5i' MONTAGE: REC. G.652 AU DEBUT DE CETTE PAGE Recommendation G.653 CHARACTERISTICS OF A DISPERSION-SHIFTED SINGLE-MODE OPTICAL FIBRE CABLE (Melbourne, 1988) The CCITT, considering (a) that dispersion-shifted optical fibre cables are going to be used widely in telecommunication networks; (b) that the foreseen potential applications may require several kinds of single-mode fibres differing in operation wavelength geometrical and optical characteristics, and attenuation dispersion and other transmission characteristics, recommends a dispersion-shifted single-mode fibre which has the zero-dispersion wavelength in the 1550 nm wavelength region and which is optimized for use at wavelengths around 1550 nm. This fibre may also be used at around 1300 nm subject to the constraints which are outlined in this Recommendation. Its geometrical, optical and transmission parameters are described below. The meaning of the terms used in this Recommendation are given in Annex A to Recommendation G.652 and the guidelines to be fol- lowed in the measurements to verify the various characteristics are indicated in Annex B to Recommendation G.652. The characteristics of this fibre and the relevant values will be refined as studies and experience progress. 1 Fibre characteristics Only those characteristics of the fibre providing a minimum essential design framework for fibre manufacture are recommended in S 1. Of these, the cabled fibre cut-off wavelength may be signifi- cantly affected by cable manufacture or installation. Otherwise, the recommended characteristics will apply equally to individual fibres, fibres incorporated into a cable wound on a drum, and fibres in an installed cable. This Recommendation applies to fibres having a nominally cir- cular mode field. 1.1 Mode field diameter The nominal value of the mode field diameter at 1550 nm shall lie within the range of 7.0 to 8.3 um. The mode field diameter deviation should not exceed the limits of _ | 0% of the nominal value. Note 1 - The choice of a specific value within the above range is not necessarily associated with a specific fibre design. Note 2 - It should be noted that the fibre performance required for any given application is a function of essential fibre and systems parameters, i.e., mode field diameters, cut-off wavelength, chromatic dispersion, system operating wavelength, and bit rateB/Ffrequency of operation, and not primarily of the fibre design. Note 3 - All the above needs further study. 1.2 Cladding diameter The recommended nominal value of the cladding diameter is 125 um. The cladding deviation should not exceed the limits of _ 2.4% (_ 3 um). For some particular jointing techniques and joint loss requirements, other tolerances may be appropriate. 1.3 Mode field concentricity error The recommended mode field concentricity error at 1550 nm should not exceed 1 um. Note - For some particular jointing techniques and joint loss requirements, tolerances up to 3 um may be approrpriate. 1.4 Non-circularity 1.4.1 Mode field non-circularity In practice, the mode field non-circularity of fibres having nominally circular mode fields is found to be sufficiently low that propagation and jointing are not affected. It is therefore not con- sidered necessary to recommend a particular value for the mode field non-circularity. It is not normally necessary to measure the mode field non-circularity for acceptance purposes. 1.4.2 Cladding non-circularity The cladding non-circularity should be less than 2%. For some particular jointing techniques and joint loss requirements, other tolerances may be appropriate. 1.5 Cut-off wavelength Under study. 1.6 1550 nm bend performance The loss increase for 100 turns of fibre, loosely wound with a 37.5 mm radius and measured at 1550 nm, shall be less than 0.5 dB. Note 1 - A qualification test may be sufficient to ensure that this requirement is being met. Note 2 - The above value of 100 turns corresponds to the approximate number of turns deployed in all splice cases of typical repeater span. The radius of 37.5 mm is equivalent to the minimum bend-radius widely accepted for long-term deployment of fibres in practical systems installations to avoid static-fatigue failure. Note 3 - If for pratical reasons fewer than 100 turns are chosen to implement this test, it is suggested that not less