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\begin{document}

\title	{NYSERNet WHITE PAGES\\ PILOT PROJECT}
\author	{Marshall T.~Rose\\ NYSERNet, Inc.}
\date	{October 26, 1989}
\maketitlepage


\begin{bwslide}
\part*	{OUTLINE}\bf

\begin{description}
\item[PART I:]		THE WHITE PAGES

\item[PART II:]		ACCESSING THE SERVICE

\item[PART III:]	THE FUTURE
\end{description}
\end{bwslide}


\begin{bwslide}
\ctitle	{SUMMARY}

\begin{nrtc}
\item	A LARGE DISTRIBUTED INFORMATION SERVICE INVOLVING ADMINISTRATION BY
	DIFFERENT ORGANIZATIONS

\item	THE FIRST PRODUCTION-QUALITY FIELD TEST OF THE OSI DIRECTORY (X.500)

\item	THE FIRST LARGE SCALE PRODUCTION APPLICATION OF OSI TECHNOLOGY ON TOP
	OF THE TCP/IP SUITE OF PROTOCOLS
\end{nrtc}
\end{bwslide}


\begin{bwslide}
\part	{THE WHITE PAGES}\bf

\begin{nrtc}
\item	INTRODUCTION

\item	RELATION TO OSI DIRECTORY

\item	REALIZING THE WHITE PAGES SERVICE
\end{nrtc}
\end{bwslide}


\begin{bwslide}
\part*	{INTRODUCTION}\bf

\begin{nrtc}
\item	NETWORKS PROVIDE THE INFRASTRUCTURE BETWEEN USERS

\item	NEED INFRASTRUCTURAL INFORMATION TO FACILITATE INTERACTIONS
    \begin{nrtc}
    \item	e.g., E-MAIL ADDRESSES
    \end{nrtc}

\item	WHITE PAGES CONTAIN 
    \begin{nrtc}
    \item	\emph{INFRASTRUCTURAL INFORMATION}
    \end{nrtc}
\end{nrtc}
\end{bwslide}


\begin{bwslide}
\ctitle	{WHITE PAGES IN THE REAL WORLD}

\begin{nrtc}
\item	THE TELEPHONE BOOK IS THE BEST EXAMPLE

\item	MANY PROVEN FEATURES:
    \begin{nrtc}
    \item	MULTIPLE TYPES OF INFORMATION 
	\begin{nrtc}
	\item	(USEFUL IN FINDING THE ``RIGHT'' ENTRY)
	\end{nrtc}

    \item	YELLOW PAGES KEYED BY BUSINESS SERVICE

    \item	LOCALITY OF INFORMATION

    \item	DIRECTORY ASSISTANCE
	\begin{nrtc}
	\item	(IMPRECISE MATCHING)
	\end{nrtc}
    \end{nrtc}
\end{nrtc}
\end{bwslide}


\begin{bwslide}
\ctitle{WHITE PAGES IN THE COMPUTER WORLD}

\begin{nrtc}
\item	CONTAINS TELEPHONE BOOK INFORMATION
    \begin{nrtc}
    \item	ALONG WITH LOCAL ``PHONE'' INFORMATION

    \item	SUGGESTS BOTH LOCALITY AND ACCESS CONTROL
    \end{nrtc}

\item	CONTAINS NETWORK-SPECIFIC INFORMATION
    \begin{nrtc}
    \item	E-MAIL ADDRESSES

    \item	PRIVATE MAIL

    \item	NETWORK MANAGEMENT
    \end{nrtc}

\item	ULTIMATELY: ``THE'' REPOSITORY OF ALL SYSTEM AND
	NETWORK ADMINISTRATIVE INFORMATION
\end{nrtc}
\end{bwslide}


\begin{bwslide}
\ctitle	{A SMALL DISTINCTION}

\begin{nrtc}
\item	WHITE PAGES IMPLIES SEARCH BASED ON \emph{NAME}

\item	YELLOW PAGES IMPLIES SEARCH BASED ON \emph{ATTRIBUTES}

\item	NETWORK SERVICE HAS FEATURES OF BOTH
    \begin{nrtc}
    \item	PERHAPS \emph{RAINBOW PAGES}$^{\hbox{\tiny TM}}$ IS BETTER TERM
    \end{nrtc}
\end{nrtc}
\end{bwslide}


\begin{bwslide}
\part*	{RELATION TO OSI DIRECTORY}\bf

\begin{nrtc}
\item	NEED THREE THINGS TO IMPLEMENT THE SERVICE
    \begin{nrtc}
    \item	OSI INFRASTRUCTURE

