AssistCalc™  
For the Newton®  
Version 3.1
User Manual

Preface
Even though some people never look at documentation you should read the section on speeding up the Intelligent Assist. This could save you 30 seconds and might make IA worth using.  If you don’t read all the documentation make sure you read the Legal Stuff section. 

Thank you all for taking the time to look at my product. 

*	Hardy Macia
*	P.O. Box 8276
*	Essex VT 05451
*	
*	eWorld/NewtonMail : HardyMacia         (preferred)
*	internet : HardyMacia@eWorld.com
*	compuserve : 74372,1262
*	aol : HardyMacia

Legal stuff
AssistCalc™   (the software that this documentation describes), the related software that is included with AssistCalc™  , and this documentation are all Copyright ©  1993-94 Hardy Macia and Hardy Macia's Licensor(s). All rights reserved.

AssistCalc™   is a trademark of Hardy Macia. 

Apple and Newton are trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc., registered in the United States and other countries. NewtonMail and MessagePad are trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc. 

Here is the software license that Apple Computer, Inc. requires that Newton software written with the Newton Toolkit carry. It isn't exciting reading but I advise you to read it since it does apply to all users of AssistCalc and the related software that accompanies it.

1. License. The application, demonstration, system and other software accompanying this License, whether on disk, in read only memory, or by any other media (the "Software"), the related documentation and fonts are licensed to you by Hardy Macia. You own the media on which the Software and forts are recorded but Hardy Macia and/or Hardy Macia's Licensor(s) retain title to the Software, related documentation and fonts. This License allows you to use the Software and fonts on a single Newton Product (which, for the purposes of this License, shall mean a product bearing Apple's Newton logo), and make one copy of the Software and fonts in machine-readable form for backup purposes only. You must reproduce on such copy Hardy Macia's copyright notice and any other proprietary legends that were on the original copy of the Software and fonts. You may also transfer all your license rights in the Software and fonts, the backup copy of the Software and fonts, the related documentation and a copy of this License to another party, provided the other party reads and agrees to accept the terms and conditions of this License.

2. Restrictions. The Software contains copyrighted material, trade secrets and other proprietary material and in order to protect them you may not decompile, reverse engineer, disassemble or otherwise reduce the Software to a human-perceivable form. You may not modify, network, rent, lease, loan, distribute or create derivative works based upon the Software in whole or in part. You may distribute for a nominal download or duplication charge the unregistered Shareware version of AssistCalc as long as it is accompanied by this documentation. 

3. Termination. This License is effective until terminated. You may terminate this License at any time by destroying the Software and related documentation and fonts. This License will terminate immediately without notice from Hardy Macia if you fail to comply with any provision of this License. Upon termination you must destroy the Software, related documentation and fonts.

4. Export Law Assurances. You agree and certify that neither the Software nor any other technical data received from Hardy Macia, nor the direct product thereof, will be exported outside the United States except as authorized and as permitted by the laws and regulations of the United States. If the software has been rightfully obtained by you outside of the United States, you agree that you will not re-export the Software nor any other technical data received from Hardy Macia, nor the direct product thereof, except as permitted by the laws and regulations of the United States and the laws and regulations of the jurisdiction in which you obtained the Software.

5. Government End Users. If you are acquiring the Software and fonts on behalf of any unit or agency of the United States Government, the following provisions apply. The Government agrees:
  (i) if the Software and fonts are supplied to the Department of Defense (DoD), the Software and fonts are classified as "Commercial Computer Software" and the Government is acquiring only "restricted rights" in the Software, its documentation and fonts as that term is defined in Clause 252.227-7013(c)(1) of the DFARS; and
  (ii) if the software and fonts are supplied to any unit or agency of the United States Government other than the DoD, the Government's rights in the Software, its documentation and fonts will be as defined in Clause 52.227-19(c)(2) of the FAR or, in the case of NASA, in Clause 18-52.227-86(d) of the NASA Supplement to the FAR.

6. Disclaimer of Warranty on Software. You expressly acknowledge and agree that use of the Software and fonts is at your sole risk. The Software, related documentation and fonts are provided "AS IS" and without warranty of any kind and Hardy Macia and Hardy Macia's Licensor(s) (for the purposes of provisions 6 and 7, Hardy Macia and Hardy Macia's Licensor(s) shall be collectively referred to as "Hardy Macia") EXPRESSLY DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. HARDY MACIA DOES NOT WARRANT THAT THE FUNCTIONS CONTAINED IN THE SOFTWARE WILL MEET YOUR REQUIREMENTS, OR THAT THE OPERATION OF THE SOFTWARE WILL BE UNINTERRUPTED OR ERROR-FREE, OR THAT DEFECTS IN THE SOFTWARE AND THE FONTS WILL BE CORRECTED. FURTHERMORE, HARDY MACIA DOES NOT WARRANT OR MAKE ANY REPRESENTATIONS REGARDING THE USE OR THE RESULTS OF THE USE OF THE SOFTWARE AND FONTS OR RELATED DOCUMENTATION IN TERMS OF THEIR CORRECTNESS, ACCURACY, RELIABILITY, OR OTHERWISE. NO ORAL OR WRITTEN INFORMATION OR ADVICE GIVEN BY HARDY MACIA OR AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF HARDY MACIA SHALL CREATE A WARRANTY OR IN ANY WAY INCREASE THE SCOPE OF THIS WARRANTY. SHOULD THE SOFTWARE PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU (AND NOT HARDY MACIA OR AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF HARDY MACIA) ASSUME THE ENTIRE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION. SOME JURISDICTIONS DO NOT ALLOW THE EXCLUSION IF IMPLIED WARRANTIES, SO THE ABOVE EXCLUSION MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU.

