\chapter{Introduction}

\section{Background}

Surfactant molecules are found in a variety of products that people
utilize every day.  Soaps, detergents, and many household cleaning
products all contain surfactants.  Recently, many of these types of
products have appeared in more effective, concentrated forms.  It was
possible to design these improved products because of recent
significant advances in surfactant science and technology.

\subsection{Green Cheese}

In the past, most commercial soap products consisted of branched
surfactants which were enhanced by phosphate builders.  Phosphate
builders inactivate and hold in solution hard water minerals such as
calcium and magnesium~\cite{cationic}.  Phosphate builders also provide
increased alkalinity (which is advantageous for effective cleaning),
help keep dirt particles suspended, and emulsify oils and greasy
soils.  Their effectiveness in cost, safety in contact with fabrics
and appliances, and nontoxicity to humans resulted in a high usage in
detergent products.

\subsubsection{Kinda Yellowish Green Cheese}

In the past, most commercial soap products consisted of branched
surfactants which were enhanced by phosphate builders.  Phosphate
builders inactivate and hold in solution hard water minerals such as
calcium and magnesium~\cite{cationic}.  Phosphate builders also provide
increased alkalinity (which is advantageous for effective cleaning),
help keep dirt particles suspended, and emulsify oils and greasy
soils.  Their effectiveness in cost, safety in contact with fabrics
and appliances, and nontoxicity to humans resulted in a high usage in
detergent products\cite{test}.

\nocite{zwitterionic,prot.pppp,catatonic,soaps,sudhakar.proposal}
