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201 CROSSTALK SUPPRESSION
202 AMPLITUDE COMPRESSION OR EXPANSION
203 GENERALIZED ORTHOGONAL OR SPECIAL MATHEMATICAL TECHNIQUES
204 Plural diverse modulation techniques
205 Pulse width and pulse position modulation
206 Quadrature carriers
207 Having a signaling constellation
208 Particular set of orthogonal functions
209 Walsh functions
210 Fourier transform
211 Level multiplex
212 PULSE WIDTH (PULSE DURATION) MODULATION
213 PULSE POSITION MODULATION
214 SIMULTANEOUS TELEGRAPHY AND TELEPHONY
215 PHASE MODULATION
216 FAULT RECOVERY
217 Bypass an inoperative switch or inoperative element of a switching system
218 Packet switching system or element
219 Standby switch
220 Standby switch
221 Bypass an inoperative station
222 In a ring or loop network
223 Using a secondary ring or loop
224 Loopback of signals on the secondary ring or loop
225 Bypass an inoperative channel
226 In a repeater system
227 Using a spare channel
228 Spare channel
229 DATA FLOW CONGESTION PREVENTION OR CONTROL
230 Control of data admission to the network
231 End-to-end flow control
232 Based on data flow rate measurement
233 Measurement of the peak data flow rate
234 Measurement of the average data flow rate
235 Flow control of data transmission through a network
235.1 Using leaky bucket technique
236 Including signaling between network elements
236.1 Using RM (Resource Management) cells
236.2 Using OAM (Operation, Administration and Maintenance) cells
237 Congestion based rerouting
238 Least cost or minimum delay routing
238.1 ATM least cost routing
239 Using antijabber circuit
240 In a star coupler
241 DIAGNOSTIC TESTING (OTHER THAN SYNCHRONIZATION)
241.1 Using OAM (Operation, Administration and Maintenance) cells
242 Fault detection
243 Of a repeater system
244 Of a switching system
245 Of a local area network
246 Of a repeater
247 Having a dedicated test line or channel
250 Of a switching system
251 Having dedicated test line or channel
252 Determination of communication parameters
253 Measurement of flow rate of messages having an address header
254 NETWORK CONFIGURATION DETERMINATION
255 Using a particular learning algorithm or technique
256 Spanning tree
257 In a bus system
258 In a ring system
259 SPECIAL SERVICES
260 Conferencing
261 Technique for setting up a conference call
262 Operator setup of the conference
263 Conferee signals combined or distributed via time channels
264 Using plural diverse channel communications with a dedicated signaling channel (i.e., ISDN)
265 Particular technique for combining diverse information types
266 Using summation of conferee signals
267 Digital summation
268 Including cancellation of certain signals
269 Including cancellation of certain signals
270 Distribution of signal to multiple agent stations
271 Special feature of multiplex telephone terminal
275 Duplex diplex
277 Communication over free space
278 Transmit/receive interaction control
279 Duplex repeaters
280 Time division
281 Frequency division
282 Transmit/receive interaction control
283 Artificial line
284 Differential
286 Echo suppression or cancellation
287 Disabling or inhibiting
288 Using an attenuator
289 Having residual echo cancellation or suppression
290 Using a particular adaptive filter
291 Using a transversal filter
292 Using a training sequence
293 Duplex repeaters or extenders
294 Time division
295 Frequency division
296 Convertible to half duplex
298 LOW SPEED ASYNCHRONOUS DATA SYSTEM (E.G., TELETYPEWRITER SERVICE)
299 Data switching exchange
300 Data assembly or formatting
301 Transmitting time of transition and logic state
302 Channels separated in frequency
303 Rotary distributor
304 Synchronizer
306 Nonmechanical
307 TRASMULTIPLEXERS
308 RESONANT TRANSFER TECHNIQUES
309 RESONANT TRANSFER SUBSTITUTES
310 COMMUNICATION OVER FREE SPACE
310.1 Using ATM as a wireles protocol
310.2 Having a plurality of contiguous regions served by respective fixed stations
311 Signaling for performing battery saving
312 Message addressed to multiple destinations
313 Portable address responsive receiver
314 Using time division multiplexing
316 Airborne or space satellite repeater
317 Including noise compensation