    \item	OSI DIRECTORY

    \item	WHITE PAGES ABSTRACTION
    \end{nrtc}

\item	ISODE PROVIDES OSI INFRASTRUCTURE

\item	QUIPU PROVIDES OSI DIRECTORY

\item	NOW NEED TO SEE HOW DIRECTORY \emph{TECHNOLOGY} INFLUENCES
	WHITE PAGES \emph{SERVICE}
\end{nrtc}
\end{bwslide}


\begin{bwslide}
\ctitle	{RAMIFICATION 1:\\ UNIQUE IDENTIFICATION OF USERS}

\begin{nrtc}
\item	EACH ENTRY IN THE WHITE PAGES IS IDENTIFIED BY A \emph{HANDLE}

\item	ONE TO ONE MAPPING BETWEEN ENTRIES IN DIRECTORY AND WHITE PAGES

\item	USE DIRECTORY DISTINQUISHED NAME, e.g.,
\begin{quote}\begin{verbatim}
c=US
    @o=NYSERNet Inc.
    @ou=Research and Development
    @ou=Western Development Office
    @cn=Marshall Rose
\end{verbatim}\end{quote}
FOR WHITE PAGES HANDLE
\end{nrtc}
\end{bwslide}


\begin{bwslide}
\ctitle	{RAMIFICATION 2:\\ SEARCHING THE WHITE PAGES}

\begin{nrtc}
\item	SEARCHES OCCUR RELATIVE TO AN AREA

\item	INTERACTIVE MODEL
    \begin{nrtc}
    \item	FIRST, IDENTIFY AREAS LIKELY TO CONTAIN INFORMATION

    \item	SECOND, SEARCH AREAS
    \end{nrtc}

\item	SINCE AREAS ARE JUST PARTS OF THE DIRECTORY,
	BOTH STEPS INVOLVE SEARCHING

\item	USER INTERFACE PROVIDES SIMPLE SYNTAX FOR DOING BOTH AUTOMATICALLY
\end{nrtc}
\end{bwslide}


\begin{bwslide}
\ctitle	{RAMIFICATION 3:\\ STRUCTURE OF INFORMATION}

\begin{nrtc}
\item	INFORMATION IS STRUCTURED USING ASN.1:
    \begin{nrtc}
    \item	FORMAL DEFINITION

    \item	DIRECTORY ENFORCES SYNTAX

    \item	USERS ENFORCE SEMANTICS
    \end{nrtc}

\item	IT'S ALL BINARY
    \begin{nrtc}
    \item	SO USER INTERFACE MUST SELECT PLEASING OUTPUT STRATEGY

    \item	(UNLIKE MOST INTERNET-STYLE INTERFACES)
    \end{nrtc}
\end{nrtc}
\end{bwslide}


\begin{bwslide}
\part*	{REALIZING THE WHITE PAGES SERVICE}\bf

\begin{nrtc}
\item	PILOT COMMUNITY IS NYSERNet MEMBERSHIP
    \begin{nrtc}
    \item	AND BROAD INTERNET COMMUNITY
    \end{nrtc}

\item	ISODE PROVIDES OSI INFRASTRUCTURE OVER TCP/IP USING RFC1006

\item	THE WHITE PAGES ABSTRACTION
    \begin{nrtc}
    \item	ADMINISTRATIVE DISCIPLINE

    \item	USER INTERFACE
    \end{nrtc}
\end{nrtc}
\end{bwslide}


\begin{bwslide}
\ctitle	{ADMINISTRATIVE DISCIPLINE}

\begin{nrtc}
\item	BASED ON THE FOUR MODELS OF THE DIRECTORY
    \begin{nrtc}
    \item	INFORMATIONAL PERSPECTIVE