than 40 turns, and a proportionately smaller loss increase be used. Note 4 - If bending radii smaller than 37.5 mm are planned to be used in splice cases or elsewhere in the system (for example, R = 30 mm) it is suggested that the same loss value of 0.5 dB shall apply to 100 turns of fibre deployed with this smaller radius. Note 5 - The 1550 nm bend-loss recommendation relates to the deployment of fibres in practical single-mode fibre installations. The influence of the stranding-related bending radii of cabled single-mode fibres on the loss performance is included in the loss specification of the cabled fibre. Note 6 - In the event that routine tests are required, a small diameter loop with one or several turns can be used instead of the 100-turn test, for accuracy and measurement ease of the 1550 nm bend sensitivity. In this case, the loop diameter, number of turns, and the maximum permissible bend loss for the several-turn test, should be chosen, so as to correlate with the 0.5 dB loss recommendation of the 37.5 mm radius 100 turn func- tional test. 1.7 Material properties of the fibre 1.7.1 Fibre materials The substances of which the fibres are made should be indi- cated. Note - Care may be needed in fusion splicing fibres of dif- ferent substances. Provisional results indicate that adequate splice loss and strength can be achieved when splicing different high-silica fibres. 1.7.2 Protective materials The physical and chemical properties of the material used for the fibre primary coating, and the best way of removing it (if necessary) should be indicated. In the case of a single jacketed fibre similar indications shall be given. 1.8 Refractive index profile The refractive index profile of the fibre does not generally need to be known: if one wishes to measure it, the Reference Test Method in Recommendation G.651 may be used. 2 Factory length specifications Since the geometrical and optical characteristics of fibres given in S 1 are barely affected by the cabling process, S 2 will give recommendations mainly relevant to transmission characteris- tics of cabled factory lengths. Environmental and test conditions are paramount and are described in the guidelines for Test Methods. 2.1 Attenuation coefficient Optical fibre cables covered by this Recommendation generally have attenuation coefficients in the 1550 nm region below 0.5 dB/km. When they are intended for use in the 1300 nm region, their attenuation coefficient in that region is genrally below 1 dB/km. Note - The lowest values depend on the fabrication process, fibre composition and design, and cable design. Values in the rage 0.19-0.25 dB/km in the 1550 nm region have been achieved. 2.2 Chromatic dispersion coefficient Under study. Note 1 - The maximum chromatic dispersion coefficient of single-mode fibres covered in this Recommendation shall be: H.T. [T1.653] ______________________________________ Wavelength (nm) { Maximum chromatic dispersion coefficient [ps/(nmxkm)] } ______________________________________ 1525-1575 3.5 1300 nm region Under study ______________________________________ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Table [T1.653], p. Note 2 - The value of 3.5 ps/(nm | (mu | m) allows for attenuation limited section lengths at 560 MbitB/Fs, using suitable multi-longitudinal mode lasers and adequate line coding. Note 3 - For higher capacity (larger than 560 MbitB/Fs) or longer length systems, operation closer to the zero-dispersion wavelength is required (unless single-longitudinal mode laser diodes are used). Additional fibre parameters may then have to be specified (such as zero-dispersion wavelength, dispersion-slope, etc.). Further studies are needed to identify these parameters. Note 4 - It is not necessary to measure the chromatic disper- sion coefficient on a routine basis. 3 Elementary cable sections An elementary cable section usually includes a number of spliced factory lengths. The requirements for factory lengths are given in S 2 of this Recommendation. The transmission parameters for elementary cable section must take into account not only the performance of the individual cable lengths but also amongst the other factors, such things as splice losses and connector losses (if applicable). 