomas Tomkins. There is an almost instrumental quality to their singing, with a tendency to lift out important lines and make them lead the musical texture. Both techniques give the music purity and clarity.    Claude Jannequin's vocal description of a battle (the French equivalents of tarantara, rum-tum-tum, and boom-boom-boom are very picturesque) is lots of fun, and the singers get a sense of grace and shape into other chansons by Jannequin and Lassus. Only with the more sensual, intense and baroque expressions of Marenzio, Monteverdi and Gesualdo does the singing seem a little superficial.       Had a funny experience at Newport yesterday afternoon. Sat there and as a woman sang, she kept getting thinner and thinner, right before my eyes, and the eyes of some 5,500 other people.    I make this observation about the lady, Miss Judy Garland, because she brought up the subject herself in telling a story about a British female reporter who flattered her terribly in London recently and then wrote in the paper the next day:    "Judy Garland has arrived in London. She's not chubby. She's not plump. She's fat".    But who cares, when the lady sings? Certainly not the largest afternoon audience Newport has ever had at a jazz concert and the most attentive and quiet. They applauded every number, not only at its conclusion but also at the first statement of the theme- sometimes at the first chord.    And Judy sang the lovely old familiar things which seemed, at times, a blessed relief from the way-out compositions of the progressive jazzmen who have dominated these proceedings. Things like "When You're Smiling", "Almost Like Being In Love", "Do It Again", "Born to Wander", "Alone Together", "Who Cares?", "Puttin' on the Ritz", "How Long Has This Been Going On?" and her own personal songs like "The Man That Got Away", and the inevitable "Over the Rainbow".    Miss Garland is not only one of the great singers of our time but she is one of the superb showmen. At the start of her program there were evidences of pique. She had held to the letter of her contract and didn't come onto the stage until well after 4 p&m&, the appointed hour, although the Music at Newport people had tried to get the program underway at 3. Then there was a bad delay in getting Mort Lindsey's 30-piece orchestra wedged into its chairs.    Along about 4:30, just when it was getting to be about time to turn the audience over and toast them on the other side, Judy came on singing, in a short-skirted blue dress with a blue and white jacket that flapped in the wind. Her bouffant coiffure was fortunately combed on the left which happened to be the direction from which a brisk breeze was blowing.    In her first song she waved away one encroaching photographer who dared approach the throne unbidden and thereafter the boys with the cameras had to unsheathe their 300 mm& lenses and shoot at extreme range.    There also came a brief contretemps with the sound mixers who made the mistake of being overheard during a quiet moment near the conclusion of "Do It Again", and she made the tart observation that "I never saw so much moving about in an audience".    But it didn't take Judy Garland, showman, long to realize that this sort of thing was par for the course at Newport and that you have to learn to live with it. Before her chore was finished she was rescuing wind-blown sheets of music, trundling microphones about the stage, helping to move the piano and otherwise joining in the informal atmosphere.    And time after time she really belted out her songs. Sometimes they struck me as horribly over-arranged- which was the way I felt about her "Come Rain or Come Shine"- and sometimes they were just plain magnificent, like her shatteringly beautiful "Beautiful Weather".    To her partisan audience, such picayune haggling would have seemed nothing more than a critic striving to hold his franchise; they just sat back on their haunches and cried for more, as though they could never get enough.    They were rewarded with splendid, exciting, singing. Her "Rockabye Your Baby" was as good as it can be done, and her really personal songs, like "The Man That Got Away" were deeply moving.    The audience wouldn't let her leave until it had heard "Over The Rainbow"- although the fellow that kept crying for "Get Happy" had to go home unhappy, about that item anyway. She was generous with her encores and the audience was equally so with its cheers and applause and flowers.    All went home happy except the Newport police, who feared that the throng departing at 6:35 might meet head-on the night crowd drawing nigh, and those deprived of their happy hour at the cocktail bar.    In Newport last night there were flashes of distant lightning in the northern skies. This was perhaps symbolic of the jazz of the evening- flashes in the distance, but no storm.    Several times it came near breaking, and there were in fact some lovely peals of thunder from Jerry Mulligan's big band, which is about as fine an aggregation as has come along in the jazz business since John Hammond found Count Basie working in a Kansas City trap.    Mulligan's band has been infected with his solid sense of swing, and what it does seems far more meaningful than most of the noise generated by the big concert aggregations.    But what is equally impressive is the delicacy and wonderful lyric quality of both the band and Mulligan's baritone sax in a fragile ballad like Bob Brookmeyer's arrangement of "Django's Castle".    For subtle swinging rhythms, I could admire intensely Mulligan's version of "Weep", and the fireworks went on display in "18 Carrots for Robert", a sax tribute to Johnny Hodges.    There was considerable contrast between this Mulligan performance and that of Art Blakey and The Jazz Messengers, who are able to generate a tremendous sound for such a small group. Unfortunately, Blakey doesn't choose to work much of the time in this vein. He prefers to have his soloist performing and thus we get only brief glimpses of what his ensemble work is like.    What we did get, however, was impressive.    