318 Including power control
319 Multiple access (e.g., FDMA)
320 Code division (CDMA)
321 Time division (TDMA)
322 Channel reservation scheme
323 Including onboard switching
324 Synchronization
325 Including onboard switching
326 Combining or distributing information via time channels
327 In a trunking system
328 Having a plurality of contiguous regions served by respective fixed stations
329 Channel assignment
330 Having both time and frequency assignment
331 Hand-off control
332 Based upon a particular signal quality measurement
333 Signal quality determined by bit error rate
334 Using multiple antennas at a station
335 Combining or distributing information via code word channels using multiple access techniques (e.g., CDMA)
336 Combining or distributing information via time channels
337 Multiple access (e.g., TDMA)
338 Contiguous regions interconnected by a local area network
339 Plural usage of common antenna
340 Using trunking
341 Channel assignment
342 Combining or distributing information via code word channels using multiple access techniques (e.g., CDMA)
343 Combining or distributing information via frequency channels
344 Multiple access (e.g., FDMA)
345 Combining or distributing information via time channels
347 Multiple access (e.g., TDMA)
348 Channel reservation scheme
349 Using messages having an address field as header
350 Synchronization
351 PATHFINDING OR ROUTING
352 Combined circuit switching and packet switching
353 Switching network having common elements to handle both circuit switched traffic and packet switched traffic
354 Switching network having separate elements to handle circuit switched traffic and packet switched traffic
355 Routing packets through a circuit switching network
356 Routing circuit switched traffic through a packet switching network
357 Through a circuit switch
358 Switching input signals having different aggregate bit rates
359 Input or output circuit, per se (i.e., line interface)
360 Switching control
361 Folded network
363 Having details of control storage arrangement
364 Having plural buses
365 Separate transmit and receive buses
366 Including serial-parallel or parallel-serial conversion for input or output
367 For distribution to a multiplanar switching network
368 Having details of control storage arrangement
369 Having time and space switches
370 Having space switch as intermediate stage (e.g., T-S-T, T-S-S, or S-S-T)
371 Having details of control storage arrangement
372 Having time switch as intermediate stage (e.g., S-T-S or T-T-S)
373 Having supervisory signaling
374 Having details of control storage arrangement
375 Time switch, per se (e.g., T or T-T)
376 Time slot interchange, per se
377 Having supervisory signaling
378 Having details of control storage arrangement
379 Data memory addressing
380 Space switch, per se (e.g., S or S-S)
381 Having details of control storage arrangement
382 Data memory addressing
383 Control storage addressing
384 Having a supervisory signaling feature
385 Having a separate signaling network
386 Particular switching network arrangement
387 Multiplanar switch
388 Multistage switch
389 Switching a message which includes an address header
390 Replicate messages for multiple destination distribution
391 Switching input signals having different aggregate bit rates
392 Processing of address header for routing, per se
393 Address concatenation
394 Sequencing or resequencing of packets to insure proper output sequence order
395.1 Message transmitted using fixed length packets (e.g., ATM cells)
396 Distributed switching
397 Employing logical addressing for routing (e.g., VP or VC)
398 Centralized switching
399 Employing logical addressing for routing (e.g., VP or VC)
395.2 Connection set-up/disconnect (e.g., Connection Admission Control)
395.21 Based on traffic contract (including using setup messages, QoS, delay/bandwidth requirement)
395.3 Connection identifier assignment
395.31 Including routing table
395.32 Employing particular searching function (e.g., hashing, alternate, re-routing)
395.4 Assigning period of time for information to be transmitted (e.g., scheduling)
395.41 Based on bandwidth allocation (e.g., Weighted Round Robin)
