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%% Thesis: Continued sleep deprivation negatively affects vigilance,
%% awakedness, and perception over time.  In general, performance
%% deteriorates with components which decrease steadily and which are
%% circadian. This effect can be mitigated, but not removed, by short
%% naps and exercise.  However, some sleep loss can be tolerated
%% without any ill effects.

\begin{document}
\hbox to\hsize{\hfil Marc Horowitz}

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\bo
\i Introduction: Sleep deprivation
 \bo
 \i Negative effects
 \i Linear and cyclic temporal effects
 \i Effect reduction
 \i Sleep duration reduction
 \eo
\i Sleep deprivation effects
 \bo
 \i Kinds of effects
  \bo
  \i Increase in sleepiness
  \i Decrease in concentration and cognitive tasks
  \i Physiological problems
  \i Perceptual distortion
  \eo
 \i Patterns of effects
  \bo
  \i Increasing with time
  \i Correlating to circadian cycle
  \i Perceptual effects more related to tasks
  \eo
 \eo
\i Reducing sleep 
 \bo
 \i Reductions from eight to six hours a night
  \bo
  \i Some sleepiness after lunch right after change for only a few
days
  \i After that, no measurable decrease in sleepiness or alertness
  \i Sleep onset is faster, sleep is deeper, less interrupted.
  \eo
 \i Reductions from eight to five hours cause steady increase in
sleepiness
 \i Reductions from eight to 5.5 hours cause steady decline in
alertness over a 60 day study.
 \eo
\i Mitigating factors
 \bo
 \i Short naps
  \bo
  \i Increase performance before and after normal sleep period
  \i Sleep inertia
  \i Reduced perceptual distortions
  \i A real night's sleep is still better.
  \eo
 \i Exercise
  \bo
  \i Reduced reaction times on concentration tasks
  \i Reduced variability, even during the period of normally poorest
performance
  \i Raised metabolic rate aids concentration
  \eo
 \eo
\i Conclusions
 \bo
 \i Sleep deprivation reduces performance
 \i Performance is worst during normal sleeping time
 \i Some chronic reduction in sleep is tolerable
 \i Naps and exercise reduce effects of sleep deprivation
 \eo
\eo

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