A few drops of rain just before midnight, when Sarah Vaughan was in the midst of her first number, scattered the more timid members of the audience briefly, but at this hour and with Sarah on the stand, most of the listeners didn't care whether they got wet.    Miss Vaughan was back in top form, somehow mellowed and improved with the passage of time- like a fine wine. After the spate of female vocalists we have been having, all of whom took Sarah as a point of departur   Murray Louis and his dance company appeared at the Henry Street Playhouse on Friday and Saturday evenings and Sunday afternoons in the premiere of his latest work, "Signal", and the repetition of an earlier one, "Journal".    "Signal" is choreographed for three male dancers to an electronic score by Alwin Nikolais. Its abstract decor is by John Hultberg. Program note reads as follows:    "Take hands, this urgent visage beckons us".    Here, as in "Journal", Mr& Louis has given himself the lion's share of the dancing, and there is no doubt that he is capable of conceiving and executing a wide variety of difficult and arresting physical movements. Indeed, both "Journal" and "Signal" qualify as instructive catalogues of modern-dance calisthenics.    But chains of movements are not necessarily communicative, and it is in the realm of communication that the works prove disappointing. One frequently has the feeling that the order of their movement combinations could be transposed without notable loss of effect, there is too little suggestion of organic relationship and development.    It may be, of course, that Mr& Louis is consciously trying to create works that anticipate an age of total automation. But it may be, also, that he is merely more mindful of athletics than of esthetics at the present time. One thing is certain, however, and that is that he is far more slavish to the detailed accents, phrasings and contours of the music he deals with than a confident dance creator need be. @ 'AN AMERICAN JOURNEY' A brisk, satirical spoof of contemporary American mores entitled "An American Journey" was given its first New York performance at Hunter College Playhouse last night by the Helen Tamiris-Daniel Nagrin Dance Company. Choreographed by Mr& Nagrin, the work filled the second half of a program that also offered the first New York showing of Miss Tamiris' "Once Upon a Time", as well as her "Women's Song" and Mr& Nagrin's "Indeterminate Figure".    Eugene Lester assembled a witty and explicit score for "An American Journey", and Malcolm McCormick gave it sprightly imaginative costumes.    Mr& Nagrin has described four "places", each with its scenery and people, added two "diversions", and concluded with "A Toccata for the Young", a refreshingly underplayed interpretation of rock'n'roll dancing.    The "places" could be anywhere, the idiosyncrasies and foibles observed there could be anybody's, and the laugh is on us all. But we need not mind too much, because Mr& Nagrin has expressed it through movement that is diverting and clever almost all the way.    Miss Tamiris' "Once Upon a Time" is a problem piece about a man and a woman and the three "figures" that bother them somehow.    Unfortunately, the man and woman were not made to appear very interesting at the outset and the menacing figures failed to make them any more so. Nor did the dancing involved really seize the attention at any time. The music here, Russell Smith's "Tetrameron", sounded good.    All the performances of the evening were smooth and assured, and the sizable company, with Mr& Nagrin and Marion Scott as its leading dancers, seemed to be fine shape.    The Symphony of the Air, greatly assisted by Van Cliburn, last night got its seven-concert Beethoven cycle at Carnegie Hall off to a good start. At the same time the orchestra announced that next season it would be giving twenty-five programs at Carnegie, and that it would be taking these concerts to the suburbs, repeating each of them in five different communities.    This news, announced by Jerome Toobin, the orchestra's administrative director, brought applause from the 2,800 persons who filled the hall. They showed they were glad that Carnegie would have a major orchestra playing there so often next season to take up the slack with the departure to Lincoln Center of the New York Philharmonic, the Philadelphia Orchestra and the Boston Symphony.    This season the orchestra has already taken a step toward the suburbs in that it is giving six subscription concerts for the Orchestral Society of Westchester in the County Center in White Plains. The details of the suburban concerts next season, and the centers in which they will be given, will be announced later, Mr& Toobin said. @ The concertos that Van Cliburn has been associated with in New York since his triumphant return from Russia in 1958 have been the Tchaikovsky, the Rachmaninoff Third, and the Prokofieff Third. It was pleasant last night, therefore, to hear him do something else: a concerto he has recently recorded, "The Emperor".    The young Texas pianist can make great chords ring out as well as anyone, so last night the massive sonorities of this challenging concerto were no hazard to him. But they were not what distinguished his performance. The elements that did were the introspective slow movement, the beautiful transition to the third movement, and the passages of filigree that laced through the bigger moments of the opening movement and the final Rondo.    Mr& Cliburn gave the slow movement some of the quality of a Chopin Nocturne. Alfred Wallenstein, the conductor, sensitive accompanist that he is, picked up the idea and led the orchestra here with a sense of broodinf, poetic mystery. The collaboration was remarkable, as it was in both the other movements, too. @ Mr& Wallenstein, who will lead all of the concerts in the cycle, also conducted the "Leonore" Overture No& 3 and the Fourth Symphony. The orchestra was obviously on its mettle and it played most responsively. And although there was plenty of vigor in the performance, the ensemble was at its best when the playing was soft and lyrical, yet full of the suppressed tension that is one of the hallmarks of Beethoven. Igor Oistrakh will be the next soloist on Feb& 4.    