395.43 Based on service category (e.g., CBR, VBR, UBR, or ABR)
395.5 Multiprotocol network
395.51 Utilizing a plurality of ATM networks (e.g., MPOA, SONET, or SDH)
395.52 Internet Protocol (including TCP/IP or UDP/IP) over fixed length packet network (e.g., IP over ATM)
395.53 Emulated LAN (LANE/ELAN/VLAN, e.g., Ethernet or token ring legacy LAN over a single ATM network/LAN)
395.54 Address resolution (e.g., ARP, or NHRP)
395.6 Adapting detail (e.g., converting to/from ATM, or detail of ATM Adaption Layers (AALs))
395.61 Adapting constant bit rate (CBR) data (e.g., voice, or narrow band ISDN over ATM, or using AAL1)
395.62 Detail of clock recovery or synchronization
395.63 Adapting frame relay/X.25 data (e.g., using AAL 3/4)
395.64 Adapting connection-oriented variable bit rate (VBR) data (e.g., MPEG/HDTV packet video/audio over ATM or using AAL2)
395.65 Adapting connectionless variable bit rate (VBR) data (e.g., adapting 802.X, or using AAL5)
395.7 Having detail of switch memory reading/writing
395.71 Having input or output storage or both
395.72 Having central (e.g., common) storage
400 Having a plurality of nodes performing distributed switching
401 Bridge or gateway between networks
402 Bridge between bus systems
403 At least one bus is a ring network
404 Ring or loop forms backbone for interconnecting other networks
405 The other networks are ring or loop networks
406 Plurality of rings or loops to form a mesh network
407 Interconnected star couplers
408 Nodes interconnected in hierarchy to form a tree
409 Employing logical addressing for routing (e.g., VP or VC)
410 Having a signaling feature
411 Including sorting and merging networks
412 Queuing arrangement
413 Having both input and output queuing
414 Contention resolution for output
415 Having input queuing only
416 Contention resolution for output
417 Having output queuing only
418 Contention resolution for output
419 Input or output circuit, per se (i.e., line interface)
420 For connecting plural subscribers to a network (i.e., network termination)
421 Subscribers connected to input or output circuit by a common bus
422 Centralized switching
423 Including a bus for interconnecting inputs and outputs
424 Including a ring or loop for interconnecting inputs and outputs
425 Star configuration
426 Having a signaling feature
427 Space switching
428 Store and forward
429 Particular storing and queuing arrangement
430 FDM switching
431 CHANNEL ASSIGNMENT TECHNIQUES
432 Messages addressed to multiple destinations
433 Only active channels transmitted
434 Concentrator
435 TASI (Time Assignment Speech Interpolation)
436 Combined time and frequency assignment
437 Adaptive selection of channel assignment technique
438 Using a separate control line or bus for access control
439 Control line is used to request or reserve access
440 Dual bus dynamic queuing (i.e., DQDB)
441 Combining or distributing information via code word channels using multiple access techniques (e.g., CDMA)
442 Combining or distributing information via time channels using multiple access technique (e.g., TDMA)
443 Using channel reservation
444 With priority resolution
445 Carrier sense multiple access (CSMA)
446 Using a star coupler
447 Arbitration for access between contending stations
448 Using weighted back-off timing
450 Passing a signal identifying the idle or busy state of a channel (e.g., token passing)
452 On ring or loop
453 Initialization or reinitialization of network
454 Having multiple idle or busy signals simultaneously on the network
455 Including priority resolution
456 Idle or busy signal erasure or frame erasure
457 Initialization or reinitialization of network
458 Using time slots
459 Having indication of idle or busy state of time slot
460 On ring or loop network
461 Arbitration for access between contending stations
462 Arbitration for access to a channel
463 Details of circuit or interface for connecting user to the network
464 COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUES FOR INFORMATION CARRIED IN PLURAL CHANNELS
466 Converting between protocols
467 Conversion between signaling protocols
468 Assignment of variable bandwidth or time period for transmission or reception
