ADD(1) User Commands ADD(1) NAME add - attach a filesystem, add it to your path and manpath SYNOPSIS add [ options ] filesystemname filesystemname ... DESCRIPTION _a_d_d is an alias provided by the standard Athena dotfiles. It is intended to make the process of using software that is stored in remote filesystems easier. In normal use, it requires one argument, the name of a filesystem to _a_d_d. In that case, it adds the appropriate binary directory (arch/pmax_ul4/bin, decmipsbin, etc.) to the end of your command search path so that you can find programs in the locker, and adds the man directory to your MANPATH so that _m_a_n can find manpages that may be installed in that filesys- tem. (See _l_o_c_k_e_r_s(7) for suggestions on how to organize and maintain lockers.) When no arguments are used, _a_d_d will print out the (possibly abbreviated) value of the user's PATH variable. This is equivalent to specifying the -_v option. _a_d_d may also take multiple filesystem arguments. In this case, _a_d_d _l_o_c_k_e_r_1 _l_o_c_k_e_r_2 _l_o_c_k_e_r_3 is functionally equivalent to, though more efficient than, _a_d_d _l_o_c_k_e_r_1; _a_d_d _l_o_c_k_e_r_2; _a_d_d _l_o_c_k_e_r_3. Thus when adding lockers to the front of your PATH, they will appear as _l_o_c_k_e_r_3 _l_o_c_k_e_r_2 _l_o_c_k_e_r_1 at the front of your PATH. _a_d_d may be used interactively while logged in, or in your ~/.environment file. Typing "alias add" will reveal that it is an alias which sources the csh script /_u_s_r/_a_t_h_e_n_a/_l_i_b/_i_n_i_t/_a_d_d. OPTIONS _a_d_d accepts the following options: -f _a_d_d normally adds lockers to the end of your path. This option causes it to add lockers to the front of your path instead. This is useful when you want to cause programs in the lockers to replace pro- grams found in other places, such as on the system packs. You usually want lockers added to the end of your path, however, to prevent the possibility of locker maintainers replacing important binaries with things you don't expect. MIT Athena Last change: 1 December 1994 1 ADD(1) User Commands ADD(1) -w This option causes _a_d_d to warn you in the event a locker you have asked to be added does not support your platform. A binary directory will not be added to your PATH, but if a man directory exists it will still be added to your MANPATH. _a_d_d normally says nothing in this case. -d This option causes _a_d_d to generate debugging out- put relating to the changes it is making to the user's PATH and MANPATH. -v -v0 By default, -_v causes _a_d_d to display the output of attach for the user, which is normally suppressed. It also, by default, turns on debugging output (above). If _a_d_d is running in _n_e_w mode, debugging is not turned on (see -_n below). -_v_0 never turns on debugging output. Verbose mode works by invoking _a_t_t_a_c_h twice - once for output to the user, and once for output to _a_d_d itself to find out where the locker is mounted. -n This option specifies that _a_d_d should not engage in potentially disagreeable backwards-compatibility behavior. Specifically, it causes the -_v option to not turn on debugging output. -p This option causes _a_d_d to print the contents of the user's PATH. In the case where a path element is of the form /mit/foo/arch/pmax_ul4/bin, _a_d_d sub- stitutes the string {add foo} for that path ele- ment. This serves to shorten and make more readable the user's PATH. -e This option is used for supporting the use of _a_d_d in the user's ~/.environment file. The user need never specify this option as that is taken care of by a special version of the alias that is in effect when the .environment file is run. This option causes _a_d_d to modify the shell variables _a_t_h_e_n_a__p_a_t_h and _a_t_h_e_n_a__m_a_n_p_a_t_h instead of the environment variables PATH and MANPATH as it nor- mally does. -a This option causes _a_d_d to pass all remaining options on the command line directly to _a_t_t_a_c_h. This is useful for passing flags meant to be inter- preted by _a_t_t_a_c_h and not by _a_d_d. MIT Athena Last change: 1 December 1994 2 ADD(1) User Commands ADD(1) VARIABLES The shell variable _a_d_d__f_l_a_g_s may be set to specify default flags that _a_d_d is intended to use for all commands. For example, if you desire that attach always be verbose and give warnings for lockers that do not have binary direc- tories supporting your platform, you might put a ``set add_flags = "-v -w"'' in your ~/.cshrc.mine file. FILES /usr/athena/lib/init/cshrc global Athena cshrc file /usr/athena/lib/init/add the script the add alias calls ~/.cshrc user's cshrc file SEE ALSO attach(1), man(1), csh(1), lockers(7) BUGS ``_a_d_d -a -v foo'' and other similar commands attempting to modify the output behaviour of _a_t_t_a_c_h directly will cause _a_d_d to fail. Such options will override the -p that _a_d_d passes to _a_t_t_a_c_h. This is because _a_d_d does not attempt to insert the -p between _a_t_t_a_c_h's flags and lockernames; it places it first. Since _a_d_d does not parse the arguments to _a_t_t_a_c_h, and because _a_t_t_a_c_h may return ambiguous error codes (in the case of attempting to attach multiple lockers), _a_d_d's behavior may be suboptimal in certain situations. For example, ``_a_d_d -v sdjfb'' will invoke _a_t_t_a_c_h twice, even though the first time returned an error, because it doesn't know any better. MIT Athena Last change: 1 December 1994 3