There are times when one suspects that the songs that are dropped from musical shows before they reach Broadway may really be better than many of those that are left in. Today, in the era of the integrated musical when an individual song must contribute to the over-all development of RING OF BRIGHT WATER, BY GAVIN MAXWELL. 211 PAGES. DUTTON. $5. Only once in a very long while comes a book that gives the reader a magic sense of sharing a rare experience. "Ring of Bright Water" by Gavin Maxwell is just that- a haunting, warmly personal chronicle of a man, an otter, and a remote cottage in the Scottish West Highlands.    "He has married me with a ring of bright water", begins the Kathleen Raine poem from which Maxwell takes his title, and it is this mystic bond between the human and natural world that the author conveys. The place is Camusfearna, the site of a long-vanished sea-village opposite the isle of Skye. It is a land of long fjords, few people, a single-lane road miles away- and of wild stags, Greylag geese, wild swans, dolphins and porpoises playing in the waters. How Maxwell recounts his first coming to Camusfearna, his furnishing the empty house with beach-drift, the subtle changes in season over ten years, is a moving experience. Just the evocations of time and place, of passionate encounter between man and a natural world which today seems almost lost, would be enough.    But it isn't. There is Mijbil, an otter who travelled with Maxwell- and gave Maxwell's name to a new species- from the Tigris marshes to his London flat. It may sound extravagant to say that there has never been a more engaging animal in all literature. This is not only a compliment to Mijbil, of whom there are a fine series of photographs and drawings in the book, but to the author who has catalogued the saga of a frightened otter cub's journey by plane from Iraq to London, then by train (where he lay curled in the wash basin playing with the water tap) to Camusfearna, with affectionate detail.    Mij, as his owner was soon to learn, had strange, inexplicable habits. He liked to nip ear lobes of unsuspecting visitors with his needle-sharp teeth. He preferred sleeping in bed with his head on a pillow. Systematically he would open and ransack drawers. Given a small ball or marbles, he would invent games and play by himself for hours. With curiosity and elan, he explored every inch of glen, beach and burn, once stranding himself for hours on a ledge high up a sheer seventy-foot cliff and waiting with calm faith to be rescued by Maxwell, who nearly lost his life in doing so.    A year and a day of this idyll is described for the reader, one in which not only discovery of a new world of personality is charted, but self-discovery as well. In the solitude of Camusfearna there had been no loneliness. "To be quite alone where there are no other human beings is sharply exhilarating; it is as though some pressure had suddenly been lifted, allowing an intense awareness &&& a sharpening of the senses".    Now, with the increasing interdependence between himself and Mij came a knowledge of an obscure need, that of being trusted implicitly by some creature. Two other people in time shared Mijbil's love:  "it remained around us three that his orb revolved when he was not away in his own imponderable world of wave and water; we were his Trinity, and he behaved towards us with a mixture of trust and abuse, passion and irritation. In turn each of us in our own way depended, as gods do, upon his worship".    Yet the idyll ended. The brief details of Mijbil's death lend depth to the story, give it an edge of ironic tragedy. Man, to whom Mij gave endless affection and fealty, was responsible in the form of a road worker with a pickaxe who somehow becomes an abstract symbol of the savage in man. But then, through a strange coincidence, Maxwell manages to acquire Idal, a female otter, and the fascinating story starts once more.    One is not sure who emerges as the main personality of this book- Mijbil, with his rollicking ways, or Maxwell himself, poet, portrait painter, writer, journalist, traveller and zoologist, sensitive but never sentimental recorder of an unusual way of life, in a language at once lyrical and forceful, vivid and unabashed. This reviewer read the book when it was first brought out in England with a sense of discovery and excitement. Now Gavin Maxwell's ring of bright water has widened to enchant the world. _NEW YORK_    - The performances of the Comedie Francaise are the most important recent events in the New York theater.    They serve to contradict a popular notion that the Comedie merely repeats, as accurately as possible, the techniques of acting the classics that prevailed in the 17th century. On the contrary, the old plays are continually being reinterpreted, and each new production of a classic has only a brief history at the Comedie.    Of course, the well-received revivals last longer than the others, and that further reminds us that the Comedie is not insensitive to criticism. The directors of the Comedie do not respond to adverse notices in as docile and subservient a manner as the Broadway producers who, in two instances this season, closed their plays after one performance. But they are aware of the world outside, they court public approval, they delight in full houses, and they occasionally dare to experiment in interpreting a dramatic classic.    In France, novel approaches to the classic French plays are frequently attempted. The government pays a subsidy for revival of the classics, and this policy attracts experimenters who sometimes put Moliere's characters in modern dress and often achieve interesting results.    So far as I know, the Comedie has never put Moliere's people in the costumes of the 20th century, but they do reinterpret plays and characters. Last season, the Comedie's two principal experiments came to grief, and, in consequence, we can expect fairly soon to see still newer productions of Racine's "Phedre" and Moliere's "School for Wives".    