3.1 Attenuation The attenuation A of an elementary cable section is given by: A = n =1 ~ fIm anx Ln+ asx X + acx y where an = attenuation coefficient of n th fibre in elementary cable section, Ln = length of n th fibre, m = total number of concatenated fibres in elementary cable section, a = mean splice loss, X = number of splices in elementary cable section, ac = mean loss of line connectors, y = number of line connectors in elementary cable section (if provided). A suitable allowance should be allocated for a suitable cable marging for future modifications of cable configurations (addi- tional splices, extra cable lengths, aging effects, temperature variations, etc.). The above equation does not include the loss of equipment connectors. The mean loss is used for the loss splices and connectors. The attenuation budget used in designing an actual system should account for the statistical variations in these parameters. 3.2 Chromatic dispersion The chromatic dispersion in ps can be calculated from the chromatic dispersion coefficients of the factory lengths, assuming a linear dependence on length, and with due regard for the signs of the coefficients and system source characteristics (see S 2.2). ANNEX A (to Recommendation G.653) Meaning of the terms used in the Recommendation Most of the definitions contained in Annex A to Recommendation G.652 are in principle applicable also to dispersion-shifted fibre. Because of limited experience with this type of fibre, further study of the suitability of some definitions is needed. ANNEX B (to Recommendation G.653) Test Methods for dispersion-shifted single-mode fibres The present experience on dispersion-shifted single-mode fibres is rather limited; therefore further study is needed on some Reference and Alternative Test Methods for this type of fibre. Nevertheless, most of the test methods described in Annex B to Recommendation G.652 are in principle applicable also to dispersion-shifted fibres. Therefore, for this Annex, reference is made to the corresponding Test Methods of Annex B in Recommendation G.652; the specifics of each test procedure need further study. It should be noted that the working wavelength for G.653 fibres is in the 1550 nm region. Recommendation G.654 CHARACTERISTICS OF A 1550 nm WAVELENGTH LOSS-MINIMIZED SINGLE-MODE OPTICAL FIBRE CABLE (Melbourne, 1988) The CCITT, considering (a) that very low loss fibres are required in some telecommun- ication network applications; (b) that the foreseen potential applications may require several kinds of single-mode fibres differing in: - geometrical characteristics; - operation wavelength; - attenuation, dispersion and other optical charac- teristics, (c) that Recommendations on different kinds of single-mode fibres can be prepared when practical use studies have sufficiently progressed, recommends a single-mode fibre which has the zero dispersion wavelength in the 1300 nm wavelength region, which is loss minimized at a wavelength around 1550 nm and which is designed for use in this region. The geometrical, optical and transmission characteristics of this fibre are described below. The meaning of the terms used in this Recommendation are given in Annex A, and the guidelines to be followed in the measurements to verify the various characteristics are indicated in Annex B. Note - The characteristics of this fibre and the relevant values will be refined as studies and experience progress. 1 Fibre characteristics 1.1 Mode field diameter The nominal value of the mode field diameter at 1550 nm shall be xx um. The mode field diameter deviation should not exceed the limits of _ 10% of the nominal value. Note - The value for xx has to be specified. A value of 10.5 for xx is one possibility. 1.2 Cladding diameter Under study. The recommended nominal value of the cladding diameter is 125 um. The cladding deviation should not exceed the limits of _ 2.4% (_ 3 um). 1.3 Mode field concentricity error The recommended mode field concentricity error at 1550 nm should not exceed 1 um 1.4 Non-circularity 1.4.1 Mode field non-circulatory In practice, the mode field non-circularity of fibres having nominally circular mode fields is found to be sufficiently low that propagation and jointing are not affected. It is therefore not con- sidered necessary to recommend a particular value for the mode field non-circularity. It is not normally necessary to measure the mode field non-circularity for acceptance purposes. 