    \item	FUNCTIONAL PERSPECTIVE

    \item	ORGANIZATIONAL PERSPECTIVE

    \item	SECURITY PERSPECTIVE
    \end{nrtc}
\end{nrtc}
\end{bwslide}


\begin{bwslide}
\ctitle	{INFORMATIONAL PERSPECTIVE}

\begin{nrtc}
\item	EACH ENTRY IN THE WHITE PAGES CORRESPONDS TO AN ENTRY IN THE OSI
	DIRECTORY

\item	SINCE DISTINGUISHED NAMES ARE HIERARCHICAL,
	SO ARE HANDLES IN THE WHITE PAGES 

\item	ONLY LIMITED INFORMATION TYPES SUPPORTED
    \begin{nrtc}
    \item	ORGANIZATIONS

    \item	ORGANIZATIONAL UNITS AND ROLES

    \item	LOCALITIES

    \item	PERSONS
    \end{nrtc}
\end{nrtc}
\end{bwslide}


\begin{bwslide}
\ctitle	{ATTRIBUTE TYPES FOR PERSONS}\small

\[\begin{tabular}{lll}
commonName&		    physicalDeliveryOfficeName&	stateOrProvinceName\\
description&		    photo&			streetAddress\\
facsimileTelephoneNumber&   postOfficeBox&		surName\\
favouriteDrink&		    postalAddress&		telephoneNumber\\
mobileTelephoneNumber&      postalCode&			title\\
otherMailbox&		    rfc822Mailbox&		userPassword\\
pagerTelephoneNumber&	    roomNumber&			userid
\end{tabular}\]
\end{bwslide}


\begin{bwslide}
\ctitle	{FUNCTIONAL PERSPECTIVE}

\begin{nrtc}
\item	DUA CONTACTS DSA FOR INFORMATION

\item	IF DSA DOES NOT HAVE INFORMATION RESIDENT,
	IT EITHER
    \begin{nrtc}
    \item	\emph{CHAINS} REQUEST TO A DSA CLOSER TO THE INFORMATION

    \item	\emph{REFERS} DUA TO A DSA CLOSER TO THE INFORMATION
    \end{nrtc}

\item	WHAT DOES \emph{RESIDENT} MEAN?
\end{nrtc}
\end{bwslide}


\begin{bwslide}
\ctitle	{ENTRY DATA BLOCK}

\begin{nrtc}
\item	AN ENTRY DATA BLOCK (OR BLOCK) CONSISTS OF A SMALL PORTION OF THE TREE
    \begin{nrtc}
    \item	THE NAMES AND ATTRIBUTES OF THE IMMEDIATE CHILDREN OF OF A
		PARTICULAR NODE
    \end{nrtc}

\item	THREE KINDS OF BLOCKS
    \begin{nrtc}
    \item	SLAVE COPY: COMPLETE AND AUTHORITATIVE
	\begin{nrtc}
	\item	REGULARLY UPDATED FROM UPSTREAM DSA
	\end{nrtc}

    \item	CACHE COPY: POSSIBLY PARTIAL INFORMATION
	\begin{nrtc}
	\item	INFORMATION DETERMINED FROM CHAINING

        \item	INVALIDATED RELATIVE QUICKLY
	\end{nrtc}

    \item	MASTER COPY: THE ORIGINAL
    \end{nrtc}
\end{nrtc}
\end{bwslide}


\begin{bwslide}
\ctitle	{THE RESIDENCY REQUIREMENT}

\[\small\begin{tabular}{rl}
\bf OPERATION REQUESTED&
		\bf COPY REQUIRED FOR RESIDENCY\\
READ, COMPARE&	MASTER, SLAVE, OR CACHE\\
LIST, SEARCH&	MASTER, OR SLAVE\\
UPDATE&		MASTER\\
\end{tabular}\]

\begin{nrtc}
\item	IN ORDER TO IMPROVE SEARCHING,
	SLAVE COPIES OF THE ROOT and \verb"c=US" ARE KEPT AT EACH DSA