7. Limitation of liability. UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE, SHALL HARDY MACIA BE LIABLE FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES THAT RESULT FROM THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE SOFTWARE OR RELATED DOCUMENTATION, EVEN IF HARDY MACIA OR AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF HARDY MACIA HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. SOME JURISDICTIONS DO NOT ALLOW THE LIMITATION OR EXCLUSION OF LIABILITY FOR INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES SO THE ABOVE LIMITATION OR EXCLUSION MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU. In no event shall Hardy Macia's total liability to you for all damages, losses, and causes of action (whether in contract, tort (including negligence) or otherwise) exceed the amount paid by you for the Software and fonts.

8. Controlling Law and Severability. This License shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the United States and the State of California, as applied to agreements entered into and to be performed entirely within California between California residents. If for any reason a court of competent jurisdiction finds any provision of this License, or portion thereof, to be unenforceable, that provision of the License shall be enforced to the maximum extent permissible so as to effect the intent of the parties, and the remainder of this License shall continue in full force and effect.

9. Complete Agreement. This License constitutes the entire agreement between the parties with respect to the use of the Software, related documentation and fonts, and supersedes all prior or conterporaneous understandings or agreements, written or oral, regarding such subject matter. No amendment to or modification of this License will be binding unless in writing and signed by a duly authorized representative of Hardy Macia.

Table Of Contents
About....................................................................................... sorry no page numbers
Installation
Registration
Using AssistCalc
Answer Button and Field
Expression Field
Trig() popup list
Misc() popup list
My() popup list
Save Button
Remove Button
Intelligent Assist
Complex Expressions
Other Notes
Known Problems
Version History

About
I wrote the first version AssistCalc because many people expect the functionality of AssistCalc to be built into the Newton. AssistCalc allows the user to write out (not tap, tap, tap) your expression into the Notepad, tap Assist and AssistCalc will calculate an answer for you. 

Version 2 came about because using Intelligent Assist was just too slow. So, I created an expression field for you to enter your expression into and a formula popup with many of the NewtonScript math functions in it.

Now version 3.0 the first programmable Newton calculator is here. I split up the formula popup in to trig() and misc(), and I created a third menu called my() that is user configurable. You can save over 20 formulas!

Installation
AssistCalc is shipped as a Newton package, which is a Newton program file.  To install the AssistCalc package onto your Newton you will need either the Newton Connection Kit, the Newton Package Downloader, or the equivalent.  Refer to the instructions that came with one of these applications to determine how you need to proceed.

Opening AssistCalc on the Newton
Once you have installed AssistCalc onto your Newton,  simply tap the Extras button, then tap the icon labeled AssistCalc.  

Registration
I’m using an non obtrusive registration procedure unlike my other programs which open a registration reminder screen.  Once you receive the registration number you need to enter it on the field that the answer is displayed in (the field just below the “The Answer Is” button). Once it is entered correctly, you then tap the “$” button and the title will display “Thank you” instead of the “Shareware $10.00”

To register:
Send:
	• Your ‘name field’ as it appears in the extras->prefs->personal->name field,
	• $10.00,
	• Your email address, and
	• The name of the product which you are registering.
	
To:
		Hardy Macia
		P.O. Box 8276
		Essex, VT 05451

I will accept the registration fee in cash, check, or money order. 

If you live outside the US then I will accept foreign currency that is equivalent to $10 US dollars or I will accept a foreign check for the equivalent of $35 US dollars. The additional $25 is to cover my bank’s processing fee.

Compuserve members have can register online GO: SWREG and look for ID:3156.

If you can send NewtonMail then sending your name card to “HardyMacia” would also be appreciated because it will save me the hassle of writing/typing in all of your information. If you have already registered another of my products you do not need to send your card again.

Expression Field
This is where you enter the expression. You can either tap the expresson in with the keypad or you can write it. The field is setup to recognize math input. This means it will recognize numbers and *,-,+,/,) and ).

Some example expressions are: 
	(log(12.4)-log(5.6))/(12.0 - 2.0) 
	2+2 
	4*3 
	sin(30 * 3.14 / 180)  

Answer button and field
After you enter the expression in the expression field you tap the “The Answer Is” button. The answer will be displayed in the field below this button. You can then select the answer and copy it to where you need to use it next.