1.4.2 Cladding non-circularity The cladding non-circularity should be less than 2%. For some particular jointing techniques and joint loss requirements, other tolerances may be appropriate. 1.5 Cut-off wavelength The cut-off wavelength values shall be between xxxx nm and yyyy nm for \c, and smaller than zzzz nm for \c\dc. Note - The values for xxxx, yyyy and zzzz have to be speci- fied; values of 1350 for xxxx, 1600 for yyyy and 1530 for zzzz are one possibility. 1.6 1550 nm bend loss performance Under study. Note - The performance of this fibre should not be worse than fibre designed to meet Recommendation G.653. 1.7 Material properties of the fibre This is given in S 1.7 of Recommendation G.652. 1.8 Example of fibre design guidelines Supplement No. 33 gives an example of fibre design guidelines for matched cladding fibres used by one organization. 2 Factory length specifications 2.1 Attenuation coefficient Optical fibre cables covered by this Recommendation shall have attenuation coefficients in the 1550 nm region Note - The lowest values depend on fabrication process, fibre composition and design, and cables design. Values of 0.15 to 0.20 dB/km in the 1550 nm region have been achieved. 2.2 Chromatic dispersion coefficient The maximum chromatic dispersion coefficient in the 1550 nm wavelength region of single-mode fibres covered in this Recommenda- tion shall be 20 ps/(nm | (mu | m). 3 Elementary cable sections As given in S 3 of Recommendation G.652. ANNEX A (to Recommendation G.654) Meaning of the terms used in the Recommendation Most of the definitions contained in Annex A to Recommendation G.652 are in principle applicable also to loss-minimized fibre. Because of limited experience with this type of fibre, further study of the suitability of some definitions is needed. ANNEX B (to Recommendation G.654) Test methods for loss-minimized single-mode fibres The present experience on loss-minimized single-mode fibres is rather limited; therefore further study is needed on some Reference and Alternative Test Methods for this type of fibre. Nevertheless, most of the test methods described in Annex B to Recommendation G.652 are in principle applicable also to loss-minimized fibres. Therefore, for this Annex, reference is made to the corresponding Test Methods of Annex B in Recommendation G.652; the specifics of each test procedure need further study. It should be noted that the working wavelength for G.654 fibres is in the 1550 nm region. PART II SUPPLEMENTS TO RECOMMENDATIONS IN SECTION 6 OF THE SERIE G RECOMMENDATIONS Blanc MONTAGE: PAGE 118 = PAGE BLANCHE H.T. [1T1.11] _____________________________________________________________________ Supplement No. 11 { DATA ON CABLE SHIPS AND SUBMERSIBLE EQUIPMENTS OF VARIOUS | OUNTRIES } { (Mar del Plata, 1968, amended at Geneva, 1972, 1976, 1980, 1984 and 1988; referred to in Subsection 6.3 of the Series G Recommendations) } Section 1 - CABLE SHIPS _____________________________________________________________________ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ___________________________________ | | Cable Name of ship { | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Bow sheave (diameter) (m)| | | | | | | | | | | | Stern sheave (diameter) (m) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ___________________________________ CANADA John Cabot 1985 6400 95 7 13/16 6500 3 614 800 24 { 1x3.0 (30 t) + linear engine (18 pairs of wheels) } 3.0 - All { Repair ship. Plough capabilities. } | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | DENMARK { Ship belonging to Telecom Denmark } Peter Faber 1982 Open 750 Closed 1830 78.4 Open 3.8 Closed 5.0 14.0 7000 1 tank 1 hold 310 230 600 400 App. 10 3.0 3.0 - 4000 { Reinforced for operation in ice-filled waters. On the aft deck: one A-frame with hydraulic topping. Max. load 35 tons. One hydraulic towing and general purpose winch. Two hydraulic double-drum warping winches. } ___________________________________ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Table [1T1.11], p. (disposition a l'italienne) H.T. [2T1.11] _________________________________________________ { Section 1 - CABLE SHIPS (cont.) } _________________________________________________ | | | | | | | | _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | Cable