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\section*{Kludgey Athena-Linux installation instructions}

Many students have machines that are not compatible with the SIPB
installer.  Until a new self-contained installer is developed, you can
use the instructions here to piggy-back from a fresh stock RedHat
install to an Athena-Linux workstation.  These instructions should work
for most x86 machines.  For most purposes, that means machines that have
an Intel or AMD CPU) that the stock RedHat 7.1 installer works on.

There are some options in the stock installer that you really don't
want, and a couple of things that really need to be done during
installation for full compatibility with Athena.  So follow the
instructions carefully!  These sorts of documents always tell you to
read them entirely before starting, but this time I really mean it.  In
particular, don't try to run the scripts the instructions mention on any
RedHat installation which you've already gone to some effort to
configure---you may lose all those configurations, and it probably
won't work anyway.

These instructions assume you have a floppy drive on the machine you're
installing.  If you don't, but can use some other medium to do a stock
install of the version of RedHat that Athena's based on (currently 7.1),
then you should be able to follow most of the instructions up to step
\ref{athenafy}, which basically runs the
script in {\tt \publishedLocation/install.sh} after rebooting.  If you
can find some way of transferring this script from Athena to the machine
you're installing and then running it, then you should be all set.

\begin{enumerate}

\item
   If you want your machine to run windows, as well as Athena, install
   Windows first, and on the way create a partition that you'll be able
   to install linux on.  I've never installed Windows, so you'll have to
   look elsewhere for advice on installing it.

\item
   Register your computer with MIT's network.  If you live in a dorm,
   you can arrange for registration from the web page rcc.mit.edu.
   Otherwise, you'll need to register your machine for dhcp at N42.

\item\label{floppy} 
   Get a floppy you can overwrite, go to an Athena workstation, and run
   the commands 
%
   {\tt add linux; /mit/linux/rh-7.1/install-test/kludgey-install-floppy}.  
%
   It will ask you to insert the floppy and turn it into an install disk
   for you.

\item
   If there is data on the machine that you care about, even if it's on
   a partition that you don't intend to format during this install, I
   {\em strongly} recommend backing it up elsewhere.

\item
   Insert said floppy in the machine you wish to install Athena-Linux
   on, and reboot it.  

\item
   Eventually a screen asking which language to perform the install in
   will come up.  Just hit return if you want English.  Do the same for
   the next page, which will ask you to specify your keyboard type.

\item\label{network}
   Next will be the ``Installation Method'' page.  Press the down arrow
   until the ``HTTP'' option is highlighted, and hit return.  This will
   take you to the ``Configure TCP/IP'' page.  If your machine is set up
   for DHCP, turn on the ``Use dynamic IP configuration'' checkbox by
   hitting the spacebar, then hit return to go to the next page.
   Otherwise, leave the DHCP checkbox blank, and fill in the fields
   below it.  If you're a student living on campus, you probably got
   mail with the information you need when you applied to your RCC to
   get your machine on the network.  If you don't have that mail
   available, the following table maybe helpful:

   \begin{tabular}{|l|r|r|r|}
      \hline
   	 Parameter  & Form              & Example           & Yours                               \\
      \hline			  		      	    
   	 IP Address & {\tt 18.b.c.d}    & {\tt 18.20.0.153} & {\tt 18.\_\_\_\_.\_\_\_\_.\_\_\_\_} \\
   	 Netmask    & {\tt 255.255.0.0} & {\tt 255.255.0.0} & {\tt 255.255.0.0}                   \\
   	 Gateway    & {\tt 18.b.0.1}    & {\tt 18.20.0.1}   & {\tt 18.\_\_\_\_.0.1}               \\
      \hline
   \end{tabular}


   You should enter your machine's IP address in the ``IP address''
   field.  Enter {\tt 255.255.0.0} in the ``Netmask'' field (note that
   this is different from the default value.)  For the ``Default
   gateway'' field, let's say your IP address is {\tt 18.X.Y.Z}.  Enter
   {\tt 18.X.0.1}, where you should replace the {\tt X} with whatever
   the second number in your IP address is.  Enter {\tt 18.70.0.160} in
   the ``Primary DNS'' field.  Then hit return a couple of times to go
   to the ``HTTP Setup'' page.
   
\item
   Enter {\tt www.mit.edu} in the ``Web site name'' field, and
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   \[\mbox{\tt \imageLocation}\]
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   for the ``Red Hat directory'' field.  Hit return a couple of times
   until it says it's mounting the ramdisk.

\item
   After a little while, the second-stage installer will start.  Hit
   return to get to the ``Installation Type'' page.  Hit return to
   choose the default ``Custom'' option.

\item
   Next, it'll ask you if you want the hard drive to be partitioned
   automatically.  You should choose ``Manually partition'', and then on
   the next page choose ``Disk Druid''.  At this point, you'll need to
   be a bit flexible if you're installing your machine so that it can
   boot into other operating systems.  Delete any partitions that are
   {\em not} associated with the other operating systems you're going to
   be installing.  Usually, this means leaving alone any partitions that
   are labelled with something like ``FAT'' or ``NTFS''.  You delete a
   partion by choosing its entry with the arrow keys, and then choosing
   ``Delete'' with the Tab key.  Choose carefully---any data stored on
   a partition you choose to erase will of course be erased itself.