The new "Phedre" was done in 17th century setting, instead of ancient Greek; perhaps that is the Comedie's equivalent for thrusting this play's characters into our own time. The speaking of the lines seemed excessively slow and stately, possibly in an effort to capture the spirit of 17th century elegance. A few literary men defended what they took    Mischa Elman shared last night's Lewisohn Stadium concert with three American composers.    His portion of the program- and a big portion it was- consisted of half the major nineteenth-century concertos for the violin: to wit, the Mendelssohn and the Tchaikovsky. That is an evening of music-making that would faze many a younger man; Mr& Elman is 70 years old.    There were 8,000 persons at the Stadium who can tell their grandchildren that they heard Elman. But, with all due respects and allowances, it must truthfully be said that what they heard was more syrupy than sweet, more mannered than musical. The occasion was sentimental; so was the playing. @ The American part of the evening consisted of Paul Creston's Dance Overture, William Schuman's "Chester" from "New England Triptych" and two works of Wallingford Riegger, Dance Rhythms, Op& 58, and a Romanza for Strings, Op& 56~A.    The Creston is purely a potboiler, with Spanish, English, French and American dances mixed into the stew. The Riegger, with its Latin hesitation bounce, is just this side of the pale; like his sweet, attractive Romanza, it belongs to what the composer called his "Non-Dissonant (Mostly)" category of works. The Schuman "Chester" takes off from an old William Billings tune with rousing woodwind and brass effect. @ All these- potboilers or no- provided a welcome breath of fresh air in the form of lively, colorful, unstuffy works well suited for the great out-of-doors. It was nice to have something a little up-to-date for a change. We have Alfredo Antonini to thank for this healthy change of diet as well as the lively performances of the Stadium Symphony.    A woman who undergoes artificial insemination against the wishes of her husband is the unlikely heroine of "A Question of Adultery", yesterday's new British import at the Apollo.    Since an objective viewer might well conclude that this is not a situation that would often arise, the film's extensive discussion of the problem seems, at best, superfluous. In its present artless, low-budget form, the subject matter seems designed to invite censorial wrath.    With Julie London enacting the central role with husky-voiced sincerity, the longsuffering heroine is at least attractive. The explanation offered for her conduct is a misguided attempt to save her marriage to a neurotic husband left sterile as a result of an automobile accident.    Anthony Steel, as the husband, is a jealous type who argues against her course and sues for divorce, labeling her action adulterous. The actor plays his role glumly under the lurid direction of Don Chaffey, as do Basil Sydney as his unsympathetic father and Anton Diffring as an innocent bystander.    After a protracted, hysterical trial scene more notable for the frankness of its language than for dramatic credibility, the jury, to no one's surprise, leaves the legal question unresolved. When the husband drops the case and returns to his wife, both seem sorry they brought the matter up in the first place. So was the audience. _LONDON, JULY 4_    - For its final change of bill in its London season, the Leningrad State Kirov Ballet chose tonight to give one of those choreographic miscellanies known as a "gala program" at the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden. No doubt the underlying idea was to show that for all the elegance and artistry that have distinguished its presentations thus far, it too could give a circus if it pleased.    And please it did, in every sense of the word, for it had the audience shouting much of the time in a manner far from typical of London audiences. At the end of the program, indeed, there was a demonstration that lasted for forty-five minutes, and nothing could stop it. Alexandre Livshitz repeated a fantastic technical bit from the closing number, "Taras Bulba", but even then there was a substantial number of diehards who seemed determined not to go home at all. Only a plea from the house manager, John Collins, finally broke up the party. @ But for all the manifest intention to "show off", this was a circus with a difference, for instead of descending in quality to what is known as a popular level, it added further to the evidence that this is a very great dancing company.    The "Taras Bulba" excerpt is a rousing version of Gogol's Ukrainian folk-tale choreographed by Bo Fenster to music of Soloviev-Sedoi. It is danced by some thirty-five men and no women, and it contains everything in the books- lusty comedy, gregarious cavorting, and tricks that only madmen or Russians would attempt to make the human body perform. Yuri Soloviev, Oleg Sokolov, Alexei Zhitkov, Lev Sokolov, Yuri Korneyev and Mr& Livshitz were the chief soloists, but everybody on stage was magnificent. @ At the other extreme in character was the half-hour excerpt from the Petipa-Minkus ballet "Bayaderka", which opened the evening. What a man this Petipa was! And why do we in the West know so few of his ballets? This scene is a "white ballet" in which a lovelorn hero searches for his departed love's spirit among twenty-eight extraordinarily beautiful "shadows" who can all dance like nothing human- which, of course, is altogether fitting. The ensemble enters in a long adagio passage that is of fantastic difficulty, as well as loveliness, and adagio is the general medium of the piece. @ Its ballerina, Olga Moiseyeva, performs simple miracles of beauty, and Ludmilla Alexeyeva, Inna Korneyeva and Gabrielle Komleva make up a threesome of exquisite accomplishments. Sergei Vikulov, as the lone male, meets the competition well with some brilliant hits, but the work is designed to belong to the ladies.    