Name of ship { | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Bow sheave (diameter) (m) | | | | | | | | | | | | Stern sheave (diameter) (m) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ FRANCE Vercors 1974 10 | 70 133 7.3 16.5 13 | 00 3 2535 6000* 140 2x3.0 (30t) 3.0 { 4.0 + linear engine (18 pairs of wheels) } All { Laying and repair of all types of telephone (coaxial and optical fibre) and power cables. Capacity: 3500 km deep-sea optical fibre cables, 1300 nautical miles 1-inch cable; 650 nautical miles 1.5-inch cable; 500 nautical miles 1.7-inch cable. * A different weight in the case of power cable. } Leon Thevenin 1983 6200 107 6.25 15.0 10 | 00 2 1060 1000 30 2x3.4 (40t) 3.0 { 4.0 + linear engine (18 pairs of wheels) } All { Repair ship, armoured coaxial and optical fibre cables. } Raymond Croze 1983 6200 107 6.25 15.0 10 | 00 2 1400 1300 70 2x3.4 (40t) 3.0 { 4.0 + linear engine (8 pairs of wheels) } All { Lays/repairs-approx. half the strage capacity of the Vercors Note - Leon Thevenin | and Raymond Croze are identical except for the positioning of the cable tanks. } _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Table [2T1.11], p. (disposition a l'italienne) H.T. [3T1.11] _________________________________________________ { Section 1 - CABLE SHIPS (cont.) } _________________________________________________ | | | | | | | | ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | Cable Name of ship { | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Bow sheave (diameter) (m)| | | | | | | | | | | | Stern sheave (diameter) (m) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ITALY { Ships belonging to Pirelli/Euroshipping } Arabella 1975 2620 76.66 5.18 11 2000 2 1100 2000 - - - 3 All Lay/repair G. Verne 1983 13 | 00| | 127.5 | | 5.37 | | 10 | | 5000 | | 3 | | 5000 | | 12 | 00 | | - | | - | | - | | 6 | | All | | Stern only JAPAN { 1. Ship belonging to KDD } KDD Maru 1967 6026 113.83 6.3 16 7000 3 1012 2700 70 3.6 3.0 Shute 4.0 All { Lays and repairs all types of telephone cables. } | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | { 2. Ships belonging to NTT } { NTT Tsugaru Maru } 1969 1961 84.6 4.60 13.5 4000 1 320 650 50 3.3 2.5 1.8 5000 { Lays and repairs all types of telephone cables. } { NTT Kuroshio Maru } 1974 3345 119.3 5.60 16.5 6883 3 887 1200 95 3.8 3.0 2.0 All { Laying by linear engine. Lays and repairs all types of telephone cables. } { NTT Setouchi Maru } 1979 819 64.8 3.50 12.0 3690 2 139 250 20 2.5 - 1.5 5000 { Lays and repairs all types of telephone cables. } { NTT Koyo Maru } 1983 1295 74.0 43.50 13.5 4500 2 169 250 20 3.0 2.5 2.0 All { Laying by linear engine. Lays and repairs all types of telephone cables (especially optical cables). } ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 0 Table [3T1.11], p. (disposition a l'italienne) H.T. [4T1.11] _________________________________________________ { Section 1 - CABLE SHIPS (cont.) } _________________________________________________ | | | | | | | | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | Cable Name of ship { | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Bow sheave (diameter) (m) | | | | | | | | | | | | Stern sheave (diameter) (m) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ UNITED KINGDOM { 1. Ships belonging to British Telecom (Marine) Limited } Alert 1961 9477 130 7.1 14 10 | 00 3 1509 3100 48 2.98 2.98 2.98 All { Laying by linear engine and sea-bed burial by plow. Lays/repairs all types of coaxial and optical fibre cables. } Monarch 1975 4639 97 5.5 14 7000 4 417 850 12 3.00 3.00 None All { Lays/repairs armoured coaxial and optical fibre cables. Repairs lightweight coaxial and optical fibre cables. Detrenching/reburial by submersible jetting. } Iris 1976 4639 97 5.5 14 7000 4 417 850 12 3.00 3.00 None All { Lays/repairs armoured coaxial and optical fibre cables. Repairs lightweight coaxial and optical fibre cables. } | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | { 2. Ships belonging to Cable & Wireless (Marine) Limited } Retreiver 1961 5650 112 5,82 13 8000 3 629 1568 11 3.0 3.0 Shute 3.05 All { Lays/repairs armoured cables. Repairs lightweight cables. } Northern 1962 3363 83.5 5.3 10 7200 3 480 1000 3 3.0 3.0 None 3500 Bow only, repair ship. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Note - Only relatively short cables are laid and only shore-ends. Table [4T1.11], p. (disposition a l'italienne) H.T. [5T1.11] _________________________________________________ { Section 1 - CABLE SHIPS (end) } _________________________________________________ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | _________________________________ | | Cable Name of ship { | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Bow sheave (diameter) (m)| | | | | | | | | | | | Stern sheave (diameter) (m) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | _________________________________ { 2. Ships belonging to Cable & Wireless (Marine) Limited (cont.) } Cable Venture 1962 16 | 83 153 8.97 12.5 10 | 00 4+1 (spare) 5086 9000 400 2.80 3.00 3.39 All { Laying by linear cable engine. Lays and repairs armoured and lightweight coaxial cables. } Mercury 1962 11 | 83 144 7.5 14.5 8000 3 2970 3500 144 3.05 3.50 Shute 3.05 All Ditto Cable Enterprise 1964 5759 113 5.84 13 8000 3 887 2150 30 2.8 3.00 Shute 3.05 All { Lays/repairs armoured cables. Repairs lightweight cables. (See Note) } Cable Protector 1976 4608 86 4.7 10.0 7200 2 1272 1060 Nil Nil Nil 3.00 1000 { 2.6 m stern cable drum and small LCE. } Pacific Guardian 1984 7526 116 6.32 14.0 8000 3 1416 3470 96 3.5 3.00 3.00 All { Laying by linear cable engine. Lays and repairs armoured and lightweight coaxial cables. } | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | UNITED STATES OF AMERICA { Ships belonging to AT&T } Charlie Brown 1952 2881 99.9 5.8 15 7000 3 660 2122 - 3.66 3.66 N/A All { Repairs all types of telephone cables. Lays short and shore systems. } Long Lines 1963 11 | 26 156 7.9 15 10 | 00 3 4420 7000 125 3.66 3.05 3.66 All Lays/repairs all types of telephone cables. _________________________________ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Note - Only relatively short cables are laid and only shore-ends. Table [5T1.11], p. (disposition a l'italienne) H.T. [1T2.11] _________________________________________________ { Section 2 - SUBMERSIBLE EQUIPMENTS } _________________________________________________ | | | | | | | | _____________ Type of submersible Displacement (tons) Overall length (m) Width (m) Height Trenching system Trenching Propulsion Max. operating depth (m) Capability _____________ FRANCE _____________ { Submersible plough system } 23 9.06 3 2.90 Ploughshare { Immediate burial of cable (up to 0.7 m) on ploughing } Towed by support ship 950 { Lay and bury cables and small pipes. } _____________ { Self-advancing buried system } 11.3 5.50 2.45 3.50 Trenching wheel or chain { Burial of existing cables down to 2 m } Tracked vehicle 150 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Burial of cables and pipes.| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | _____________ { JAPAN 1. Submersibles belonging to KDD } _____________ { KS-2 cable plough } 9.3 11.2 2.56 2.0 - { Immediate burial of cable on ploughing } Towed by support ship 200 { Lay and bury cable in one action. } _____________ MARCAS crawler 4.7 4.0 3.0 2.15 Fluidisation jets Fluidisation jets Track drive 200 Trench in existing cable. _____________ MARCAS-2500 3.6 2.65 1.8 1.9 Fluidisation jets Fluidisation jets { 2 vertical and 4 horizontal thrusters } 2500 { Post-lay burial, maintenance of cable and survey of senbed. } | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | _____________ { 2. Submersibles belonging to NTT } _____________ { Plough-type Mark IV submarine cable burying system } 16.8 8.4 4.0 4.0 - { Up to 1.5 m depth, immediate burial of cable on ploughing } Towed by support ship 500 { Simultaneous or post-lay burial of cable. } _____________ { Self-advancing burying system } 3.5 3.4 2.3 1.8 { Fluidisation, and cutting jets, and dredge pump } { Up to 1.5 m depth with cutting and fluidisation jets } { Self-advancing by water jets } 40 Trench in existing cable. _____________ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Table [1T2.11], p. (disposition a l'italienne) H.T. [2T2.11] _________________________________________________ { Section 2 - SUBMERSIBLE EQUIPMENTS (cont.) } _________________________________________________ | | | | | | | | ______ Type of submersible Displacement (tons) Overall length (m)| Width (m)| Height (m)| Tranching system | Trenching | Propulsion | Max. operating depth (m)| Capability ______ { UNITED KINGDOM 1. Submersibles belonging to British Telecom (Marine) Ltd. } ______ { Submersible trencher } 17.0 6.6 4 3.4 { Fluidisation and cutting jets and dredge pump } { Up to 1 m depth with cutting and fluidisation jets } { Three vertical and four horizontal thrusters, track drive differential steering } 274 { Trench in existing cable and pipe. } ______ { Submersible plough system } 9.75 6.1 2.6 2.6 Ploughshare preceded by disc { Immediate burial of cable on ploughing } Towed by support ship 900 { Lay and bury cable, umbilical and pipe in one action giving full cable protection. } ______ { Modular plough system } 40 14 6 4.5 Ploughshare preceded by disc { Immediate burial of cable on ploughing } Towed by support ship 350 { Simultaneous or post lay burial of cable and umbilicals post lay burial of pipeline. } | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ______ { 2. Submersibles belonging to Cables & Wireless (Marine) Ltd. } ______ { Remote control submersible, Cirrus } 3.2 3.5 2.1 2.3 Water jets Trenching capability 0.3 m Thrusters (7) 1000 { Visual inspection cable location/inspection/ deburial. Manipulation. } ______ CWM sea bed plough 12.0 7.2 4.0 2.5 Passive blade Trenching capability 0.9 m Towed 1000 { Steerable. Backfill Capability Partial Repeater burial. } ______ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Table [2T2.11], p. (disposition a l'italienne) H.T. [3T2.11] _________________________________________________ { Section 2 - SUBMERSIBLE EQUIPMENTS (end) } _________________________________________________ | | | | | | | | _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Type of submersible Displacement (tons) Overall length (m)| Width (m)| Height (m)| Tranching system| Trenching | Propulsion| Max. operating depth (m)| Capability _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ UNITED STATES OF AMERICA _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Sea plough IV A - - - - - - - - { Plough trench 16" wide to maximum 24" depth. } _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Sea plough V - - - - - - - - { Same as sea plough IV A. } _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Scarab I/II - - - - - - - - { Multi owners used for maintenance. } _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Table [3T2.11], p. (disposition a l'italienne) Supplement No. 14 METHODS FOR MEASURING REGULARITY RETURN LOSS (referred to in Recommendation G.623; this Supplement is to be found on page 669 of Fascicle III.3 of Orange Book, Geneva, 1977) Supplement No. 18 INFORMATION ON SUBMARINE CABLES USED IN DEEP WATER (referred to in Subsection 6.3; this Supplement is to be found on page 313 of Fascicle III.2 of the Red Book, Geneva, 1985) Supplement No. 19 DIGITAL CROSSTALK MEASUREMENT (METHOD USED BY THE ADMINISTRATIONS OF FRANCE, THE NETHERLANDS AND SPAIN) (referred to in Recommendation G.612; this Supplement is to be found on page 326 of Fascicle III.2 of the Red Book, Geneva, 1985) Supplement No. 33 EXAMPLES OF FIBRE DESIGN GUIDELINES (Diagrams used in Japan and in the United Kingdom) (referred to in Recommendations G.652 and G.654) The following two diagrams provide and overview of the charac- teristics of two particular types of fibre. The aim of these diagrams is to give guidance to potential fibre users when prepar- ing optical fibre specifications. Figure 1, which is used in Japan and in the United Kingdom, gives empirically determined relationships between mode field diam- eter and cut-off wavelength, as independent variables, with 1550 nm bend loss performance and chromatic dispersion coefficients at 1285 nm and 1330 nm for matched-clad, single-mode fibre compliant with Rec. G.652. Two types of 1550 nm bend loss performance tests are described, the Rec. G.652 test (37.5 mm radius mandrel/100 turns, maximum loss 1.0 dB) and the test most commonly specified in the United Kingdom (30 mm radius mandrel/10 turns, maximum loss 0.2 dB). Figure 2, which is used by KDD, Japan, gives relationships between mode field diameter and cut-off wavelength with theoretical 1550 nm bend loss performance and various chromatic dispersion coefficients. This information is for matched-clad, single-mode fibre which is compliant with Rec. G.654. Figure 1/Supp.33, p. Figure 2/Supp.33, p.