\item	UPDATES STILL RELY ON CENTRALIZED ENTITY
\end{nrtc}
\end{bwslide}


\begin{bwslide}
\ctitle	{ORGANIZATIONAL PERSPECTIVE}

\begin{nrtc}
\item	RESPONSIBILITY FOR INFORMATION DIVIDED INTO DIRECTORY MANAGEMENT
	DOMAINS (DMDs)

\item	LEVEL-0: HIGHLY-AVAILABLE AUTHORITATIVE SERVERS
    \begin{nrtc}
    \item	ROOT

    \item	\verb"c=US"
    \end{nrtc}

\item	LEVEL-1: AUTHORITATIVE SERVER FOR EACH ORGANIZATION

\item	LEVEL-2: OVERFLOW DSAs FOR AN ORGANIZATION
    \begin{nrtc}
    \item	USE NOT RECOMMENDED AT PRESENT
    \end{nrtc}
\end{nrtc}
\end{bwslide}


\begin{bwslide}
\ctitle	{TOPOLOGY OF THE PILOT PROJECT}

\vskip.5in
\diagram[p]{figureW-2}
\end{bwslide}


\begin{bwslide}
\ctitle	{SECURITY PERSPECTIVE}

\begin{nrtc}
\item	\emph{SIMPLE} SECURITY MODEL (PASSWORD-BASED)
    \begin{nrtc}
    \item	WON'T TOUCH \emph{STRONG} SECURITY MODEL WHICH USES PKS
    \end{nrtc}

\item	ACCESS CONTROL LISTS
    \begin{nrtc}
    \item	NONE, DETECT, COMPARE, READ, ADD, WRITE
    \end{nrtc}
    FOR ENTRIES, ATTRIBUTES, AND CHILDREN

\item	PASSWORDS MUST NOT BE REPLICATED OUTSIDE OF ORGANIZATION'S DMD
\end{nrtc}
\end{bwslide}



\begin{bwslide}
\part	{ACCESSING THE SERVICE}\bf

\begin{nrtc}
\item	FRED

\item	FACES

\item	MH
\end{nrtc}
\end{bwslide}


\begin{bwslide}
\part*	{FRED}\bf

\begin{nrtc}
\item	BASED ON SRI-NIC WHOIS SERVICE
    \begin{nrtc}
    \item	EXPERIENCE SHOWS SYNTAX IS WELL-LIKED

    \item	TRAINING PROBLEM REDUCED
    \end{nrtc}

\item	INTERACTIVE PROGRAM
    \begin{nrtc}
    \item	ALSO AVAILABLE VIA NETWORK AND MAIL
    \end{nrtc}
\end{nrtc}
\end{bwslide}


\begin{bwslide}
\ctitle	{WHOIS COMMAND}

{\small\begin{verbatim}
whois input-field [record-type] [area-designator] [output-control]
\end{verbatim}}

\begin{nrtc}
\item	PARTIAL NAME, e.g.,
    \begin{nrtc}
    \item	\verb"rose"
    \end{nrtc}

\item	FULLY-QUALIFIED HANDLE, e.g.,
    \begin{nrtc}
    \item	 \verb"@c=US@cn=Manager" OR \verb"!1"
    \end{nrtc}

\item	MAILBOX SPECIFICATION, e.g.,
    \begin{nrtc}
    \item	\verb"mrose@nisc.nyser.net"
    \end{nrtc}
\end{nrtc}
\end{bwslide}


\begin{bwslide}
\ctitle	{MATCHING RULES}

\begin{nrtc}
\item	IF ``\verb"*"''-SIGN PRESENT, USE WILDCARDING, ELSE

\item	IF USER WANTS IMPRECISE MATCHING, USE SOUNDEX, ELSE

\item	IF USER WANTS SURNAME MATCHING, LOOK THERE, ELSE

\item	FORCE LIBERAL WILDCARDING, e.g., \verb"*rose*"
\end{nrtc}
\end{bwslide}


\begin{bwslide}
\ctitle	{ALTERNATE QUERY FORMS}

\begin{nrtc}
\item	USE THE \verb"-title" SWITCH WHEN LOOKING FOR PEOPLE

\item	FOR EXAMPLE,
\begin{quote}\small\begin{verbatim}
whois rose -title scientist
\end{verbatim}\end{quote}
LOOKS FOR SOMEONE NAMED \verb"rose" WHO IS A SCIENTIST