The following text might also appear in the answer is field:
	“Did not compute” - you might see this if the expression you entered can not be interpretted. 
		- check for  mispelled formulas,
		- check for 2 numbers with out an operator in between them. For example “4 + 5 5 + 2” - you will need to scrub out the space between the 5’s or you will need to insert an operator, or
		- check for decimals that do not start with 0.  You will need to enter “.2” as “0.2”
	“Not A Number” - square root of negative numbers will generate this answer.
	“positive infinity” or “negative infinity” - for instances of +/- ∞ 
	“Division by zero” - you divided by zero.

Trig() popup list

acos(x)
asin(x)
atan(x)
atan2(x,)
cos(x)
cosh(x)
sin(x)
sinh(x)
tan(x)
tanh(x)
hypot(x,y)
quadratic Formula(a,b,c)  

* the sin(),cos(),tan() ... functions want parameters in radians. To convert
degrees to radians multiply the degrees by pi/180.

Misc() popup list
exp(x)
log(x)
log10(x)
pow(x,y)
sqrt(x)
gamma(x)
lgamma(x)
max(a,b)
min(a,b)
ceiling(x)
floor(x)
annuity(rate, periods)
compound(rate,period)
π  { pi} 

My() popup list
This is the user modifiable list

mpg - has variables for miles and for gallons that you can enter and it will calculate m.p.g.

2 variable repeating equations - someone had asked to do this and I have left it in here as an example.

Save Button
The save button will save the expression that is currently in the expression field to the my() popup list, and it will name it to what you have entered in the answer field.

Steps to saving a new formula:
	1. Write formula in the expression field.
	2. Write name of formula in the answer field.
	3. Tap the save button.

Remove Button
Tapping the remove button will popup the list of saved formulas. Just pick the formula you wish to delete from the list.

Intelligent Assist
AssistCalc can use the Intelligent Assistant (Assist button). If you are in the notepad you can write out your expression with a valid synonym, select the expression and tap Assist. 

Valid synonyms for AssistCalc are:
	calc
	compute
	=
	equal

Some examples are for use with the Assist button: 
		= 2 + 2 
		2+2 = 
		calc 3/6 
		sin(45) equal
		compute max(4+3,4*2) 

* Please note, that for the Newton Intelligent Assistant to interpret the equation you MUST have a SPACE between the '=' and the equation.

** If you have a lot of spaces in your expression Intelligent Assist can take over a minute for long expressions. To speed up evaluation of the expression using Assist button try:

	-  Remove all spaces execpt the one space between expression and the synonym. With only the one space Intelligent Assist will only take 3 seconds to interpret your expression.

	- for small expressions with just +,-,*,/ add spaces between all operators and numbers.

	- copy and paste the expression into AssistCalc’s expression field then tap “The Answer Is”.

Examples
Some examples are for use within AssistCalc package: 

		(log(12.4)-log(5.6))/(12.0 - 2.0) 
		2+2 
		4*3 
		sin(30 * 3.14 / 180)          /* 3.14/180 is needed to convert 30°  into radians */

Complex formula building:
Because you can use Newton script you can do the following:
  	x := 1;
  	y := 2;
  	(x-y)/(x+y)

This can be usefull if you have an expression that you want to plug
multiple values into to find a bunch of answers. You only need to change 'x'
in one place and then recalculate.

If you have problems creating a formula contact me and I’ll help you.

Other Notes
Some users have found that they can execute other Newton internal
functions. For example reboot(). If you do this you do so at your own risk. Some of these functions can really screw up your Newton. Please only use the documented functions.

Known Problems
The only 2 known problems. 

The first is the lack of documentation which this manual is trying to correct. I will release another version with the popup trig() and misc() functions documented.

The second is the selecting items out of the popups when a keyboard is opened will result in vertical bars being drawn and then the expression will replace the vertical bars. I do have a work around for this, but it is slow. When I get time to work on another work around I will impletment that.

Version History

3.1 - 8/9/94 -
	fixed error when user tried writing in expression field
	save expression in prefs

3.0 - 7/31/94 -
	Seperated popup menus into 2 groups and added 3rd popup called my().
	My() is an editable popup so you can store your formulas
	Numeric keypad is opened up and positions for you

2.2 - 5/17/94 - (nothing major, but I felt like releasing an update)
	Added keyboard button in the status bar
	Items selected out of the formula popup it will be inserted into the last cursor position.
	Changed a little bit of how things were being displayed.
	Cieling is now spelled Ceiling.

2.01 - 12/19/93 - Added a popup template. Handles +/- infinity and non
numbers conditions. sqrt(-1) is 'i'. AssistCalc will give you an answer of 'Not A Number'. The AssistCalc window is now dragable <- to support rumored slates.

2.0 - 12/09/93 - Added an expression field to the AssistCalc appliction to
bypass the Intelligent Assistant thereby, speeding up processing of expression. This expression field has a  custom dictionary associated with it consisting of the above defined functions.

1.01 - 12/05/93 - Answer window is no longer moveable. I decided that being able to copy the answer was more important than being able to see behind the window.

1.0 - 12/04/93 - First release