The middle section of the program was made up of short numbers, naturally enough of unequal merit, but all of them pretty good at that. They consisted of a new arrangement of "Nutcracker" excerpts danced stunningly by Irina Kolpakova and Mr& Sokolev, with a large ensemble; a winning little "Snow Maiden" variation by the adorable Galina Kekisheva; two of those poetic adagios in Greek veils (and superb esthetic acrobacy) by Alla Osipenko and Igor Chernishev in one case and Inna Zubkovskaya and Yuri Kornevey in the other; an amusing character pas de cinq called "Gossiping Women"; a stirring "Flames of Paris" pas de deux by Xenia Ter-Stepanova and Alexandre Pavlovsky, and a lovely version of Fokine's "Le Cygne" by Olga Moiseyeva, which had to be repeated.    Vadim Kalentiev was the conductor.    It was quite an evening!    A year ago today, when the Democrats were fretting and frolicking in    Radio is easily outdistancing television in its strides to reach the minority listener. Lower costs and a larger number of stations are the key factors making such specialization possible.    The mushrooming of ~FM outlets, offering concerts (both jazz and classical), lectures, and other special events, is a phenomenon which has had a fair amount of publicity.    Not so well known is the growth of broadcasting operations aimed wholly or partly at Negro listeners- an audience which, in the United States, comprises some 19,000,000 people with $20,000,000,000 to spend each year.    Of course, the nonwhite listener does his share of television watching. He even buys a lot of the products he sees advertised- despite the fact that the copy makes no special bid for his favor and sponsors rarely use any but white models in commercials.    But the growing number of Negro-appeal radio stations, plus evidence of strong listener support of their advertisers, give time salesmen an impressive argument as they approach new prospects. It is estimated that more than 600 stations (of a total of 3,400) do a significant amount of programing for the Negro. At least 60 stations devote all of their time to reaching this audience in about half of the 50 states.    These and other figures and comments have been reported in a special supplement of Sponsor magazine, a trade publication for radio and ~TV advertisers. For 10 years Sponsor has issued an annual survey of the size and characteristics of the Negro market and of successful techniques for reaching this market through radio.    In the past 10 years, Sponsor observes, these trends have become apparent: _@_    Negro population in the U&S& has increased 25 per cent while the white population was growing by 18 per cent. "The forgotten 15 million"- as Sponsor tagged the Negro market in its first survey- has become a better-remembered 19 million. _@_    Advertisers are changing their attitudes, both as to the significance of this market and the ways of speaking to it. _@_    Stations programing to Negro listeners are having to upgrade their shows in order to keep pace with rising educational, economic, and cultural levels. Futhermore, the station which wants real prestige must lead or participate in community improvement projects, not simply serve on the air.    In the last decade the number of Negro-appeal radio program hours has risen at least 15 per cent, and the number of Negro-appeal stations has increased 30 per cent, according to a research man quoted by Sponsor.    A year ago the Negro Radio Association was formed to spur research which the 30-odd member stations are sure will bring in more business.    The 1960 census underscored the explosive character of the population growth. It also brought home proof of something a casual observer might have missed: that more than half of the U&S& Negroes live outside the southeastern states. Also, the state with the largest number of Negroes is New York- not in the South at all.    In New York City, ~WLIB boasts "more community service programs than any other Negro station" and "one of the largest Negro news staffs in America". And ~WWRL's colorful mobile unit, cruising predominately Negro neighborhoods, is a frequent reminder of that station's round-the-clock dedication to nonwhite interests. Recently, ~WWRL won praise for its expose of particular cases of employment agency deceit. A half-dozen other stations in the New York area also bid for attention of the city's Negro population, up about 50 per cent in the past decade.    In all big cities outside the South, and even in small towns within the South, radio stations can be found beaming some or all of their programs at Negro listeners. The Keystone Broadcasting System's Negro network includes 360 affiliated stations, whose signals reach more than half the total U&S& Negro population.    One question which inevitably crops up is whether such stations have a future in a nation where the Negro is moving into a fully integrated status.    Whatever the long-range impact of integration, the owners of Negro-appeal radio stations these days know they have an audience and that it is loyal. Advertisers have discovered the tendency of Negroes to shop for brand names they have heard on stations catering to their special interests. And many advertisers have been happy with the results of letting a Negro disc jockey phrase the commercial in his own words, working only from a fact sheet.    What sets Negro-appeal programing apart from other radio shows? Sponsor magazine notes the stress on popular Negro bands and singers; rhythm-and-blues mood music; "race" music, folk songs and melodies, and gospel programs. Furthermore, news and special presentations inform the listener about groups, projects, and personalities rarely mentioned on a general-appeal station. Advertising copy frequently takes into account matters of special Negro concern.    Sponsor quotes John McLendon of the McLendon-Ebony station group as saying that the Southern Negro is becoming conscious of quality and and "does not wish to be associated with radio which is any way degrading to his race; he tends to shy away from the hooting and hollering personalities that originally made Negro radio programs famous".    The sociological impact is perhaps most eloquently summed up in this quotation of J& Walter Carroll of ~KSAN, San Francisco:    "Negro-appeal radio is more important to the Negro today, because it provides a direct and powerful mirror in which the Negro can hear and see his ambitions, achievements and desires. It will continue to be important as a means of orientation to the Negro, seeking to become urbanized, as he tries to make adjustment to the urban life. Negro radio is vitally necessary during the process of assimilation".    