\item	WHILE
\begin{quote}\small\begin{verbatim}
whois -title operator
\end{verbatim}\end{quote}
LOOKS FOR ANYONE WHO IS AN OPERATOR

\item	SEARCHES ARE RELATIVE TO THE APPROPRIATE AREA
\end{nrtc}
\end{bwslide}


\begin{bwslide}
\ctitle	{AREA DESIGNATOR}

\begin{nrtc}
\item	SAYS WHERE TO SEARCH, EITHER

\item	DIRECT REFERENCE, e.g.,
    \begin{nrtc}
    \item	\verb|"@c=US@o=NYSERNet Inc."| OR \verb"!3"
    \end{nrtc}

\item	INDIRECT REFERENCE, e.g.,
    \begin{nrtc}
    \item	\verb"-org nyser"
    \end{nrtc}

\item	INDIRECT REFERENCE CAUSES IMPLICIT SEARCH TO DETERMINE LIST OF AREAS
	FOR SEARCH
\end{nrtc}
\end{bwslide}


\begin{bwslide}
\ctitle	{AN EXAMPLE}

\smaller
\begin{verbatim}


fred> whois goodfellow -org anterior
Trying @c=US@o=Anterior Technology ...
Geoffrey Goodfellow (2)         Geoff@Fernwood.MPK.CA.US
     aka: Geoffrey S. Goodfellow

President
Anterior Technology
  POB 1206
  Menlo Park, CA  94026-1206

Telephone: +1 415 328 5615
FAX:       +1 415 328 5649
TELEX:     number: 650 103 7391, country: US, answerback: MCI UW

Mailbox information:
  MCI-Mail: Geoff
  Internet: Geoff@Fernwood.MPK.CA.US
  UUCP: fernwood!Geoff

Drinks:   chilled water
Picture:  /usr/etc/g3fax/Xphoto invoked

Handle:   @c=US@o=Anterior Technology@ou=Corporate@cn=Geoffrey Goodfellow (2)
Modified: Fri Jul 21 11:41:27 1989
\end{verbatim}
\end{bwslide}


\begin{bwslide}
\part*	{FACES}\bf

\begin{nrtc}
\item	YOU CAN STORE ARBITRARY DATA IN THE WHITE PAGES

\item	ONE ATTRIBUTE IS A FACSIMILE IMAGE CALLED \verb"photo"

\item	THERE ARE TWO X WINDOWS PROGRAMS WHICH DISPLAY THIS INFORMATION
    \begin{nrtc}
    \item	XFACE: WHEN READING A MESSAGE WITH MH, DISPLAYS PHOTO

    \item	XWHO: LIKE RWHO, BUT WITH PHOTOs
    \end{nrtc}
\end{nrtc}
\end{bwslide}


\begin{bwslide}
\ctitle	{MAPPING TO HANDLES}

\begin{nrtc}
\item	MAPPING \verb"local@domain" to A DISTINGUISHED NAME IS A PROBLEM

\item	COULD USE SEARCH ON \verb"rfc822Mailbox" ATTRIBUTE,
	BUT HOW TO LIMIT SEARCH? 

\item	ON LOCAL AREA NETWORK (XWHO), PROBLEM IS SIMPLER
    \begin{nrtc}
    \item	SEARCH LOCAL PART OF TREE FOR \verb"userid" ATTRIBUTE
    \end{nrtc}

\item	FOR E-MAIL (XFACE), USE DIRECTORY TO PROVIDE INVERSE MAPPING TO
	DOMAIN NAMES
    \begin{nrtc}
    \item	COUNTRIES, ORGANIZATIONS HAVE \verb"domainRelatedObject" IN
		OBJECT CLASS