469 Processing multiple layer protocols
470 Frame length
471 Message having an address header
472 Byte length
473 Transmission of a single message having multiple packets
474 Assembly or disassembly of messages having address headers
475 Address transmitted
476 Byte assembly and formatting
477 Transmission bandwidth conservation
478 Combined time division and frequency division
479 Combining or distributing information via code word channels
480 Combining or distributing information via frequency channels
481 Multiple frequency translations
482 Particular carrier generation
483 Using angle modulation
484 Digital analysis or synthesis of a group
485 Subscriber carrier
486 Program distribution
487 Combined communication of diverse information types
488 Connecting filters
489 Bus (distributed stations)
490 Combined communication of diverse information types
493 Combined voice and data transmission
494 Data over voice
495 Data under voice
497 Using particular filtering technique
498 Combining or distributing information via time channels
499 Polarity multiplex
502 Bus extenders
503 Synchronizing
504 Reference indication consists of a gap
505 Pulse stuffing or deletion
506 Frame or bit stream justification
507 Mutual (reciprocal) synchronization
508 Transmission time into time slots adjusted based upon propagation delay time
509 Using synchronization information contained in a frame
510 Synchronization information is distributed over multiple frames
511 Using redundant synchronization words
512 Synchronization information is distributed within a frame
513 Plural synchronization words
514 Unique synchronization word or unique bit sequence
515 Pseudo-random
516 Adjusting for phase or jitter
517 Including delay device
518 Provide plural phases of a clocking signal
519 Delay based upon propagation delay time
520 Unique synchronization pulse
521 Time compression or expansion
522 Signaling (ancillary to main information)
523 Using bit robbing
524 Using a dedicated signaling channel (i.e., D-channel)
525 Digital tone signal generation
526 Digital tone detection
527 Superimposed or modulated on principal information
528 Inserted in gaps in main information
529 Information superimposed on other information
530 Staircase wave
531 Magnetic core for switching or storage
532 Multiplexer or distributor and technique for handling low level input signal
533 Multiplexer or distributor using pulse amplitude modulation
534 Multiplexer or distributor using electron beam switching device
535 Multiplexing combined with demultiplexing
536 Demultiplexing single signal into plural parallel channels (e.g., parallel transmission for increasing transmission speed)
537 Multiplexing plural input channels to a common output channel
538 Plural input channels of different rates to a single common rate output channel
539 Multiple levels of multiplexing to form a multiplex hierarchy
540 Plural input channels of same rate to a single common rate output channel
541 Multiple levels of multiplexing to form a multiplex hierarchy
542 Demultiplexing single input channel to plural output channels
543 Different rate output channels
544 Same rate output channels
545 Conversion of rate from a single input to a single output
546 MISCELLANEOUS
901 WIDE AREA NETWORK
902 Packet switching
903 OSI Compliant Network
904 Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN)
905 Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM)
906 Fiber Data Distribution Interface (FDDI)
907 Synchronous Optical network (SONET)
908 LOCAL AREA NETWORK
910 Carrier sense multiple access (e.g., Ethernet, 10Base-T)
911 Bridge (e.g., brouter, bus extender, etc.)
912 PACKET COMMUNICATIONS
913 Wireless or radio
914 RATE CONVERTER
915 TIME DIVISION CELLULAR RADIO SYSTEMS
916 MULTIPLEXER/DEMULTIPLEXER
FOR000 CLASS-RELATED FOREIGN DOCUMENTS
Any foreign patents or non-patent literature from subclasses that have been reclassified have been transferred directly to FOR Collections listed below. These Collections contain ONLY foreign patents or non-patent literature. The parenthetical references in the Collection titles refer to the abolished subclasses from which these Collections were derived.
