print.default              package:base              R Documentation

_D_e_f_a_u_l_t _P_r_i_n_t_i_n_g

_D_e_s_c_r_i_p_t_i_o_n:

     'print.default' is the _default_ method of the generic 'print'
     function which prints its argument.

_U_s_a_g_e:

     ## Default S3 method:
     print(x, digits = NULL, quote = TRUE, na.print = NULL,
           print.gap = NULL, right = FALSE, ...)

_A_r_g_u_m_e_n_t_s:

       x: the object to be printed.

  digits: a non-null value for 'digits' specifies the minimum number of
          significant digits to be printed in values.   The default,
          'NULL', uses 'getOption(digits)'.  (For the intepretation for
          complex numbers see 'signif'.)

   quote: logical, indicating whether or not strings ('character's)
          should be printed with surrounding quotes.

na.print: a character string which is used to indicate 'NA' values in
          printed output, or 'NULL' (see Details)

print.gap: a non-negative integer <= 1024, giving the spacing between
          adjacent "columns" in printed vectors, matrices and arrays,
          or 'NULL' meaning 1.

   right: logical, indicating whether or not strings should be
          right-aligned. The default is left-alignment.

     ...: further arguments to be passed to or from other methods. They
          are ignored in this function.

_D_e_t_a_i_l_s:

     The default for printing 'NA's is to print 'NA' (without quotes)
     unless this is a character 'NA' _and_ 'quote = FALSE', when '<NA>'
     is printed.

     The same number of decimal places is used throughout a vector, 
     This means that 'digits' specifies the minimum number of
     significant digits to be used, and that at least one entry will be
     encoded with that minimum number.  However, if all the encoded
     elements then have trailing zeroes, the number of decimal places
     is reduced until at least one element has a non-zero final digit.

     Attributes are printed respecting their class(es), using the
     values of 'digits' to 'print.default', but using the default
     values (for the methods called) of the other arguments.

     When the 'methods' package is attached, 'print' will call 'show'
     for R objects with formal classes if called with no optional
     arguments.

     If a non-printable character is encountered during output, it is
     represented as one of the ANSI escape sequences ('\a', '\b', '\f',
     '\n', '\r', '\t', '\v' and '\0'), or failing that as a 3-digit
     octal code: for example the UK currency pound in the C locale (if
     implemented correctly) is printed as '\243'.  Which characters are
     non-printable depends on the locale.

_U_n_i_c_o_d_e  _a_n_d _o_t_h_e_r _m_u_l_t_i-_b_y_t_e _l_o_c_a_l_e_s:

     In a Unicode (UTF-8) locale, characters '0x00' to '0x1F' and
     '0x7f' (the ASCII non-printing characters) are printed in the same
     way, via ANSI escape sequences or 3-digit octal escapes.
     Multi-byte non-printing characters are printed with as an escape
     sequence of the form '\uxxxx' or '\Uxxxxxxxx' (in hexadecimal).

     It is possible to have a character string in an object that is not
     valid UTF-8.  If a byte is encountered that is not part of an
     encoded Unicode character it is printed in hex in the form '<xx>'
     and the next character is tried.

_S_e_e _A_l_s_o:

     The generic 'print', 'options'. The '"noquote"' class and print
     method.

     'encodeString'.

_E_x_a_m_p_l_e_s:

     pi
     print(pi, digits = 16)
     LETTERS[1:16]
     print(LETTERS, quote = FALSE)