    \item	OBJECTS OF THIS CLASS HAVE \verb"associatedDomain" ATTRIBUTE

    \item	USE A RECURSIVE ALGORITHM TO DERIVE DI-SUBTREES LIKELY TO HAVE
		DESIRED INFORMATION
    \end{nrtc}
\end{nrtc}
\end{bwslide}


\begin{bwslide}
\part*	{MH}\bf

\begin{nrtc}
\item	WHEN COMPOSING MAIL, IT WOULD BE NICE TO USE THE WHITE PAGES TO GET
	E-MAIL ADDRESSES

\item	MH IS MODIFIED TO USE FRED FOR THIS PURPOSE
\end{nrtc}
\end{bwslide}


\begin{bwslide}
\ctitle	{MH USE OF FRED}

\begin{nrtc}
\item	SPECIFY A NAME BY USING ``\verb"{"'' AND ``\verb"}"''  INSTEAD OF
AN ADDRESS, e.g.,
    \begin{nrtc}
    \item	\verb"To: { rose -org nyser }"
    \end{nrtc}

\item	\verb"SEND" AND \verb"WHOM" COMMANDS WILL EXPAND QUERY
    \begin{nrtc}
    \item	USER IS ASKED TO CONFIRM/REFINE
    \end{nrtc}

\item	NOT AVAILABLE FOR \verb"PUSH"
    \begin{nrtc}
    \item	(MUST BE INTERACTIVE USE OF MH)
    \end{nrtc}
\end{nrtc}
\end{bwslide}


\begin{bwslide}
\part	{THE FUTURE}\bf

\begin{nrtc}
\item	LEVEL-1 SLAVE DSAs

\item	DEVELOPMENT

\item	NAME CHANGES
\end{nrtc}
\end{bwslide}


\begin{bwslide}
\part*	{LEVEL-1 SLAVE DSAs}\bf

\begin{nrtc}
\item	LEVEL-1 DSAs ARE A SINGLE POINT OF FAILURE

\item	START LOOKING FOR PEER TO RUN LEVEL-1 DSA FOR YOUR DATA
\end{nrtc}
\end{bwslide}


\begin{bwslide}
\part*	{DEVELOPMENT}\bf

\begin{nrtc}
\item	WHENEVER MAINTENANCE COMES UP, DEVELOPMENT GOES OUT THE DOOR!

\item	SO, MAJOR DEVELOPMENT IS OVER
\end{nrtc}
\end{bwslide}


\begin{bwslide}
\ctitle	{SOME AREAS OF INTEREST}

\begin{nrtc}
\item	PRIVATE MAIL (KEY RETRIEVAL)

\item	USER-DEFINED TEMPLATES FOR FRED OUTPUT

\item	DOCUMENT SEARCHING
\end{nrtc}
\end{bwslide}


\begin{bwslide}
\part*	{NAME CHANGES}\bf

\begin{nrtc}
\item	PUTTING EVERYONE UNDER \verb"c=US" WON'T SCALE

\item	SO, UNLESS YOUR ORGANIZATION IS INTER-STATE, PLAN ON
    \begin{nrtc}
    \item	\verb"c=US@l=NY@o=O_i"
    \end{nrtc}

\item	ALSO PLAN ON HAVING ONLY INCOMPLETE INFORMATION ON \verb"c=US"
\end{nrtc}
\end{bwslide}


\begin{bwslide}
\part*	{CONCLUSIONS}\bf

\begin{nrtc}
\item	WHITE PAGES SERVICE
    \begin{nrtc}
    \item	USING THE OSI DIRECTORY

    \item	RUNNING IN A TCP/IP-BASED INTERNET
    \end{nrtc}
    SOUNDS UNLIKELY!

\item	ACTUALLY, IT'S OPTIMAL FOR A PILOT
    \begin{nrtc}
    \item	SHEER SIZE OF THE INTERNET

    \item	INTERNET SUITE OF PROTOCOLS FOR STABLE END-TO-END SERVICES

    \item	OSI DIRECTORY SERVICE FOR RICH SERVICE ENVIRONMENT
    \end{nrtc}
\end{nrtc}
\end{bwslide}


\end{document}