FOR100 SIMULTANEOUS TELEGRAPHY AND TELEPHONY (370/125)
FOR101 MULTIPLEX SWITCHING (370/53)
FOR105 FDM switching (frequency division multiplexing) (370/57)
FOR106 TDM switching (time division multiplexing) (370/58.1)
FOR107 Control processing (370/58.2)
FOR109 T-S (Time-Space) or S-T (370/59)
FOR110 Packet or addressed data (370/60)
FOR111 Combined with circuit-switching (370/60.1)
FOR112 Store and forward (370/61)
FOR113 Special services with switching (e.g., conference) (370/62)
FOR114 TST (Time-Space-Time) (370/63)
FOR115 STS (Space-Time-Space) (370/64)
FOR116 Folded network (370/65)
FOR117 Space stage, per se (370/65.5)
FOR120 Time slot interchangers, per se (370/68)
FOR121 With signalling feature (370/68.1)
FOR122 FREQUENCY DIVISION (370/69.1)
FOR123 Multiple frequency translations (370/120)
FOR124 Carrier generation (370/121)
FOR125 Angle modulation (370/122)
FOR126 Filtering techniques (370/123)
FOR127 Digital analysis or synthesis of group (370/70)
FOR128 Subscriber carrier (370/71)
FOR129 Connecting filters (370/72)
FOR130 Program distribution (370/73)
FOR131 Bus (distributed stations) (370/124)
FOR136 Polarity multiplex (370/78)
FOR137 Adaptive systems (370/79)
FOR138 Only active channels transmitted (370/80)
FOR139 TASI (Time assigned speech interpolation) (370/81)
FOR143 Bus transmission (370/85.1)
FOR145 Carrier sense (370/85.3)
FOR146 Token passing (370/85.4)
FOR147 Loop or ring (370/85.5)
FOR149 Variable channel assignment (370/85.7)
FOR152 With separate control bus (370/85.11)
FOR153 Loop or ring (370/85.12)
FOR154 Bridge between bus systems (370/85.13)
FOR155 Interconnection between ring or loop (370/85.14)
FOR156 Loop or ring (370/85.15)
FOR157 Asynchronous and nonsynchronous (370/91)
FOR158 Address transmitted (370/92)
FOR159 Multiple access, discrete address (370/93)
FOR161 Combined with synchronous information (370/94.2)
FOR162 Star, tree, or mesh networks (370/94.3)
FOR163 Variable channel assignment (370/95.1)
FOR165 Time division multiple access (370/95.3)
FOR166 TDM pulse repeater (370/97)
FOR168 Byte assembly and formatting (370/99)
FOR169 Synchronizing (370/100.1)
FOR170 Reference indication consists of a gap (370/101)
FOR171 Pulse stuffing or deletion (370/102)
FOR172 Mutual (reciprocal) synchronization (370/103)
FOR173 Moving satelite (370/104.1)
FOR177 Bit phase or jitter (370/105.3)
FOR178 Unique synchronization word (370/105.4)
FOR179 Unique sychronization pulse (370/105.5)
FOR180 Plural sychronizing words (370/106)
FOR181 Pseudo-random (370/107)
FOR182 Including delay device (370/108)
FOR183 Time compression or expansion (370/109)
FOR184 Signalling (ancilliary to main information) (370/110.1)
FOR185 Digital tone signal generation (370/110.2)
FOR186 Digital tone detection (370/110.3)
FOR187 Superimposed or modulated on principal information (370/110.4)
FOR188 Inserted in gaps in main information (370/111)
FOR189 Multiplexers/distributors (hierarchy and level) (370/112)
FOR190 Apparatus and techniques for handling low level input signals (370/113)
FOR191 Pulse amplitude modulation (370/114)
FOR192 Electron beam switching device (370/115)
FOR193 Staircase wave (370/116)
FOR194 Magnetic core for switching or storage (370/117)
FOR195 TRANSMISSION BANDWIDTH CONSERVATION (370/118)
FOR196 MISCELLANEOUS (370/119)
Switching a message which includes an address header
FOR197 Message transmitted using regularly occurring fixed length time intervals (e.g., ATM) (370/395)
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