One way of categorizing "management approaches" is by the kinds of
change

Optimization - Improving the Box
    Employee related - employee involvement, quality circles,
        performance measures
    Task related - statistical process control, concurrent engineering,
        project management

Innovation - Redefining the Box
    COST - ABM, Activity Based Costing
    Quality - TQM
    Timing/Speed - JIT

Creativity - Thinking Outside the Box
    Strategic Cost Management
    Reengineering
    The Learning Organization

p. 10, Reengineering for Competitive Advantage Through Teamocracy and
Project Management, Management Technologies Group, Inc. 1996