Presentation of "The Life and Times of John Sloan" in the Delaware Art Center here suggests a current nostalgia for human values in art.    Staged by way of announcing the gift of a large and intimate Sloan collection by the artist's widow, Helen Farr Sloan, to the Wilmington Society of the Fine Arts, the exhibition presents a survey of Sloan's work. From early family portraits, painted before he entered the schools of the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts, the chronology extends to a group of paintings executed in his last year (1951) and still part of hi   A tribe in ancient India believed the earth was a huge tea tray resting on the backs of three giant elephants, which in turn stood on the shell of a great tortoise. This theory eventually proved inexact. But the primitive method of explaining the unknown with what is known bears at least a symbolic resemblance to the methods of modern science.    It is the business of cosmologists, the scientists who study the nature and structure of the universe, to try to solve the great cosmic mysteries by using keys that have clicked open other doors. These keys are the working principles of physics, mathematics and astronomy, principles which are then extrapolated, or projected, to explain phenomena of which we have little or no direct knowledge.    In the autumn of 1959, the British Broadcasting Corporation presented a series of talks by four scientists competent in cosmology. Three of these men discussed major theories of the universe while the other acted as a moderator. The participants were Professor H& Bondi, professor of mathematics at King's College, London; Dr& W& B& Bonnor, reader in mathematics at Queen Elizabeth College, London; Dr& R& A& Lyttleton, a lecturer at St& John's College, Cambridge, and a reader in theoretical astronomy at the University of Cambridge; and Dr& G& J& Whitrow, reader in applied mathematics at the Imperial College of Science and Technology, London.    Dr& Whitrow functioned as moderator. The programs were so well received by the British public that the arguments have been published in a totally engrossing little book called, "Rival Theories of Cosmology".    Dr& Bonnor begins with a discussion of the relativistic theories of the universe, based on the general theory of relativity. First of all, and this has been calculated by observation, the universe is expanding- that is, the galaxies are receding from each other at immense speeds. Because of this Dr& Bonnor holds that the universe is becoming more thinly populated by stars and whatever else is there. This expansion has been going on for an estimated eight billion years. EXPANDS AND CONTRACTS Dr& Bonnor supports the idea that the universe both expands and contracts, that in several billion years the expansion will slow up and reverse itself and that the contraction will set in. Then, after many more billions of years, when all the galaxies are whistling toward a common center, this movement will slow down and reverse itself again.    Professor Bondi disagrees with the expansion-contraction theory. He supports the steady-state theory which holds that matter is continually being created in space. For this reason, he says, the density of the universe always remains the same even though the galaxies are zooming away in all directions. New galaxies are forever being formed to fill in the gaps left by the receding galaxies.    If this is true, then the universe today looks just as it did millions of years ago and as it will look millions of years hence, even though the universe is expanding. For new galaxies to be created, Professor Bondi declares, it would only be necessary for a single hydrogen atom to be created in an area the size of your living room once every few million years. He contends this idea doesn't conflict with experiments on which the principle of conservation of matter and energy is based because some slight error must be assumed in such experiments.    Dr& Lyttleton backs the theory that we live in an electric universe and this theory starts with the behavior of protons and electrons. Protons and electrons bear opposite electrical charges which make them attract each other, and when they are joined they make up an atom of hydrogen- the basic building block of matter. The charges of the electron and proton are believed to be exactly equal and opposite, but Dr& Lyttleton is not so sure. Suppose, says Dr& Lyttleton, the proton has a slightly greater charge than the electron (so slight it is presently immeasurable). This would give the hydrogen atom a slight charge-excess.    Now if one hydrogen atom were placed at the surface of a large sphere of hydrogen atoms, it would be subject both to the gravitation of the sphere and the charge-excess of all those atoms in the sphere. Because electrical forces (the charge-excess) are far more powerful than gravitation, the surface hydrogen atoms would shoot away from the sphere.    Dr& Lyttleton then imagines the universe as a large hydrogen sphere with surface atoms shooting away from it. This, he claims, would reasonably account for the expansion of the universe. FLEETING GLIMPSE This slim book, while giving the reader only a fleeting glimpse of the scientific mind confronting the universe, has the appeal that informed conversation always has. Several photographs and charts of galaxies help the non-scientist keep up with the discussion, and the smooth language indicates the contributors were determined to avoid the jargon that seems to work its way into almost every field.    It is clear from this discussion that cosmologists of every persuasion look hopefully toward the day when a man-made satellite can be equipped with optical devices which will open up new vistas to science. Presently, the intense absorption of ultra-violet rays in the earth's atmosphere seriously hinders ground observation. These scientists are convinced that a telescope unclouded by the earth's gases will go a long way toward bolstering or destroying cosmic theories.    