   Now, add the following partitions:

   Create a swap partition: choose ``Add'', then set the ``Type'' option
   in the middle of the dialogue this opens to ``Linux swap''.  Then
   enter the size you want in the ``Size'' field.  Usually, 1.5 times
   your available memory is a sensible size.  Then click the ``OK''
   button in the dialogue which has popped up.

   Next, add an AFS cache partition.  This is essential for proper
   interaction with Athena's networked file system.  If you get this
   wrong, you get to start over when the install's done, so take care.
   Choose ``Add'' again and specify {\tt /usr/vice/cache} for the mount
   point.  Set the size to 200M.  Set the ``Type'' to ``Linux Native''.

   Finally, add the root partition.  Choose ``Add'' again, then turn on
   the ``Use Remaining Space?'' check box.  Set The ``Type'' to
   ``Linux Native'', and the ``Mount Point'' to ``/''.

\item
   Choose ``OK'' and make sure that the {\tt /} and {\tt
   /usr/vice/cache} partitions are selected for formatting.  Then choose
   ``OK'' again, and make sure that the Hostname is set properly.  If
   it's not, it's likely that you typo'ed the IP address when you were
   setting the network.  If so, you should probably start the install
   over.

\item
   Choose ``OK'' to skip past the next couple of ``Lilo Configuration''
   pages.

\item
   On the ``Hostname Configuration'' page, check that the name its
   selected is the name that's been assigned to your machine.  If it's
   different, it's likely that you typo'ed the IP address in step
   \ref{network}, and you should probably start the install over.
   Otherwise, you might end up in conflict with another machine for the
   IP address you're accidentally using.

\item
   Next is the ``Firewall Configuration'' page.  Select the ``No
   Firewall'' option.  The firewall rules RedHat defaults to are
   stupidly paranoid because they often provide very insecure network
   services, and we're not going to use them.

\item
   On the next three pages set your mouse type, the languages to
   install, and your time zone.  The default settings should be adequate
   for most people.

\item
   Now enter a root password.  Don't use the root password for the
   Athena cluster machines, and don't use your Athena password.  Make
   something up that will be hard to guess, because your machine will be
   a target for random crackers by virtue of being on mit.edu.  Choosing
   a good password is trickier than it at first seems, and most people
   make poor choices if they aren't aware of the automated methods by
   which passwords can be guessed.  See
%
   {\tt http://www.mit.edu/sipb/doc/passwords.ps} if you're not sure how
   to do this.

   Just skip the ``Add User'' page that follows.  You can add a local
   user later, if need be.  Also skip the ``Authentication
   Configuration'' page after that without changing any of its settings.

\item
   On the ``Selecting Package Groups'', just turn everything off.  Any
   resemblance between the packages you choose here and the final state
   of your machine will be purely coincidental, so anything you turn on
   here will do nothing for you but lengthen your install.

   The next page starts the install itself, which will take 20 min or so
   to complete, depending on your system and the speed of the network.

\item
   After the install, you'll be asked if you want to make a boot
   floppy.  I strongly recommend that you do so, as it's bound to come
   in handy later.

\item\label{athenafy}
   When you get to the end of the installer, it'll reboot your machine.
   Make sure you take out the floppy disk during the reboot, or you'll
   wind up at the start of the install process again.  (If you make this
   mistake, not to worry---just take the floppy out and reboot again.)

   After it's rebooted, log in as root, reinsert the floppy, and run the
   commands:

   {\tt mount /mnt/floppy} \\
   {\tt sh /mnt/floppy/install.sh}

   These commands will take 20 minutes or so to run after that,
   depending on your machine and the speed of the network.

\item
   The last thing you need to do is configure the graphics on your
   machine.  To this end, you'll be dropped into Xconfigurator.  It
   looks a lot like the installer, and you can move between pages in the
   same way, for the most part.  Mainly, you want to tell it your
   monitor (for a laptop, pick the ``Generic LCD'' option) and the
   resolution and color depth to display.  The other settings should
   have reasonable defaults.  Make sure you use the ``Check X
   configuration'' option, and that a graphically oriented page is
   displayed when you do -- if it's not, you probably need to go back
   and play with your settings a bit.  When you run this option
   successfully, it'll ask you if you'd like to configure your machine
   so that it boots into X on startup.  You should click ``Yes'' here.

   % Is it really necessary to click ``Yes'' to this question?  I
   % haven't tested it, and it may be handled by the rpmupdate install.

\item
   Once that's done, run {\tt reboot} to reboot the machine.  If all
   goes well, you'll have an Athena Workstation!

\end{enumerate}

Don't forget to have a look at the Private Workstation
Owner's Guide for more information on how you can configure your
workstation.  You can find the PWOG at {\tt
http://web.mit.edu/olh/Private}.

You should consider registering your machine at
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\[\mbox{\tt http://web.mit.edu/acs/athena-pws-reg.html,}\]
%
so that your machine can be automatically updated when revisions to
Athena become available.

Good luck!

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