There would seem to be some small solace in the prospect that the missile race between nations is at the same time accelerating the study of the space around us, giving us a long-sought ladder from which to peer at alien regions.    In doing away with the tea tray, the elephants and the giant tortoise, science has developed a series of rationally defensible explanations of the cosmos. And although the universe may forever defy understanding, it might even now be finding its match in the imagination of man. "Roots", the new play at the brand-new Mayfair Theater on 46th St& which has been made over from a night club, is about the intellectual    Elisabeth Schwarzkopf sang so magnificently Saturday night at Hunter College that it seems a pity to have to register any complaints. Still a demurrer or two must be entered.    Schwarzkopf is, of course, Schwarzkopf. For style and assurance, for a supreme and regal bearing there is still no one who can touch her. If the voice is just a shade less glorious than it used to be, it is still a beautiful instrument, controlled and flexible. Put to the service of lieder of Schubert, Brahms, Strauss and Wolf in a dramatical and musical way, it made its effect with ease and precision.    But what has been happening recently might be described as creeping mannerism. Instead of her old confidence in the simplest, purest, most moving musical expression, Miss Schwarzkopf is letting herself be tempted by the classic sin of artistic pride- that subtle vanity that sometimes misleads a great artist into thinking that he or she can somehow better the music by bringing to it something extra, some personal dramatic touch imposed from the outside.    The symptoms Saturday night were unmistakable. Clever light songs were overly coy, tragic songs a little too melodramatic. There was an extra pause here, a gasp or a sigh there, here and there an extra little twist of a word or note, all in the interest of effect. The result was like that of a beautiful painting with some of the highlights touched up almost to the point of garishness.    There were stunning musical phrases too, and sometimes the deepest kind of musical and poetic absorption and communication. Miss Schwarzkopf and her excellent pianist, John Wustman, often achieved the highest lyrical ideals of the lieder tradition. All the more reason why there should have been no place for the frills; Miss Schwarzkopf is too great an artist to need them.    The dance, dancers and dance enthusiasts (8,500 of them) had a much better time of it at Lewisohn Stadium on Saturday night than all had had two nights earlier, when Stadium Concerts presented the first of two dance programs.    On Saturday, the orchestra was sensibly situated down on the field, the stage floor was apparently in decent condition for dancing, and the order of the program improved. @ There was, additionally, a bonus for the Saturday-night patrons. Alvin Ailey and Carmen De Lavallade appeared in the first New York performance of Mr& Ailey's "Roots of the Blues", a work given its premiere three weeks ago at the Boston Arts Festival.    Otherwise, the program included, as on Thursday, the Taras-Tchaikovsky "Design for Strings", the Dollar-Britten "Divertimento", the Dollar-De Banfield "The Duel" and the pas de deux from "The Nutcracker".    Maria Tallchief and Erik Bruhn, who danced the "Nutcracker" pas de deux, were also seen in the Petipa-Minkus pas de deux from "Don Quixote", another brilliant showpiece that displayed their technical prowess handsomely.    Among the other solo ballet dancers of the evening, Elisabeth Carroll and Ivan Allen were particularly impressive in their roles in "The Duel", a work that depends so much upon the precision and incisiveness of the two principal combatants.    Mr& Ailey's "Roots of the Blues", an earthy and very human modern dance work, provided strong contrast to the ballet selections of the evening. @ As Brother John Sellers sang five "blues" to the guitar and drum accompaniments of Bruce Langhorne and Shep Shepard, Mr& Ailey and Miss De Lavallade went through volatile dances that were by turns insinuating, threatening, contemptuous and ecstatic.    Their props were two stepladders, a chair and a palm fan. He wore the clothes of a laborer, and she was wondrously seductive in a yellow and orange dress.    The cat-like sinuousness and agility of both dancers were exploited in leaps, lifts, crawls and slides that were almost invariably compelling in a work of strong, sometimes almost frightening, tensions. "Roots of the Blues" may not be for gentle souls, but others should welcome its super-charged impact.    "Perhaps it is better to stay at home. The armchair traveler preserves his illusions". This somewhat cynical comment may be found in "Blue Skies, Brown Studies", a collection of travel essays by William Sansom, who would never consider staying home for long. Mr& Sansom is English, bearded, formidably cultivated, the versatile author of numerous volumes of short stories, of novels and of pieces that are neither short stories nor travel articles but something midway between.    The only man alive who seems qualified by his learning, his disposition and his addiction to a baroque luxuriance of language to inherit the literary mantle of Sacheverell Sitwell, Mr& Sansom writes of foreign parts with a dedication to decoration worthy of a pastry chef creating a wedding cake for the marriage of a Hungarian beauty (her third) and an American multimillionaire (his fourth). The result is rather wonderful, but so rich as to be indigestible if taken in too thick slices.    There are sixteen essays in "Blue Skies, Brown Studies". Most of them were written between 1953 and 1960 and originally appeared in various magazines. All are well written and are overwritten. But, even if Mr& Sansom labors too hard to extract more refinements of meaning and feeling from his travel experiences than the limits of language allow, he still can charm and astound. Too many books and articles are just assembled by putting one word after another. Mr& Sansom actually writes his with a nice ear for a gracefully composed sentence, with an intense relish in all the metaphorical resources of English, with a thick shower of sophisticated, cultural references. A CONTEMPLATIVE CONNOISSEUR "I like to sniff a place, and reproduce what it really smells and looks like, its color, its particular kind of life". This is an exact description of what Mr& Sansom does. He ignores guidebook facts. He only rarely tells a personal anecdote and hardly ever sketches an individual or quotes his opinions. It is an over-all impression Mr& Sansom strives for, an impression compounded of visual details, of a savory mixture of smells, of much loving attention to architecture and scenery, of lights and shadows, of intangibles of atmosphere and of echoes of the past.    William Sansom writes only about Europe in this book and frequently of such familiar places as London, Vienna, the French Riviera and the Norwegian fjords. But no matter what he writes about he brings to his subject his own original mind and his own sensitive reactions. "A writer lives, at best, in a state of astonishment", he says. "Beneath any feeling he has of the good or the evil of the world lies a deeper one of wonder at it all. To transmit that feeling he writes". This may not be true of many writers, but it certainly is true of Mr& Sansom. So in these pages one can share hAs autumn starts its annual sweep, few Americans and Canadians realize how fortunate they are in having the world's finest fall coloring. Spectacular displays of this sort are relatively rare in the entire land surface of the earth. The only other regions so blessed are the British Isles, western Europe, eastern China, southern Chile and parts of Japan, New Zealand and Tasmania. Their autumn tints are all fairly low keyed compared with the fiery stabs of crimson, gold, purple, bronze, blue and vermilion that flame up in North America. Jack Frost is not really responsible for this great seasonal spectacle; in fact, a freezing autumn dulls the blaze. The best effects come from a combination of temperate climate and plenty of late-summer rain, followed by sunny days and cool nights. Foliage pilgrimages, either organized or individual, are becoming an autumn item for more and more Americans each year. Below is a specific guide, keyed to the calendar. NATURE _CANADA._    Late September finds Quebec's color at its peak, especially in the Laurentian hills and in the area south of the St& Lawrence River. In the Maritime provinces farther east, the tones are a little quieter. Ontario's foliage is most vivid from about Sept& 23 to Oct& 10, with both Muskoka (100 miles north of Toronto) and Haliburton (125 miles northwest of Toronto) holding color cavalcades starting Sept& 23. In the Canadian Rockies, great groves of aspen are already glinting gold. _NEW ENGLAND._    Vermont's sugar maples are scarlet from Sept& 25 to Oct& 15, and often hit a height in early October. New Hampshire figures its peak around Columbus Day and boasts of all its hardwoods including the yellow of the birches. The shades tend to be a little softer in the forests that blanket so much of Maine. In western Massachusetts and northwest Connecticut, the Berkshires are at their vibrant prime the first week of October. MIDDLE ATLANTIC STATES._    The Adirondacks blaze brightest in early October, choice routes being 9~N from Saratoga up to Lake George and 73 and 86 in the Lake Placid area. Farther south in New York there is a heavy haze of color over the Catskills in mid-October, notably along routes 23 and 23~A. About the same time the Alleghenies and Poconos in Pennsylvania are magnificent- Renovo holds its annual Flaming Foliage Festival on Oct& 14, 15. New Jersey's color varies from staccato to pastel all the way from the Delaware Water Gap to Cape May. _SOUTHEAST._    During the first half of October the Blue Ridge and other parts of the Appalachians provide a spectacle stretching from Maryland and West Virginia to Georgia. The most brilliant displays are along the Skyline Drive above Virginia's Shenandoah Valley and throughout the Great Smokies between North Carolina and Tennessee. _MIDWEST._    Michigan, Wisconsin and Minnesota have many superb stretches of color which reach their height from the last few days of September well into October, especially in their northern sections, e&g&, Wisconsin's Vilas County whose Colorama celebration is Sept& 29-Oct& 8. In Wisconsin, take route 55 north of Shawano or routes 78 and 60 from Portage to Prairie du Chien. In Michigan, there is fine color on route 27 up to the Mackinac Straits, while the views around Marquette and Iron Mountain in the Upper Peninsula are spectacular. In Minnesota, Arrowhead County and route 53 north to International Falls are outstanding. Farther south, there are attractive patches all the way to the Ozarks, with some seasonal peaks as late as early November. Illinois' Shawnee National Forest, Missouri's Iron County and the maples of Hiawatha, Kan& should be at their best in mid-October. _THE WEST._    The Rockies have many "Aspencades", which are organized tours of the aspen areas with frequent stops at vantage points for viewing the golden panoramas. In Colorado, Ouray has its Fall Color Week Sept& 22-29, Rye and Salida both sponsor Aspencades Sept& 24, and Steamboat Springs has a week-long Aspencade Sept& 25-30. New Mexico's biggest is at Ruidoso Oct& 7, 8, while Alamogordo and Cloudcroft cooperate in similar trips Oct& 1.  AMERICANA _PLEASURE DOMES._    Two sharply contrasting places designed for public enjoyment are now on display.    The Corn Palace at Mitchell, S& Dak&, "the world's corniest building", has a carnival through Sept& 23 headlining the Three Stooges and Pee Wee Hunt. Since 1892 ears of red, yellow, purple and white corn have annually been nailed to 11 big picture panels to create hugh "paintings". The 1961 theme is the Dakota Territorial Centennial, with the pictures including the Lewis and Clark expedition, the first river steamboat, the 1876 gold rush, a little red schoolhouse on the prairie, and today's construction of large Missouri River reservoirs. The panels will stay up until they are replaced next summer.    Longwood Garde